新型甜味剂及鲜味剂在断奶仔猪饲粮中的应用效果研究
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摘要
本试验旨在研究新型甜味剂及鲜味剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清胃肠肽指标、养分消化率及粪便微生物数量的影响。选取体况良好、体重(7.81±0.82)kg、(28±2)日龄的大白断奶仔猪128头,随机分成4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。对照组(A组)饲喂不加鲜味剂和甜味剂的基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.2 g/kg的糖精钠(B组)、0.2 g/kg的鲜味组合物(C组)和0.2 g/kg的植物甜味提取物(D组)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,B、C、D组断奶仔猪第1~14天和第1~28天的料重比均极显著降低(P<0.01);2)与对照组相比,C组血清胰高血糖素样肽-1含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)各组有机物、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙和磷的消化率均差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)各组的粪便大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加糖精钠、鲜味组合物及植物甜味提取物能够改善断奶仔猪的生长性能,调节血清胃肠肽分泌。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of novel sweetener and umami enhancer on growth performance,serum gastrointestinal peptide indexes,nutrient digestibility and fecal microbe number of weaned piglets.One hundred and twenty eight(28 ± 2)-day-old healthy Large White piglets with the body weight of(7.81 ± 0.82) kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 8 piglets per replicate.Piglets in the control group(group A) were fed a basal diet(without sweetener and umami enhancer),and piglets in the other groups were fed the basal diet added with 0.2 g/kg saccharin sodium(group B),0.2 g/kg umami enhancer compounds(group C) and 0.2 g/kg plant sweetener extract(group D),respectively.The trial lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the ratio of feed to gain of weaned piglets at the 1 st to 14 th days and the 1 st to 28 th days of groups B,C and D was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).2) Compared with the control group,the serum glucagon-likepeptide 1 content of group B was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).3) There were no significant differences in the digestibilities of organic matter,crude protein,ether extract,calcium and phosphorus among all groups(P > 0.05).4) There were no significant differences in the numbers of Escherichia coli,Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria in feces among all groups(P > 0.05).It is concluded that dietary saccharin sodium,umami enhancer compounds and plant sweetener extract can improve the growth performance of weaned piglets,and regulate the serum gastrointestinal peptides secretion.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of novel sweetener and umami enhancer on growth performance,serum gastrointestinal peptide indexes,nutrient digestibility and fecal microbe number of weaned piglets.One hundred and twenty eight(28 ± 2)-day-old healthy Large White piglets with the body weight of(7.81 ± 0.82) kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 8 piglets per replicate.Piglets in the control group(group A) were fed a basal diet(without sweetener and umami enhancer),and piglets in the other groups were fed the basal diet added with 0.2 g/kg saccharin sodium(group B),0.2 g/kg umami enhancer compounds(group C) and 0.2 g/kg plant sweetener extract(group D),respectively.The trial lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the ratio of feed to gain of weaned piglets at the 1 st to 14 th days and the 1 st to 28 th days of groups B,C and D was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).2) Compared with the control group,the serum glucagon-likepeptide 1 content of group B was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).3) There were no significant differences in the digestibilities of organic matter,crude protein,ether extract,calcium and phosphorus among all groups(P > 0.05).4) There were no significant differences in the numbers of Escherichia coli,Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria in feces among all groups(P > 0.05).It is concluded that dietary saccharin sodium,umami enhancer compounds and plant sweetener extract can improve the growth performance of weaned piglets,and regulate the serum gastrointestinal peptides secretion.
引文
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[15]牟永斌.色氨酸和诱食剂对仔猪营养生理效应的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:西南大学,2008:2-4.
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[18]MEIER J J,KEMMERIES G,HOLST J J,et al.Erythromycin antagonizes the deceleration of gastric emptying by glucagon-like peptide 1 and unmasks its insulinotropic effect in healthy subjects[J].Diabetes,2005,54(7):2212-2218.
[19]金玉翠,申传安,柴家科.胰高血糖素样肽1的结构及生物学作用研究进展[J].解放军医学杂志,2011,36(8):875-787.
[20]许建萍,肖新华.胰高血糖素样肽-1的生理作用及分泌调节因素[J].中华临床医师杂志,2013,7(24):11632-11634.
[21]NSLUND E,KING N,MANSTEN S,et al.Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects[J].The British Journal of Nutrition,2004,91(3):439-446.
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[23]唐胜球,江青艳,张永亮,等.脑肠肽Obestatin与Ghrelin的研究进展[J].世界华人消化杂志,2007,15(31):3324-3333.
[24]MURAKAMI N,HAYASHIDA T,KUROIWA T,et al.Role for central ghrelin in food intake and secretion profile of stomach ghrelin in rats[J].The Journal of Endocrinology,2002,174(2):283-288.
[25]刘爽.几种甜味剂、香味剂和饲料颜色对仔猪增重效果的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007:1-4.
[26]代兵.断奶仔猪肠道健康的营养调节剂的应用[D].博士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2011:1-3.
[27]KIARIE E,BHANDARI S,SCOTT M,e al.Growth performance and gastrointestinal microbial ecology responses of piglets receiving Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product after an oral challenge with Escherichia coli(K88)[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(4):1062-1078.
[2]STERK A,SCHLEGEL P,MUL A J,et al.Effects of sweeteners on individual feed intake characteristics and performance in group-housed weanling pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(11):2990-2997.
[3]张文丽,雷雄,魏敏.仔猪粉状高铜饲料中添加不同剂量甜味剂对生长性能的影响[J].畜禽业,2009,30(3):14-15.
[4]孙平清,邓广庆.在生长猪饲料中加入不同梯度的甜味剂的对比试验[J].现代畜牧兽医,2006(7):22-23.
[5]陈永锋.甜味剂和香味剂对仔猪生产性能的影响[J].福建畜牧兽医,2012,24(2):12-14.
[6]CROMWELL G L,ALLEE G L,MAHAN D C.Assessment of lactose level in the mid-to late-nursery phase on performance of weanling pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(1):127-133.
[7]陈罡.谷氨酸纳对哺乳仔猪蛋白质和脂肪代谢影响的研究[D].硕士学位论.长沙:湖南农业大学,2013:2-4.
[8]袁缨.动物营养学实验教程[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:12-91.
[9]张雷,蔡菊,周万胜.甜味剂在饲料工业中的应用性状与发展前景[J].饲料博览,2004(7):4-6.
[10]REZAEI R,KNABE D A,TEWEK C D,et al.Dietary supplementation with monosodium glutamate is safe and improves growth performance in postweaning pigs[J].A-mino acids,2013,44(3):911-923.
[11]王本琢,孙胜元,永标.调味剂在养猪生产中的应用[J].动物科学与动物医学,2002,19(10):61-63.
[12]彭彰智.谷氨酸对断奶仔猪的营养及肠道神经系统的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:南昌大学,2012:1-3.
[13]肖英平,洪奇华,刘秀婷,等.谷氨酰胺对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、空肠碱性磷酸酶活性及与肠道健康相关因子基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(8):1438-1446.
[14]杨慧,林伯全,徐磊.液体营养素与不同类型甜味剂对断乳土黑仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响[J].福建畜牧兽医,2015,37(5):10-12.
[15]牟永斌.色氨酸和诱食剂对仔猪营养生理效应的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:西南大学,2008:2-4.
[16]张飞.日粮中添加糖精锌和复合酶制剂对仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响[D].硕士学位论文.武汉:中华农业大学,2009:1-4.
[17]CUMMINGS D E,OVERDUIN J.Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake[J].The Journal of Clinical Investigation,2007,117(1):13-23.
[18]MEIER J J,KEMMERIES G,HOLST J J,et al.Erythromycin antagonizes the deceleration of gastric emptying by glucagon-like peptide 1 and unmasks its insulinotropic effect in healthy subjects[J].Diabetes,2005,54(7):2212-2218.
[19]金玉翠,申传安,柴家科.胰高血糖素样肽1的结构及生物学作用研究进展[J].解放军医学杂志,2011,36(8):875-787.
[20]许建萍,肖新华.胰高血糖素样肽-1的生理作用及分泌调节因素[J].中华临床医师杂志,2013,7(24):11632-11634.
[21]NSLUND E,KING N,MANSTEN S,et al.Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects[J].The British Journal of Nutrition,2004,91(3):439-446.
[22]MEERAN K,O’SHEA D,EDWARDS C M,et al.Repeated intracerebroventricular administration of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36)amide or exendin-(9-39)alters body weight in the rat[J].Endocrinology,1999,140(1):244-250.
[23]唐胜球,江青艳,张永亮,等.脑肠肽Obestatin与Ghrelin的研究进展[J].世界华人消化杂志,2007,15(31):3324-3333.
[24]MURAKAMI N,HAYASHIDA T,KUROIWA T,et al.Role for central ghrelin in food intake and secretion profile of stomach ghrelin in rats[J].The Journal of Endocrinology,2002,174(2):283-288.
[25]刘爽.几种甜味剂、香味剂和饲料颜色对仔猪增重效果的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007:1-4.
[26]代兵.断奶仔猪肠道健康的营养调节剂的应用[D].博士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2011:1-3.
[27]KIARIE E,BHANDARI S,SCOTT M,e al.Growth performance and gastrointestinal microbial ecology responses of piglets receiving Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product after an oral challenge with Escherichia coli(K88)[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(4):1062-1078.