脊尾白虾脂肪酸组成特点及其食性分析
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摘要
为探讨不同体长脊尾白虾Exopalaemon carinicauda脂肪酸组成特点及其食性,于2017年5月在海州湾用拖网采集到30尾脊尾白虾,将其分为6、7、8、9 cm共4个体长组,并利用内标法和脂肪酸标记法对其脂肪酸组成和食性进行分析。结果表明:脊尾白虾肌肉中主要检测出27种脂肪酸,主要包括C_(16:0)、C_(18:0)、C_(18:1n9c)、C_(18:2n6t)、C_(20:5n3)(EPA)、C_(22:6n3)(DHA)等,共占总脂肪酸含量的50%,其中C_(16:0)占11.6%,C_(22:6n3)占10.2%,C_(20:5n3)占9.2%;多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)占45.8%,显著高于饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)(P<0.05);总脂肪酸(TFA)、PUFA、SFA、MUFA、C_(16:0)、C_(18:1n9c)、C_(20:5n3)、C_(22:6n3)、n-3PUFA、DHA+EPA含量在8 cm体长组最高;仅C_(18:1n9c)含量与体长呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。研究表明,基于特征脂肪酸的食性分析,脊尾白虾为底栖杂食食性,主要摄食硅藻、甲壳类、双壳类等。
Changes in fatty acid composition and feeding habit were investigated in ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda with different body length of 6, 7, 8, and 9 cm collected by trawling in Haizhou Bay in May 2017 by fatty acid marker. The results showed that 27 kinds of main fatty acids were detected in muscle of ridgetail white prawn, with prevalent fatty acids C_(16:0), C_(18:0), C_(18:1 n9 c), C_(18:2 n6 t), C_(20:5 n3), and C_(22:6 n3), accounting for 50% of the total fatty acid content, including 11.6% of C_(16:0), 10.2% of C_(22:6 n3), 9.2% of C_(20:5 n3), and 45.8% of polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA), significantly higher than contents of saturated fatty acid(SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)(P<0.05). The maximal content of total fatty acids(TFA), PUFA, SFA, MUFA, C_(16: 0), C_(18: 1 n9 c), C_(20: 5 n3)(EPA), C_(22: 6 n3)(DHA), n-3 PUFA, and DHA+EPA was observed in the ridgetail white prawn with body length of 8 cm, with significantly positive correlation between C_(18: 1 n9 c) and body length(P<0.05). The findings show that ridgetail white prawn is a benthic omnivorous animal which primarily feeds on diatoms, crustaceans and bivalves.
Changes in fatty acid composition and feeding habit were investigated in ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda with different body length of 6, 7, 8, and 9 cm collected by trawling in Haizhou Bay in May 2017 by fatty acid marker. The results showed that 27 kinds of main fatty acids were detected in muscle of ridgetail white prawn, with prevalent fatty acids C_(16:0), C_(18:0), C_(18:1 n9 c), C_(18:2 n6 t), C_(20:5 n3), and C_(22:6 n3), accounting for 50% of the total fatty acid content, including 11.6% of C_(16:0), 10.2% of C_(22:6 n3), 9.2% of C_(20:5 n3), and 45.8% of polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA), significantly higher than contents of saturated fatty acid(SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)(P<0.05). The maximal content of total fatty acids(TFA), PUFA, SFA, MUFA, C_(16: 0), C_(18: 1 n9 c), C_(20: 5 n3)(EPA), C_(22: 6 n3)(DHA), n-3 PUFA, and DHA+EPA was observed in the ridgetail white prawn with body length of 8 cm, with significantly positive correlation between C_(18: 1 n9 c) and body length(P<0.05). The findings show that ridgetail white prawn is a benthic omnivorous animal which primarily feeds on diatoms, crustaceans and bivalves.
引文
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[14] 梁俊平,李健,刘萍,等.脊尾白虾生物学特性与人工繁育的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(17):109-116.
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[21] 易翠平,钟春梅.鳡鱼的脂肪含量测定及脂肪酸成分分析[J].食品科学,2013,34(14):255-258.
[22] Ota T,Takagi T.A comparative study on the lipid class composition and the fatty acid composition of sweet smelt,Plecoglossus altivelis,from marine and fresh-water habitat[J].Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University,1977,28(1):47-56.
[23] Stickney R R,Andrews J W.Effects of dietary lipids on growth,food conversion,lipid and fatty acid composition of channel catfish[J].Journal of Nutrition,1972,102(2):249-257.
[24] Innis S M.The role of dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the developing brain[J].Developmental Neuroscience,2000,22(5-6):474-480.
[25] 庄平,宋超,章龙珍.长江口安氏白虾与日本沼虾营养成分比较[J].动物学报,2008,54(5):822-829.
[26] Chen Dewei,Zhang Min,Shrestha S.Compositional characteristics and nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J].Food Chemistry,2007,103(4):1343-1349.
[27] 张强,荆剂荣,刘雪梅.虾蛄脂肪酸分析[J].分析化学,2002,30(12):1473-1476.
[28] Rajendran N,Suwa Y,Urushigawa Y.Distribution of phospholipid ester-linked fatty acid biomarkers for bacteria in the sediment of Ise Bay,Japan[J].Marine Chemistry,1993,42(1):39-56.
[29] 谢斌,李云凯,张虎,等.基于稳定同位素技术的海州湾海洋牧场食物网基础及营养结构的季节性变化[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(7):2292-2298.
[30] Ga?l Le Croizier G S.Trophic ecology in?uence on metal bioaccumulation in marine ?sh inference from stable isotope and fatty acid analyses[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,573:83-95.
[31] 李荷芳,周汉秋.海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的比较研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(1):34-40.
[32] 李春颖,仇雪梅.海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2008(4):63-65.
[33] Richoux N B,Froneman P W.Trophic ecology of dominant zooplankton and macrofauna in a temperate,oligotrophic South African estuary:a fatty acid approach[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2008,357:121-137.
[34] Stowasser G,Pond D W,Collins M A.Using fatty acid analysis to elucidate the feeding habits of Southern Ocean mesopelagic fish[J].Marine Biology,2009,156(11):2289-2302.
[35] 谢斌.应用稳定同位素技术研究海州湾主要生物种类的营养结构[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2017.
[36] T?nnesson K,Tiselius P.Diet of the chaetognaths Sagitta setosa and S.elegans in relation to prey abundance and vertical distribution[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2005,289:177-190.
[37] 杨纪明,李军.渤海强壮箭虫摄食的初步研究[J].海洋科学,1995,19(6):38-42.
[38] Parrish C C.Determination of total lipid,lipid classes,and fatty acids in aquatic samples[M]//Arts M T,Wainman B C.Lipids in Freshwater Ecosystems.New York:Springer,1999.
[39] Budge S M,Parrish C C,Mckenzie C H.Fatty acid composition of phytoplankton,settling particulate matter and sediments at a sheltered bivalve aquaculture site[J].Marine Chemistry,2001,76(4):285-303.
[40] 朱孔文,孙满昌,张硕,等.海州湾海洋牧场:人工鱼礁建设[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[41] Kelly J R,Scheibling R E.Fatty acids as dietary tracers in benthic food webs[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2012,446:1-22.
[42] Cook E J,Bell M V,Black K D,et al.Fatty acid compositions of gonadal material and diets of the sea urchin,Psammechinus miliaris:trophic and nutritional implications[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2000,255(2):261-274.
[43] Soudant P,Moal J,Marty Y,et al.Impact of the quality of dietary fatty acids on metabolism and the composition of polar lipid classes in female gonads of Pecten maximus (L.)[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1996,205(1-2):149-163.
[44] Kelly J R,Scheibling R E,Iverson S J.Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2009,391:53-63.
[2] 王兴强,曹梅,阎斌伦,等.脊尾白虾养殖技术研究[J].水产科技情报,2008,35(6):265-269.
[3] 邵银文,王春琳,励迪平,等.脊尾白虾自然群体与养殖群体的营养差异[J].水利渔业,2008,28(4):34-37.
[4] Colvin P M.The effect of selected seed oils on the fatty acid composition and growth of Penaeus indicus[J].Aquaculture,1976,8(1):81-89.
[5] Kanazawa A,Teshima S I,カナザワ ア,et al.Biosynthesis of fatty acids from acetate in the prawn,Penaeus japonicus[J].Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University,1977,26:49-53.
[6] 王娜.脂肪酸等生物标志物在海洋食物网研究中的应用——以长江口毗邻海域为例[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008.
[7] Dalsgaard J,John M S,Kattner G,et al.Fatty acid trophic markers in the pelagic marine environment[J].Advances in Marine Biology,2003,46:225-340.
[8] Stübing D,Hagen W.Fatty acid biomarker ratios—suitable trophic indicators in Antarctic euphausiids?[J].Polar Biology,2003,26(12):774-782.
[9] Zhang Chengsong,Li Fuhua,Xiang Jianhai.Effect of salinity on growth and first sexual maturity of Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis,1950)[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2014,32(1):65-70.
[10] Zhang Chengsong,Li Zhiguo,Li Fuhua,et al.Effects of starvation on survival,growth and development of Exopalaemon carinicauda larvae[J].Aquaculture Research,2015,46(9):2289-2299.
[11] 施永海,张根玉,刘建忠,等.不同月份出生的脊尾白虾之生长及生殖特性[J].水产科技情报,2009,36(3):131-136.
[12] 梁象秋,李亚娟,周昭曼.脊尾白虾的幼体发育[J].水产学报,1988,12(2):157-168.
[13] 李志敏.脊尾白虾繁殖生物学研究[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2015.
[14] 梁俊平,李健,刘萍,等.脊尾白虾生物学特性与人工繁育的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(17):109-116.
[15] 武文魁.脊尾白虾幼体发育的研究[J].海洋学报,1983(S1):953-964.
[16] 张成松,李富花,相建海.脊尾白虾形态性状对体质量影响的通径分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(6):809-815.
[17] 李明德.天津脊尾白虾Palaemon (Exopalaemon) carincauda Holthuis个体生态[J].现代渔业信息,2005,20(10):10,13.
[18] 王兴强,阎斌伦,马甡,等.脊尾白虾生物学及养殖生态学研究进展[J].齐鲁渔业,2005,22(8):21-23.
[19] Folch J,Lees M,Sloane Stanley G H.A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1957,226(1):497-509.
[20] 杨清源,王少琴,朱国平,等.西南大西洋拉氏南美南极鱼脂肪酸组成及其食性研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(1):86-92.
[21] 易翠平,钟春梅.鳡鱼的脂肪含量测定及脂肪酸成分分析[J].食品科学,2013,34(14):255-258.
[22] Ota T,Takagi T.A comparative study on the lipid class composition and the fatty acid composition of sweet smelt,Plecoglossus altivelis,from marine and fresh-water habitat[J].Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University,1977,28(1):47-56.
[23] Stickney R R,Andrews J W.Effects of dietary lipids on growth,food conversion,lipid and fatty acid composition of channel catfish[J].Journal of Nutrition,1972,102(2):249-257.
[24] Innis S M.The role of dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the developing brain[J].Developmental Neuroscience,2000,22(5-6):474-480.
[25] 庄平,宋超,章龙珍.长江口安氏白虾与日本沼虾营养成分比较[J].动物学报,2008,54(5):822-829.
[26] Chen Dewei,Zhang Min,Shrestha S.Compositional characteristics and nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J].Food Chemistry,2007,103(4):1343-1349.
[27] 张强,荆剂荣,刘雪梅.虾蛄脂肪酸分析[J].分析化学,2002,30(12):1473-1476.
[28] Rajendran N,Suwa Y,Urushigawa Y.Distribution of phospholipid ester-linked fatty acid biomarkers for bacteria in the sediment of Ise Bay,Japan[J].Marine Chemistry,1993,42(1):39-56.
[29] 谢斌,李云凯,张虎,等.基于稳定同位素技术的海州湾海洋牧场食物网基础及营养结构的季节性变化[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(7):2292-2298.
[30] Ga?l Le Croizier G S.Trophic ecology in?uence on metal bioaccumulation in marine ?sh inference from stable isotope and fatty acid analyses[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,573:83-95.
[31] 李荷芳,周汉秋.海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的比较研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(1):34-40.
[32] 李春颖,仇雪梅.海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2008(4):63-65.
[33] Richoux N B,Froneman P W.Trophic ecology of dominant zooplankton and macrofauna in a temperate,oligotrophic South African estuary:a fatty acid approach[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2008,357:121-137.
[34] Stowasser G,Pond D W,Collins M A.Using fatty acid analysis to elucidate the feeding habits of Southern Ocean mesopelagic fish[J].Marine Biology,2009,156(11):2289-2302.
[35] 谢斌.应用稳定同位素技术研究海州湾主要生物种类的营养结构[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2017.
[36] T?nnesson K,Tiselius P.Diet of the chaetognaths Sagitta setosa and S.elegans in relation to prey abundance and vertical distribution[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2005,289:177-190.
[37] 杨纪明,李军.渤海强壮箭虫摄食的初步研究[J].海洋科学,1995,19(6):38-42.
[38] Parrish C C.Determination of total lipid,lipid classes,and fatty acids in aquatic samples[M]//Arts M T,Wainman B C.Lipids in Freshwater Ecosystems.New York:Springer,1999.
[39] Budge S M,Parrish C C,Mckenzie C H.Fatty acid composition of phytoplankton,settling particulate matter and sediments at a sheltered bivalve aquaculture site[J].Marine Chemistry,2001,76(4):285-303.
[40] 朱孔文,孙满昌,张硕,等.海州湾海洋牧场:人工鱼礁建设[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[41] Kelly J R,Scheibling R E.Fatty acids as dietary tracers in benthic food webs[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2012,446:1-22.
[42] Cook E J,Bell M V,Black K D,et al.Fatty acid compositions of gonadal material and diets of the sea urchin,Psammechinus miliaris:trophic and nutritional implications[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2000,255(2):261-274.
[43] Soudant P,Moal J,Marty Y,et al.Impact of the quality of dietary fatty acids on metabolism and the composition of polar lipid classes in female gonads of Pecten maximus (L.)[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1996,205(1-2):149-163.
[44] Kelly J R,Scheibling R E,Iverson S J.Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2009,391:53-63.