淄博市外环境禽流感病毒监测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解淄博市首例人感染H7N9禽流感后涉禽外环境中禽流感病毒的污染情况,为人感染H7N9禽流感疫情的防控提供依据。方法采集全市各区县城乡活禽市场等涉禽外环境的环境标本213份,采用实时荧光定量PCR对甲型通用流感病毒、H5、H7、H9等禽流感亚型进行核酸检测。结果全市共采集外环境标本213份,流感病毒A型阳性率为12.69%,阳性标本中H9和H7的阳性较高,分别为59.26%和25.93%;不同标本类型,清洗禽类的污水(25.00%)和宰杀或摆放禽类案板表面擦拭标本(17.14%)阳性率较高;监测场所中城乡活禽市场的阳性率最高;不同区县中张店区阳性率最高,检出H7亚型的区县为张店区、临淄区、周村区。结论淄博市大部分区县外环境中均检出禽流感病毒,从事禽类宰杀加工的人员对禽流感病毒有较高的暴露风险,需加强健康宣传,同时应加强对城乡活禽市场的监测。
Objective To understand the pollution situation of avian influenza virus in the environment of Zibo after the first human infection with avian influenza H7 N9,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of human infection by H7N9 virus. Methods 213 specimens from live poultry farms and market environment were detected using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method for the nucleic acid detection of AIV,H5,H7 and H9. Results A total of 213 environmental samples were collected and tested,and the positive rate of avian influenza virus was 12. 69%. The positive rate of H9(59. 26%) and H7(25. 93%). The samples with higher positive rate was poultry cleaning waste(25. 00%) and meat chopping board surface swabs(17. 14%). The positive rate of urban and rural live poultry was the highest in the monitoring sites. The highest positive rate was in Zhangdian District from different districts and counties. The districts and counties where H7 subtype were detected were Zhangdian District,Linzi District and Zhoucun District. Conclusion Avian flu viruses were detected in most outside environments of districts,counties in Zibo. Persons engaged in poultry slaughter and processing have a higher risk of exposure to avian flu viruses,and to strengthen health promotion is of need. At the same time,monitoring of the urban and rural live poultry markets should be strengthened.
Objective To understand the pollution situation of avian influenza virus in the environment of Zibo after the first human infection with avian influenza H7 N9,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of human infection by H7N9 virus. Methods 213 specimens from live poultry farms and market environment were detected using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method for the nucleic acid detection of AIV,H5,H7 and H9. Results A total of 213 environmental samples were collected and tested,and the positive rate of avian influenza virus was 12. 69%. The positive rate of H9(59. 26%) and H7(25. 93%). The samples with higher positive rate was poultry cleaning waste(25. 00%) and meat chopping board surface swabs(17. 14%). The positive rate of urban and rural live poultry was the highest in the monitoring sites. The highest positive rate was in Zhangdian District from different districts and counties. The districts and counties where H7 subtype were detected were Zhangdian District,Linzi District and Zhoucun District. Conclusion Avian flu viruses were detected in most outside environments of districts,counties in Zibo. Persons engaged in poultry slaughter and processing have a higher risk of exposure to avian flu viruses,and to strengthen health promotion is of need. At the same time,monitoring of the urban and rural live poultry markets should be strengthened.
引文
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[13]Lau EH,Leung YH,Zhang LJ,et al.Effect of interventions on influenza A(H9N2)isolation in Hong Kong’s live poultry markets,1999-2005[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2007,13(9):1340-1347.
[14]朱碧柳,麦炜,邓鸿,等.广东省肇庆市怀集县人感染H7N9禽流感流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(9):696-699.
[15]Leung YH,Lau EH,Zhang LJ,et al.Avian influenza and ban on overnight poultry storage in live poultry markets,Hong Kong[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2012,18(8):1339-1341.
[2]任瑞琦,周蕾,向妮娟,等.中国内地人感染H7N9禽流感疫情流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(12):1362-1365.
[3]曾玫,朱燕凤,葛艳玲,等.中国确诊的首例儿童H7N9禽流感[J].中华儿科杂志,2013,51(9):665-669.
[4]刘琳琳,叶国军,江永忠,等.2013-2014年湖北省外环境中禽流感病毒污染情况[J].微生物与感染,2016,11(3):159-164.
[5]黄朝华,饶贵平,邹喆.贺州市2010年-2015年禽流感环境监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2016,26(18):2697-2699.
[6]Kang M,He JF,Song T,et al.Environmental sampling for avian influenza A(H7N9)in live-poultry markets in Guangdong,China[J].PLo S ONE,2015,10(5):126-335.
[7]Song R,Cheng J.Recognize the avian influenza A virus H7N9[J].J Capital Med University,2013,34(3):475-478.
[8]Li J,Chen J,Yang G,et al.Case-control study of risk factors for human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9)virus in Shanghai,China,2013[J].Epidemiol Infect,2015,143(9):1826-1832.
[9]Liu B,Havers F,Chen EF,et al.Risk factors for influenza A(H7N9)disease-China,2013[J].Clin Infect Dis,2014,59(6):787-794.
[10]刘伟,马利君,颜丙新,等.济宁市2013-2014年活禽市场外环境禽流感监测分析[J].应用预防医学,2015,21(6):396-399.
[11]Yu H,Wu JT,Cowling BJ,et al.Effect of closure of live poultry markets on poultry-to-person transmission of avian influenza A H7N9 virus:an ecological study[J].Lancet,2014,383(9916):541-548.
[12]Kung NY,Guan Y,Perkins NR,et al.The impact of a monthly rest day on avian influenza virus isolation rates in retail live poultry markets in Hong Kong[J].Avian Dis,2003,47(3):1037-1041.
[13]Lau EH,Leung YH,Zhang LJ,et al.Effect of interventions on influenza A(H9N2)isolation in Hong Kong’s live poultry markets,1999-2005[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2007,13(9):1340-1347.
[14]朱碧柳,麦炜,邓鸿,等.广东省肇庆市怀集县人感染H7N9禽流感流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(9):696-699.
[15]Leung YH,Lau EH,Zhang LJ,et al.Avian influenza and ban on overnight poultry storage in live poultry markets,Hong Kong[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2012,18(8):1339-1341.