北京市典型道路交通噪声排放特征
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摘要
采用北京市道路交通噪声自动监测系统2013—2017年采集的等效连续A声级数据,对城市快速路、城市主干线、城市次干线、城市支路的代表性站点噪声排放情况进行了统计分析,结果显示,北京市不同等级的道路噪声排放具备一定的特征,排放水平从大到小依次为城市快速路>城市主干线>城市支路和城市次干线,道路噪声随时间变化存在较为一致的周期性排放特征,24 h变化特征比较明显。个别道路排放特征存在特异性,如城市主干线道路的一个代表监测站点噪声监测值出现了逐年下降趋势,分析发现,北京市非首都功能疏解对其噪声值的下降有一定贡献。采取一定的规划和管理措施有助于减少道路交通噪声的排放。
Based on the equivalent continuous sound level A data collected by the Beijing road traffic noise automatic monitoring system in 2013-2017, the statistical analysis of data from representative site as urban expressway, urban main road, urban secondary road and city slip road was carried out. The results showed that the Leq of different grades of road in Beijing had certain characteristics. The size of the discharge level in turn was the urban expressway, the urban main road, the city slip road and the secondary road, and the road noise fluctuated with time. 24-hour variation of noise was more obvious. The characteristics of individual road emission characteristics were specific, such as noise in one of the city main roads appeared declining trend, which may be due to non-capital function ease. Taking certain planning and management measures may help reduce road traffic noise emissions.
Based on the equivalent continuous sound level A data collected by the Beijing road traffic noise automatic monitoring system in 2013-2017, the statistical analysis of data from representative site as urban expressway, urban main road, urban secondary road and city slip road was carried out. The results showed that the Leq of different grades of road in Beijing had certain characteristics. The size of the discharge level in turn was the urban expressway, the urban main road, the city slip road and the secondary road, and the road noise fluctuated with time. 24-hour variation of noise was more obvious. The characteristics of individual road emission characteristics were specific, such as noise in one of the city main roads appeared declining trend, which may be due to non-capital function ease. Taking certain planning and management measures may help reduce road traffic noise emissions.
引文
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[2] 闫靓,郝夏影,陈克安.城市道路交通噪声烦恼度社会调查[J].应用声学,2009,28(4):300-307.YAN Liang,HAO Xiaying,CHEN Kean.A Social Survey on the Community Annoyance with Urban Road Traffic Noise[J].Applied Acoustics,2009,28(4):300-307.
[3] 张美花.楚雄市城区交通噪声污染分析及其减控措施[J].环境科学导刊,2016,35(5):70-73.ZHANG Meihua.Analysis of Traffic Noise Pollution and Its Control Measures in Chuxiong City[J].Environmental Science Survey,2016,35(5):70-73.
[4] 汪赟,魏峻山,张守斌,等.测点高度对道路交通噪声监测数据的影响[J].中国环境监测,2014(3):97-100.WANG Yun,WEI Junshan,ZHANG Shoubin,et al.Influence of Measuring-Point Height on Road Traffic Noise Monitoring Data[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2014(3):97-100.
[5] 徐辉,徐谦,刘嘉林.北京市黄标车禁行对市区道路交通噪声的影响分析[J].环境监控与预警,2011,3(2):38-41.XU Hui,XU Qian,LIU Jialin.Traffic Noise Analysis with the Measure on Lay-Off of Yellow-Tag Vehicles in Beijing[J].Enviromental Monitoring and Forewarning,2011,3(2):38-41.
[6] 李文君,张金艳,张朋,等.道路交通噪声自动监测应用探讨[J].环境监测管理与技术,2010,22(2):67-69.LI Wenjun,ZHANG Jinyan,ZHANG Peng,et al.Application and Discussion of Traffic Noise Automatic Monitoring[J].The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring,2010,22(2):67-69.
[7] 王宇新.哈尔滨市道路交通噪声时空分布与自动监测方案研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012,49-54.
[8] 丁佳敏,陈丽梅,徐劼.嘉兴市交通噪声污染的分析与防治建议[J].噪声与振动控制,2013(1):162-167.
[9] 刘砚华.噪声自动监测系统与应用研究[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2012.
[10] 北京市交通委员会.市交通委谈“城市道路养护作业”[EB/OL].(2013-09-11)[2017-08-21].http://www.bjjtw.gov.cn/zmhd/zxft/wqhg/201309/t20130911_56456.html.
[11] 李宪同,刘砚华,王赟,等.基于自动监测系统的道路交通车流量与声级研究[J].环境科技,2012,25(4):23-25.LI Xiantong,LIU Yanhua,WANG Yun,et al.Study of Road Traffic Vehicle Flow and Noise Level Based on the Automatic Monitoring System[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2012,25(4):23-25.
[12] 张继萍,阎浩,周晞噜,鸟鸣声与道路交通噪声的生物环境声学研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2013(增刊1):52-57.ZHANG Jiping,YAN Hao,ZHOU Xilu,et al.Biological Environmental Acoustics on the Investigations for Birds Sing with Road Traffic Noise[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2013(Supplement 1):52-57.
[13] 许迅雷.西安市农村人口城镇化的环境噪声评价研究[J].西安文理学院学报:自然科学版,2014(3):108-112.XU Xunlei.Environmental Noise Evaluation in the Urbanization of the Rural Population in Xi’an City[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Arts and Science: Natural Science Edition,2014(3):108-112.
[14] 蔡铭,高慧敏,吕梓燊.2014年广州市道路交通噪声监测与趋势分析[J].环境工程,2016,34(4):132-137.CAI Ming,GAO Huimin,LV Zishen,et al.Monitoring and Trend Analysis of Guangzhou Road Traffic Noise in 2014[J].Environmental Engineering,2016,34(4):132-137.
[15] 北京市丰台区统计局.2016年丰台区常住人口实现拐点[EB/OL].(2017-01-19)[2017-08-21].http://www.ft.bjstats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjfx/19386.htm.
[16] 北京市丰台区人民政府.明年将完成大红门地区45家市场疏解[EB/OL].(2016-11-04)[2017-08-21].http://www.bjft.gov.cn/n_shownews.html 196399 /XWPD/SZ/.