固体密实充填开采覆岩损伤范围分析
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摘要
为了能够科学地预计固体密实充填开采的覆岩损伤范围,在建立合理的损伤范围预计公式的过程中需要考虑的主要因素包括覆岩结构形态演化规律和岩层移动特征。相似材料模拟试验和现场钻孔窥视揭示:固体密实充填开采的覆岩以完整层状结构的弯曲带为主要形态,仅在近顶板附近覆岩会发育有一定高度的断裂带,垮落现象不会出现。在较系统地分析充填开采岩层移动的等价采高理论基础上,利用简化的平面力学模型及弹性力学知识,推导了固体密实充填开采覆岩损伤高度的计算公式。通过实例分析,将建立的覆岩损伤高度计算公式应用于某工程实例,取得了良好的效果,可对地下矿体安全回采、地表建筑物安全运营提供参考。
In order to scientifically predict the coverage of overburden damage in solid compacted backfilling mining,the key factors to be considered in the process of establishing a reasonable damage range prediction formula include the evolution law of overburden structure and the movement characteristics of rock stratum.The similar material simulation tests and on-site drilling peep reveal that the overburden of solid compacted backfilling mining is dominated by the curved zone of the complete layered structure,and only a fracture zone with a certain height will develop near the roof,and the collapse will not occur.Based on the systematical analysis of the equivalent mining height theory of strata movement in backfilling mining,the simplified plane mechanics model and elastic mechanics knowledge were used to derive the calculation formula of the height of overburden damage in solid compacted backfilling mining.Through an example analysis,the calculation formula of the overburden damage height established was applied to an engineering example and good results had been obtained.The research results can provide a reference for the safe mining of underground ore bodies and the safe operation of surface buildings.
In order to scientifically predict the coverage of overburden damage in solid compacted backfilling mining,the key factors to be considered in the process of establishing a reasonable damage range prediction formula include the evolution law of overburden structure and the movement characteristics of rock stratum.The similar material simulation tests and on-site drilling peep reveal that the overburden of solid compacted backfilling mining is dominated by the curved zone of the complete layered structure,and only a fracture zone with a certain height will develop near the roof,and the collapse will not occur.Based on the systematical analysis of the equivalent mining height theory of strata movement in backfilling mining,the simplified plane mechanics model and elastic mechanics knowledge were used to derive the calculation formula of the height of overburden damage in solid compacted backfilling mining.Through an example analysis,the calculation formula of the overburden damage height established was applied to an engineering example and good results had been obtained.The research results can provide a reference for the safe mining of underground ore bodies and the safe operation of surface buildings.
引文
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[11]陈庆发,牛文静,刘严中,等.Knothe模型改进及充填开采岩层移动动态过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):250-256.CHEN Qingfa,NIU Wenjing,LIU Yanzhong.Improvement of Knothe model and analysis on dynamic evolution law of strata movement in fill mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):250-256.
[12]冯国瑞,闫勇敢,杨双锁,等.长壁开采上覆岩层损伤范围及上行开采的层间距分析[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1032-1036.FENG Guorui,YAN Yonggan,YANG Shuangsuo,et al.Analysis on the damage zone of overlying stata and safety layer distance on the upward mining above the longwall goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(8):1032-1036.
[13]中国矿业大学,济宁矿业集团有限公司兖州煤业股份有限公司,平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司.固体密实充填开采岩层控制理论与实践鉴定材料[R].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.China University of Mining&Technology,Jining Mining Group Co.,Ltd.Yanzhou Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co.,Ltd.Rock formation control theory and practice identification materials of mining with solid waste compacted filling[R].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2011.
[14]王磊.固体密实充填开采岩层移动机理及变形预测研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2012.WANG Lei.Study on strata movement mechanism and deformation prediction of coal mining with solid waste compacted filling[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2012.
[2]徐飞,何治良,褚洪涛,等.上向进路充填法在“三下”矿体开采中的应用[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2013,65(5):24-27.XU Fei,HE Zhiliang,CHU Hongtao,et al.Application of upward drift mining with backfilling under-threeobjects ore body mining[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mine Section),2013,65(5):24-27.
[3]卢央泽.金属矿山“三下”矿体开采[J].现代矿业,2015(5):27-12;40.LU Yangze.Under-three-objects ore body mining of metal mine[J].Modern Mining,2015(5):27-12;40.
[4]缪协兴,钱鸣高.中国煤炭资源绿色开采研究现状与展望[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(1):1-14.MIAO Xiexing,QIAN Minggao.Research on green mining of coal re-sources in China:current status and future prospects[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(1):1-14.
[5]张吉雄,缪协兴,郭广礼.矸石(固体废物)直接充填采煤技术发展现状[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):395-401.ZHANG Jixiong,MIAO Xiexing,GUO Guangli.Development status of backfilling technology using raw waste in coal mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,26(4):395-401.
[6]缪协兴,张吉雄,郭广礼.综合机械化固体充填采煤方法与技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):1-6.MIAO Xiexing,ZHANG Jixiong,FUO Guangli.Study on waste-filling method and technology in fullymechanized coal mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):1-6.
[7]李兴尚,许家林,朱卫兵,等.条带开采垮落区注浆充填技术的理论研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(11):1205-1210.LI Xingshang,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing,et al.Theoretical study on the backfill grouting in caving area with strip mining[J].Journa of China Coal Society,2008,33(11):1205-1210.
[8]R.Cowling.Twenty-five years of mine fillingdevelopments and directions[C]∥Sixth International Symposium on Mining with Backfill Brislane:April1998:3-10.
[9]徐惠.利用固体充填开采方法保护建筑群安全的研究[J].徐州工程学院学报(自然科学版),2012,27(1):52-57.XU Hui.Research on protecting the safety of buildings by using backfilling mining with solid[J].Journal of Xuzhou Institue of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,27(1):52-57.
[10]李杨.固体废弃物胶结充填开采上覆岩层移动影响分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增刊2):370-374.LI Yang.Overburden movement in solid waste rock cemented backfill mining methods[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(s2):370-374.
[11]陈庆发,牛文静,刘严中,等.Knothe模型改进及充填开采岩层移动动态过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):250-256.CHEN Qingfa,NIU Wenjing,LIU Yanzhong.Improvement of Knothe model and analysis on dynamic evolution law of strata movement in fill mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):250-256.
[12]冯国瑞,闫勇敢,杨双锁,等.长壁开采上覆岩层损伤范围及上行开采的层间距分析[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1032-1036.FENG Guorui,YAN Yonggan,YANG Shuangsuo,et al.Analysis on the damage zone of overlying stata and safety layer distance on the upward mining above the longwall goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(8):1032-1036.
[13]中国矿业大学,济宁矿业集团有限公司兖州煤业股份有限公司,平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司.固体密实充填开采岩层控制理论与实践鉴定材料[R].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.China University of Mining&Technology,Jining Mining Group Co.,Ltd.Yanzhou Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co.,Ltd.Rock formation control theory and practice identification materials of mining with solid waste compacted filling[R].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2011.
[14]王磊.固体密实充填开采岩层移动机理及变形预测研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2012.WANG Lei.Study on strata movement mechanism and deformation prediction of coal mining with solid waste compacted filling[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2012.