施硒对红芸豆产量及硒运转的影响
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摘要
[目的]探索红芸豆各器官硒运转规律以及施硒对红芸豆POD(过氧化物酶)活性、MDA(丙二醛)含量及GSH(还原性谷胱甘肽)含量及产量的影响,为生产富硒红芸豆提供理论依据。[方法]以"英国红芸豆"为试验材料,采用二因素裂区设计,主区设5个浸种供硒水平,分别为SS_0(0 mg·L~(-1))、SS_(7.5)(7.5 mg·L~(-1))、SS_(15)(15 mg·L~(-1))、SS_(22.5)(22.5 mg·L~(-1))、SS_(30)(30 mg·L~(-1)),副区设4个叶面喷施供硒水平,分别为FS_0(0 g·hm~(-2))、FS_(15)(15 g·hm~(-2))、FS_(30)(30 g·hm~(-2))、FS_(45)(45 g·hm~(-2)),清水作对照,共20个处理组合。[结果]与不施硒相比,施硒能有效提高红芸豆POD活性、GSH含量以及降低MDA含量。红芸豆各器官硒含量大小为籽粒>叶片>豆荚>茎秆,且相比对照分别提高了2.5～13.2、4.7～23.0、0.1～31.6、0.26～15.9倍,最高产量相比对照提高了0.9倍。[结论]综合考虑建议以硒浸种15～22.5 mg·L~(-1),喷施硒30～45 g·hm~(-2)范围为宜。
[Objective] Current study was designed to explore selenium transport way in various organs of red kidney bean plants and the effect of selenium on POD(peroxidase) activity, MDA(malondialdehyde) and GSH(reduced glutathione) content, and yield of red kidney beans, and in order to provide a theoretical basis for selenium-rich red kidney bean production. [Methods] The "British red kidney beans" was used as the experimental material, and the two-factor splitting design was adopted. The main factor was set up with soaking treatments with selenium concentrations at five different levels, SS_0(0 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(7.5)(7.5 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(15)(15 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(22.5)(22.5 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(30)(30 mg·L~(-1)), while the second factor was set up with foliar spray treatment with selenium concentrations at four different levels, FS_0(0 g·hm~(-2)), FS_(15)(15 g·hm~(-2)), FS_(30)(30 g·hm~(-2)), and FS_(45)(45 g·hm~(-2)). Tap water served as the control, and a total of 20 treatment combinations were involved. [Results] Compared with control group, selenium application could effectively increase the POD activity, GSH content, and MDA content of red kidney beans. The selenium content in different organs of red kidney bean plants was various as grain>leaf>pod>stem, and it was increased by 2.5～13.2, 4.7～23.0, 0.1～31.6, and 0.26～15.9 times, respectively, compared with control group, and the highest yield was increased by 0.9 times. [Conclusion] The study indicated that bean seeds treated with soaking method at selenium concentration of 15～22.5 mg·L~(-1) coupled with foliar spraying method at selenium concentration of 30～45 g·hm~(-2) provide good bean production.
[Objective] Current study was designed to explore selenium transport way in various organs of red kidney bean plants and the effect of selenium on POD(peroxidase) activity, MDA(malondialdehyde) and GSH(reduced glutathione) content, and yield of red kidney beans, and in order to provide a theoretical basis for selenium-rich red kidney bean production. [Methods] The "British red kidney beans" was used as the experimental material, and the two-factor splitting design was adopted. The main factor was set up with soaking treatments with selenium concentrations at five different levels, SS_0(0 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(7.5)(7.5 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(15)(15 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(22.5)(22.5 mg·L~(-1)), SS_(30)(30 mg·L~(-1)), while the second factor was set up with foliar spray treatment with selenium concentrations at four different levels, FS_0(0 g·hm~(-2)), FS_(15)(15 g·hm~(-2)), FS_(30)(30 g·hm~(-2)), and FS_(45)(45 g·hm~(-2)). Tap water served as the control, and a total of 20 treatment combinations were involved. [Results] Compared with control group, selenium application could effectively increase the POD activity, GSH content, and MDA content of red kidney beans. The selenium content in different organs of red kidney bean plants was various as grain>leaf>pod>stem, and it was increased by 2.5～13.2, 4.7～23.0, 0.1～31.6, and 0.26～15.9 times, respectively, compared with control group, and the highest yield was increased by 0.9 times. [Conclusion] The study indicated that bean seeds treated with soaking method at selenium concentration of 15～22.5 mg·L~(-1) coupled with foliar spraying method at selenium concentration of 30～45 g·hm~(-2) provide good bean production.
引文
[1]余洁,李琳玲, 肖贤, 等. 植物富硒栽培研究进展综述[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2017, 56(16): 3017-3021.
[2]Oliveira A P D, Nomura C S, Naozuka J, et al. Evaluation of selenium enrichment of adzuki bean(Vignaangularis)sprouts: Translocation, bioaccessibility and Se-protein speciation[J]. Microchemical Journal, 2017, 134:19-26.
[3]覃爱苗, 唐平, 余卫平. 硒在植物中的生物学效应[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2011, 42(10): 6-11.
[4]张志清. 优质小杂粮——英国红芸豆[J]. 农村百事通, 2009(7): 32,89.
[5]唐玉霞, 王慧敏, 吕英华, 等. 硒肥浸种对小麦生长发育及产量和籽粒含硒量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2010, 30(4): 731-734.
[6]赵春梅, 曹启民, 唐群峰, 等. 植物富硒规律的研究进展[J]. 热带农业科学, 2010, 30(7): 82-86.
[7]冯魁, 马艳明, 田新年, 等.亚硒酸钠浸种对春小麦种子萌发特性的研究[J].种子, 2017, 36(9): 39-43.
[8]史丽娟, 白文斌, 曹昌林, 等. 亚硒酸钠浸种对高粱生长发育、产量及籽粒硒含量的影响[J].农学学报, 2016, 6(10): 12-15.
[9]王玉凤, 徐暄, 孙其文. 硒浸种对番茄种子萌发的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2009, 48(10): 2461-2463.
[10]何士敏, 秦家顺, 吴刚. 硒浸种对大豆种子萌发的生理生化效应[J].大豆科学, 2011, 30(1): 158-160,163.
[11]张华华, 李航宇, 秦少伟, 等. 硒浸种对绿豆芽用特性及营养品质的影响[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2015, 36(8): 1-4.
[12]宋家永, 李敬光, 王永华, 等. 喷施硒肥对小麦生理特性、子粒硒含量的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2005,39(2): 139-142.
[13]李向阳, 刘立军, 胡一鸿. 叶面喷施硒对水稻幼苗生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(20): 9414-9415.
[14]Djanaguiraman M, Prasad P V V, Seppanen M. Selenium protects sorghum leaves from oxidative damage under high temperature stress by enhancing antioxidant defense system[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2010, 48(12): 999-1007.
[15]Smrkolj P, Stibilj V, Kreft I, et al. Selenium species in buckwheat cultivated with foliar addition of Se(VI) and various levels of UV-B radiation[J]. Food Chemistry, 2006, 96(4): 675-681.
[16]Ekanayake L J, Thavarajah D, Vial E, et al. Selenium fertilization on lentil(Lens culinaris, Medikus)grain yield, seed selenium concentration and antioxidant activity[J]. Field Crops Research, 2015, 177: 9-14.
[17]杨德平, 周成河, 饶莉, 等. 玉米籽粒含硒量与土壤硒的关系及施硒肥的富硒效应[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2015, 43(33): 195-196.
[18]穆婷婷, 杜慧玲, 景小兰, 等. 外源硒对谷子产量因子及硒含量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2017(1): 73-78.
[19]Wang Y D, Wang X, Wong Y S. Generation of selenium-enriched rice with enhanced grain yield, selenium content and bioavailability through fertilisation with selenite[J]. Food Chemistry, 2013, 141(3): 2385-2393.
[20]吴军, 刘秀芳, 徐汉生. 硒在植物生命活动中的作用[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 1999,35(5): 417-423.
[21]Lyons G H, Genc Y, Soole K, et al. Selenium increases seed production in Brassica[J]. Plant and Soil, 2009, 318(1-2): 73-80.
[22]Xue T, Hartikainen H, Piironen V. Antioxidative and growth-promoting effect of selenium on senescing lettuce[J]. Plant and Soil, 2001, 237(1): 55-61.
[23]Marja Turakainen, Helina Hartikainen, Mervi M Seppanen. Effects of selenium treatments on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and concentrations of soluble sugars and starch[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004, 52(17): 5378-5382.
[24]邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1990:47-66.
[25]Sun M, Liu G J, Wu Q H. Speciation of organic and inorganic selenium in selenium-enriched rice by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction[J]. Food Chemistry. 2013, 141(1), 66-71.
[26]Ashraf M A, Akbar A, Parveen A, et al. Phenological application of selenium differentially improves growth, oxidative defense and ion homeostasis in maize under salinity stress[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 123: 268.
[27]穆婷婷, 杜慧玲, 张福耀,等. 外源硒对谷子生理特性、硒含量及其产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(1): 51-63.
[28]朱智慧. 施硒对苦荞抗衰老生理和硒含量的影响[D]. 太谷:山西农业大学, 2015.
[29]周大寨, 朱玉昌, 张驰, 等. 硒浸种对芸豆种子萌发的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报(自然科学版), 2007,25(1): 91-93.
[30]翟红强, 赵会杰. 硒对花生抗氧化作用的初步研究[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2007,29(1): 58-62.
[31]葛红霞. 富硒大豆的研究进展[J]. 大豆科技, 2017(2): 32-35.
[32]郑淑华, 赵秋香, 李榕. 叶面喷施有机硒对大豆不同器官吸收Cd、Pb的影响[J]. 广州化工, 2014, 42(12): 150-152,222.
[33]陈金, 潘根兴, 李正文, 等. 不同硒水平下两种大豆对土壤中硒吸收积累的生育期动态[J]. 大豆科学, 2003,22(4): 278-282.
[34]杨玉玲, 刘元英. 富硒大豆中硒的分布研究[J]. 大豆科学, 2014, 33(4): 610-612.
[35]薛泰麟, 侯少范, 谭见安, 等. 硒在高等植物体内的抗氧化作用 Ⅰ. 硒对过氧化作用的抑制效应及酶促机制的探讨[J]. 科学通报, 1993,38(3): 274-277.
[36]张桂英, 周乐文. 叶面喷施硒肥对水稻含硒量影响初探[J]. 新疆农业科技, 2008(2): 18.
[37]刘大会, 周文兵, 朱端卫, 等.硒在植物中生理功能的研究进展[J]. 山地农业生物学报, 2005, 24(3): 253-259.
[38]Deng X, Liu K, Li M, et al. Difference of selenium uptake and distribution in the plant and selenium form in the grains of rice with foliar spray of selenite or selenate at different stages[J]. Field Crops Research, 2017, 211:165-171.
[39]冶军, 单维东, 褚贵新. 叶面喷施硒肥对大豆产量和质量效应的初步研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2009, 46(3): 506-509.
[2]Oliveira A P D, Nomura C S, Naozuka J, et al. Evaluation of selenium enrichment of adzuki bean(Vignaangularis)sprouts: Translocation, bioaccessibility and Se-protein speciation[J]. Microchemical Journal, 2017, 134:19-26.
[3]覃爱苗, 唐平, 余卫平. 硒在植物中的生物学效应[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2011, 42(10): 6-11.
[4]张志清. 优质小杂粮——英国红芸豆[J]. 农村百事通, 2009(7): 32,89.
[5]唐玉霞, 王慧敏, 吕英华, 等. 硒肥浸种对小麦生长发育及产量和籽粒含硒量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2010, 30(4): 731-734.
[6]赵春梅, 曹启民, 唐群峰, 等. 植物富硒规律的研究进展[J]. 热带农业科学, 2010, 30(7): 82-86.
[7]冯魁, 马艳明, 田新年, 等.亚硒酸钠浸种对春小麦种子萌发特性的研究[J].种子, 2017, 36(9): 39-43.
[8]史丽娟, 白文斌, 曹昌林, 等. 亚硒酸钠浸种对高粱生长发育、产量及籽粒硒含量的影响[J].农学学报, 2016, 6(10): 12-15.
[9]王玉凤, 徐暄, 孙其文. 硒浸种对番茄种子萌发的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2009, 48(10): 2461-2463.
[10]何士敏, 秦家顺, 吴刚. 硒浸种对大豆种子萌发的生理生化效应[J].大豆科学, 2011, 30(1): 158-160,163.
[11]张华华, 李航宇, 秦少伟, 等. 硒浸种对绿豆芽用特性及营养品质的影响[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2015, 36(8): 1-4.
[12]宋家永, 李敬光, 王永华, 等. 喷施硒肥对小麦生理特性、子粒硒含量的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2005,39(2): 139-142.
[13]李向阳, 刘立军, 胡一鸿. 叶面喷施硒对水稻幼苗生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(20): 9414-9415.
[14]Djanaguiraman M, Prasad P V V, Seppanen M. Selenium protects sorghum leaves from oxidative damage under high temperature stress by enhancing antioxidant defense system[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2010, 48(12): 999-1007.
[15]Smrkolj P, Stibilj V, Kreft I, et al. Selenium species in buckwheat cultivated with foliar addition of Se(VI) and various levels of UV-B radiation[J]. Food Chemistry, 2006, 96(4): 675-681.
[16]Ekanayake L J, Thavarajah D, Vial E, et al. Selenium fertilization on lentil(Lens culinaris, Medikus)grain yield, seed selenium concentration and antioxidant activity[J]. Field Crops Research, 2015, 177: 9-14.
[17]杨德平, 周成河, 饶莉, 等. 玉米籽粒含硒量与土壤硒的关系及施硒肥的富硒效应[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2015, 43(33): 195-196.
[18]穆婷婷, 杜慧玲, 景小兰, 等. 外源硒对谷子产量因子及硒含量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2017(1): 73-78.
[19]Wang Y D, Wang X, Wong Y S. Generation of selenium-enriched rice with enhanced grain yield, selenium content and bioavailability through fertilisation with selenite[J]. Food Chemistry, 2013, 141(3): 2385-2393.
[20]吴军, 刘秀芳, 徐汉生. 硒在植物生命活动中的作用[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 1999,35(5): 417-423.
[21]Lyons G H, Genc Y, Soole K, et al. Selenium increases seed production in Brassica[J]. Plant and Soil, 2009, 318(1-2): 73-80.
[22]Xue T, Hartikainen H, Piironen V. Antioxidative and growth-promoting effect of selenium on senescing lettuce[J]. Plant and Soil, 2001, 237(1): 55-61.
[23]Marja Turakainen, Helina Hartikainen, Mervi M Seppanen. Effects of selenium treatments on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and concentrations of soluble sugars and starch[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004, 52(17): 5378-5382.
[24]邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1990:47-66.
[25]Sun M, Liu G J, Wu Q H. Speciation of organic and inorganic selenium in selenium-enriched rice by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction[J]. Food Chemistry. 2013, 141(1), 66-71.
[26]Ashraf M A, Akbar A, Parveen A, et al. Phenological application of selenium differentially improves growth, oxidative defense and ion homeostasis in maize under salinity stress[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 123: 268.
[27]穆婷婷, 杜慧玲, 张福耀,等. 外源硒对谷子生理特性、硒含量及其产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(1): 51-63.
[28]朱智慧. 施硒对苦荞抗衰老生理和硒含量的影响[D]. 太谷:山西农业大学, 2015.
[29]周大寨, 朱玉昌, 张驰, 等. 硒浸种对芸豆种子萌发的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报(自然科学版), 2007,25(1): 91-93.
[30]翟红强, 赵会杰. 硒对花生抗氧化作用的初步研究[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2007,29(1): 58-62.
[31]葛红霞. 富硒大豆的研究进展[J]. 大豆科技, 2017(2): 32-35.
[32]郑淑华, 赵秋香, 李榕. 叶面喷施有机硒对大豆不同器官吸收Cd、Pb的影响[J]. 广州化工, 2014, 42(12): 150-152,222.
[33]陈金, 潘根兴, 李正文, 等. 不同硒水平下两种大豆对土壤中硒吸收积累的生育期动态[J]. 大豆科学, 2003,22(4): 278-282.
[34]杨玉玲, 刘元英. 富硒大豆中硒的分布研究[J]. 大豆科学, 2014, 33(4): 610-612.
[35]薛泰麟, 侯少范, 谭见安, 等. 硒在高等植物体内的抗氧化作用 Ⅰ. 硒对过氧化作用的抑制效应及酶促机制的探讨[J]. 科学通报, 1993,38(3): 274-277.
[36]张桂英, 周乐文. 叶面喷施硒肥对水稻含硒量影响初探[J]. 新疆农业科技, 2008(2): 18.
[37]刘大会, 周文兵, 朱端卫, 等.硒在植物中生理功能的研究进展[J]. 山地农业生物学报, 2005, 24(3): 253-259.
[38]Deng X, Liu K, Li M, et al. Difference of selenium uptake and distribution in the plant and selenium form in the grains of rice with foliar spray of selenite or selenate at different stages[J]. Field Crops Research, 2017, 211:165-171.
[39]冶军, 单维东, 褚贵新. 叶面喷施硒肥对大豆产量和质量效应的初步研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2009, 46(3): 506-509.