2012—2016年贺州市农村集中式供水水质微生物指标分析
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摘要
目的了解贺州市农村集中式供水水质微生物指标污染形势,探讨相关改进和防治措施,为提高农村集中式供水微生物指标的质量提供科学依据。方法按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)对2012—2016年贺州市429处农村集中式供水1 716份水质样品进行微生物指标监测,统计分析不同条件对水质微生物指标的影响。结果 1 716份农村集中式供水水质微生物指标合格率为35.90%,在水处理工艺和水源类型种类不同集中式供水微生物指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2012—2016年贺州市农村集中式供水水质微生物指标合格率年度变化趋势参差不全。结论微生物指标同合格率与集中式供水水处理工艺的方式和水源类型等的种类因素有关,研究显示要提高农村集中式供水水质,特别是微生物指标的合格率,应完善水质净化消毒工艺和设施,加强水源的卫生防护力度,同时大力普及农村卫生健康教育,以保障农村居民饮水安全。
Objectives To investigate the status of microbial contamination in drinking water from rural centralized water supplies in Hezhou and explore relevant prevention measures to provide scientific basis for improving water quality from rural centralized water supplies. Methods Microbiological indicators were tested for 1 716 water samples collected in 2012—2016 from 429 rural centralized water supply projects in Hezhou according to the method of( Standard examination method for drinking water) GB/T 5750-2006. The result of microbiological indicators in water samples under different condition were analyzed statistically. Results The qualified rate of all microbiological indicators in 1 716 water samples was 35. 90%,which was statistically different among centralized water supplies with different water treatment processes and from various water source types( P < 0. 001). The qualified rate of central supplied water based on microbiological indicators was irregular in Hezhou in 2012─2016. Conclusions The qualified rate of central supplied water based on microbiological indicators was related to water source type and treatment process. It suggests that in order to improve the quality of rural central supplied water,especially the qualification rate of microbiological index,improving the purification and disinfection technology and facilities,strengthening the hygienic protection of water sources,and promoting health education in rural areas were needed to guarantee the safety of drinking water for rural residents.
Objectives To investigate the status of microbial contamination in drinking water from rural centralized water supplies in Hezhou and explore relevant prevention measures to provide scientific basis for improving water quality from rural centralized water supplies. Methods Microbiological indicators were tested for 1 716 water samples collected in 2012—2016 from 429 rural centralized water supply projects in Hezhou according to the method of( Standard examination method for drinking water) GB/T 5750-2006. The result of microbiological indicators in water samples under different condition were analyzed statistically. Results The qualified rate of all microbiological indicators in 1 716 water samples was 35. 90%,which was statistically different among centralized water supplies with different water treatment processes and from various water source types( P < 0. 001). The qualified rate of central supplied water based on microbiological indicators was irregular in Hezhou in 2012─2016. Conclusions The qualified rate of central supplied water based on microbiological indicators was related to water source type and treatment process. It suggests that in order to improve the quality of rural central supplied water,especially the qualification rate of microbiological index,improving the purification and disinfection technology and facilities,strengthening the hygienic protection of water sources,and promoting health education in rural areas were needed to guarantee the safety of drinking water for rural residents.
引文
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[8]赫永虎,李梅基,张晓梅,等.2011—2015年某市农村饮水微生物指标分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(6):449-452.(In English:Hao YH,Li MJ,Zhang XM,et al.Analysis on the monitored results of microbial indicators in rural drinking water of a city from2011 to 2015[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(6):449-452.)
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[10]陈帅,吴传业,黄涛,等.湖南省农村集中式供水末梢水微生物指标分析[J].实用预防医学,2012,19(5):698-700.(In English:Chen S,Wu CY,Huang T,et al.Analysis of microbial indexes in peripheral water of rural centralized water supply in Hunan province[J].Pract Prev Med,2012,19(5):698-700.)
[11]王金玉,李盛,余加琳,等.兰州市农村集中式供水卫生现状调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(5):417-419.(In English:Wang JY,Li S,Yu JL,et al.Actuality of sanitation of centralized water supply in rural areas in Lanzhou,Gansu[J].J Environ Health,2011,28(5):417-419.)
[12]罗苹,叶临湘.农村饮水水质状况分析与对策[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2005,16(6):49-51.(In English:Luo P,Ye LX.Analysis and management of the quality of drinking water in rural area[J].J Pub Health Prev Med,2005,16(6):49-51.)
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T5750–2006生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.(In English:The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T 5750-2006 Standard examination methods for drinking water[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2007.)
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.(In English:The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB 5749-2006 Standards for drinking water quality[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2007.)
[4]金银龙,鄂学礼,张岚.GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》释义[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5]黄江平,唐振柱,钟格梅,等.2008—2012年广西农村集中式供水水质微生物监测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2014,20(3):137-141.(In English:Huang JP,Tang ZZ,Zhong GM,et al.Analysis of microorganism surveillence in rural centralized water supplies in Guangxi Province during 2008-2012[J].J Appl Prev Med,2014,20(3):137-141.)
[6]杨克敌.环境卫生学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:160.
[7]钟格梅,唐振柱,黎勇,等.广西乡镇水厂供水卫生现状及其影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2010,17(9):1731-1734.(In English:Zhong GM,Tang ZZ,Li Y,et al.Current status of water supply sanitation and analysis on influencing factors of township water plants in Guangxi in 2009[J].Pract Prev Med,2010,17(9):1731-1734.)
[8]赫永虎,李梅基,张晓梅,等.2011—2015年某市农村饮水微生物指标分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(6):449-452.(In English:Hao YH,Li MJ,Zhang XM,et al.Analysis on the monitored results of microbial indicators in rural drinking water of a city from2011 to 2015[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(6):449-452.)
[9]李树猷.农村饮用水水源的选择与保护[J].中国农村医学,1988(8):22-23.
[10]陈帅,吴传业,黄涛,等.湖南省农村集中式供水末梢水微生物指标分析[J].实用预防医学,2012,19(5):698-700.(In English:Chen S,Wu CY,Huang T,et al.Analysis of microbial indexes in peripheral water of rural centralized water supply in Hunan province[J].Pract Prev Med,2012,19(5):698-700.)
[11]王金玉,李盛,余加琳,等.兰州市农村集中式供水卫生现状调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(5):417-419.(In English:Wang JY,Li S,Yu JL,et al.Actuality of sanitation of centralized water supply in rural areas in Lanzhou,Gansu[J].J Environ Health,2011,28(5):417-419.)
[12]罗苹,叶临湘.农村饮水水质状况分析与对策[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2005,16(6):49-51.(In English:Luo P,Ye LX.Analysis and management of the quality of drinking water in rural area[J].J Pub Health Prev Med,2005,16(6):49-51.)