2014-2017年陕西汉中市市售食品中食源性致病菌污染状况监测与分析
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摘要
目的了解和掌握汉中市市售食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,提高对食源性疾病的预警和控制能力。方法2014-2017年汉中市共采集20类食品样品,共950份。按照国家标准方法和食源性致病菌监测工作手册对11种食源性致病菌进行分离与鉴定。结果 950份食品中共检出致病菌205株,总检出率21. 58%。检出9种致病菌,其中弯曲菌检出率最高(24. 00%),其次分别为蜡样芽胞杆菌(23. 18%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(10. 27%)、单增李斯特菌(6. 34%)、沙门氏菌(5. 68%)、致泻大肠埃希氏菌(5. 00%)、霍乱弧菌(2. 69%)、副溶血弧菌(1. 71%)、创伤弧菌(0. 64%),阪崎肠杆菌、小肠结肠耶尔森氏菌未检出。其中生禽肉食源性致病菌检出率最高(90. 91%),其次分别为调理肉制品(66. 67%)、流动早餐(56. 67%);在超市、农贸市场、餐饮环节、养殖环节、网店5类场所抽样食品中致病菌检出率分别为26. 67%、39. 74%、21. 62%、2. 12%、5. 88%。结论汉中市市售食品存在不同程度的食源性致病菌污染,建议加大对高风险食品的监测力度,加强监管,以有效防止食源性疾病的发生,确保消费者的食品安全。
Objective To understand and master the pollution condition of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in food in Hanzhong,and to improve early warning and control of food-borne diseases. Methods A total of 950 samples of 20 kinds were collected in Hanzhong City from 2014 to 2017. According to the national standard method and national food-borne pathogenic bacteria monitoring manual,11 kinds of food-borne pathogens were isolated and identified. Results A total of 205 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 950 samples and the total detection rate was 21. 58%. 9 kinds of foodborne pathogens were detected,among which the detection rate of Campylobacter was the highest( 24. 00%), followed by Bacillus cereus( 23. 18%), Staphylococcus aureus( 10. 27%),Listeria monocytogenes( 6. 34%),Salmonella( 5. 68%),diarrheogenic Escherica coli( 5. 00%),Vibrio cholerae( 2. 69%),Vibrio parahaemolyticus( 1. 71%),Vibrio vulnificus( 0. 64%). Enterobacter sakazakii and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected. Among them,the detertion rate of foodborne pathogennic bacteria in raw poultry was the highest( 90. 91%),followed by conditioning meat products( 66. 67%),flow of breakfast( 56. 67%). The detection rates of pathogenic bacteria in supermarkets,farmers' markets,food and beverage outlets,breeding links,and online stores were 26. 67%,39. 74%,21. 62%,2. 12%,and 5. 88%,respectively. Conclusion There are different levels of food-borne pathogen contamination in the foods sold in Hanzhong City. It is recommended to increase the monitoring of high-risk foods and strengthen supervision to effectively prevent foodborne diseases and ensure food safety for consumers.
Objective To understand and master the pollution condition of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in food in Hanzhong,and to improve early warning and control of food-borne diseases. Methods A total of 950 samples of 20 kinds were collected in Hanzhong City from 2014 to 2017. According to the national standard method and national food-borne pathogenic bacteria monitoring manual,11 kinds of food-borne pathogens were isolated and identified. Results A total of 205 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 950 samples and the total detection rate was 21. 58%. 9 kinds of foodborne pathogens were detected,among which the detection rate of Campylobacter was the highest( 24. 00%), followed by Bacillus cereus( 23. 18%), Staphylococcus aureus( 10. 27%),Listeria monocytogenes( 6. 34%),Salmonella( 5. 68%),diarrheogenic Escherica coli( 5. 00%),Vibrio cholerae( 2. 69%),Vibrio parahaemolyticus( 1. 71%),Vibrio vulnificus( 0. 64%). Enterobacter sakazakii and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected. Among them,the detertion rate of foodborne pathogennic bacteria in raw poultry was the highest( 90. 91%),followed by conditioning meat products( 66. 67%),flow of breakfast( 56. 67%). The detection rates of pathogenic bacteria in supermarkets,farmers' markets,food and beverage outlets,breeding links,and online stores were 26. 67%,39. 74%,21. 62%,2. 12%,and 5. 88%,respectively. Conclusion There are different levels of food-borne pathogen contamination in the foods sold in Hanzhong City. It is recommended to increase the monitoring of high-risk foods and strengthen supervision to effectively prevent foodborne diseases and ensure food safety for consumers.
引文
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[12]薛峰,栾军,张小荣,等. 2006-2008年江苏地区不同宿主感染空肠弯曲菌及其耐药性[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2009,25(12):1206-1209.
[13]宋悦红,胡秀杰. 2012年安阳市食品中食源性致病菌污染状况检测及结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(1):58-60.
[14]宋筱瑜,裴晓燕,徐海滨,等.我国零售食品单增李斯特菌污染的健康风险分级研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(4):447-450.
[15]滕勇勇,王琪,吴雷,等.致病性弧菌的生物学特性和致病因子研究进展[J].热带医学杂志,2014,14(10):1396-1398.
[2]黄兆勇,唐振柱.食源性疾病的流行和监测现状[J].实用预防医学,2012,18(2):125-128.
[3]赵怀龙,付留杰,唐功臣.我国主要的食源性致病菌[J].医学动物防制,2012,28(11):1212-1216.
[4]陈慧中,杨楠,刘博.沈阳市2011-2012年食品中食源性致病菌监测分析[J].现在预防医学,2014,41(7):1184-1186.
[5]胡晓抒,袁宝君.食源性疾病的预防控制[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2005:2-7.
[6]陈劲华,方晔,陈黎,等. 2011年-2012年浙江省义乌市食品中食源性致病菌监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(8):1159-1161.
[7]秦丽云,吕国平,王苋,等.石家庄市2010年食源性致病菌主动监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2013,40(13):2415-2418.
[8]刘顺,孙强,罗瑜,等.鄂州市2012-2014年食源性致病菌的污染状况[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2015,42(10):1768-1771.
[9]林玫,周凌云,王鸣柳,等.广西空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌流行病学调查[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2012,28(11):1143-1147.
[10]卫生部. WS 271-2007感染性腹泻诊断标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[11]谢永强,周珍文,虢艳,等.广州地区儿童空肠弯曲菌感染的病原学研究[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11(6):422-424.
[12]薛峰,栾军,张小荣,等. 2006-2008年江苏地区不同宿主感染空肠弯曲菌及其耐药性[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2009,25(12):1206-1209.
[13]宋悦红,胡秀杰. 2012年安阳市食品中食源性致病菌污染状况检测及结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(1):58-60.
[14]宋筱瑜,裴晓燕,徐海滨,等.我国零售食品单增李斯特菌污染的健康风险分级研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(4):447-450.
[15]滕勇勇,王琪,吴雷,等.致病性弧菌的生物学特性和致病因子研究进展[J].热带医学杂志,2014,14(10):1396-1398.