不同温湿度下几种软包装膜力学性能的研究
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摘要
根据我国南北方气候的差异,模拟3种试验环境,考察在不同的温、湿度使用环境下,评估其各项力学性能,为不同需求用户合理的选择包装材料提供参考意见。根据国家发布的最新方法标准进行各项力学性能测试,结合不同试验项目的试验数据,对不同种类薄膜的7个重要力学性能进行了研究。结果显示,在高温高湿试验环境下断裂伸长率、摩擦因数、水蒸气透过量、雾度、润湿张力均高于其他两种环境,最大测试数值分别为654.8%、0.633、13.8 g/(m~2·24 h)、5.8%、73 m·N/m;在低温低湿试验环境下拉伸强度、热收缩率均高于其他两种环境,最大测试数值分别为386.5 MPa、3.2%;表明每种薄膜在不同的性能测试中各有优劣,在日常使用中根据需求来选择。
Based on the difference of climate in the north and south parts of China, three types of test environments were simulated to evaluate the mechanical properties of several flexible packaging films under different conditions of temperature and humidity, and some suggestions were proposed for a reasonable choice of packaging materials for different users. According to the new national standard, seven important mechanical properties were selected to be measured in terms of different test items. The experimental results indicated that the elongation at break, friction coefficient, moisture permeability, fog and wetting tension obtained in a high temperature and humidity test environment were higher than those in the other two environments, showing the maximum test values were 654.8 %, 0.633, 13.8 g/(m~2·24 h), 5.8 % and 73 m·N/m, respectively. The tensile strength and the heat shrinkage rate achieved in a low temperature and humidity test environment were higher than those in the other two environments, exhibiting the maximum test values were 386.5 MPa and 3.2 %, respectively. Summarily, each type of films was found to present its own advantages and disadvantages in different performance tests, and the customers could select anyone according to their requirement in daily use.
Based on the difference of climate in the north and south parts of China, three types of test environments were simulated to evaluate the mechanical properties of several flexible packaging films under different conditions of temperature and humidity, and some suggestions were proposed for a reasonable choice of packaging materials for different users. According to the new national standard, seven important mechanical properties were selected to be measured in terms of different test items. The experimental results indicated that the elongation at break, friction coefficient, moisture permeability, fog and wetting tension obtained in a high temperature and humidity test environment were higher than those in the other two environments, showing the maximum test values were 654.8 %, 0.633, 13.8 g/(m~2·24 h), 5.8 % and 73 m·N/m, respectively. The tensile strength and the heat shrinkage rate achieved in a low temperature and humidity test environment were higher than those in the other two environments, exhibiting the maximum test values were 386.5 MPa and 3.2 %, respectively. Summarily, each type of films was found to present its own advantages and disadvantages in different performance tests, and the customers could select anyone according to their requirement in daily use.
引文
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[15] 赵波.量角法测电晕处理薄膜润湿张力[J].广东化工,2017,44(350):125-126. ZHAO B. Study of the Wetting Tension of Corona Treated Films Using Angular Method[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2017,44(350):125-126.
[2] JIN Y D. Design and Synthesis of Structurally Well-Defined Functional Polyolefins via Transition Metal-Mediated Olefin Polymerization Chemistry[J]. Journal of Fudan University (Natural Science), 2005,44(5):655-656.
[3] 王鹤,马克富,严巍,等.南北方温湿度差异对神华煤发热量检测结果的影响研究[J].煤质技术,2015,(3):28-31. WANG H,MA K F,YAN W, et al. Study on How the Temperature and Humidity Differences Between North and South Affected the Calorific Value of Shenhua Coal.[J]. Coal Quality Technology,2015,(3):28-31.
[4] 全国塑料标准化技术委员会.GB/T 1040.3—2006 塑料拉伸性能的测定第3部分:薄膜和薄片的试验条件[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[5] 全国塑料标准化技术委员会.GB/T 10006—1988 塑料薄膜和薄片摩擦因数测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[6] 全国塑料标准化技术委员会.GB/T 1037—1988 塑料薄膜和片材透水蒸气性试验方法杯式法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[7] 全国塑料标准化技术委员会.GB/T 2410—2008 透明塑料透光率和雾度的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[8] 全国塑料标准化技术委员会.GB/T 14216—2008 塑料膜和片润湿张力的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2008.
[9] 杨智能,张龙,李志刚. 塑料薄膜热收缩率测试方法[J].测量与检测技术,2012,39(8):70-73. YANG Z N,ZHANG L,LI Z G. The Testing Method of Heat Shrinkage of Plastic Film[J]. Measurement and Detection Technology,2012,39(8):70-73.
[10] 刘钊,万富,刘洋,等.不同材质食品包装用塑料袋阻透性研究[J].包装与食品机械,2012,30(6):26-28. LIU Z,WANG F,LIU Y, et al. Study on Permeability of Plastics with Different Materials for Food Packaging[J].Packaging and Food Machinery,2012,30(6):26-28.
[11] 陈景华,张翠.包装材料PVDC的阻隔性能及其应用[J].印刷工程,2009,(2):30-32. CHEN J H,ZHANG C. Barrier Properties and Applications of Packaging Material PVDC[J]. Printing Engineering,2009,(2):30-32.
[12] 董静,汤海鲲,康安福,等.降低丁苯透明抗冲树脂雾度的研究[J].塑料工业,2008,36(7):72-73. DONG J,TANG H K, KANG A F, et al.Study on Decrease of Haze of Impact Styrene-butadiene Transparent Resin[J].China Plastics Industry,2008,36(7):72-73.
[13] 张莉琼,陈珊,许境填,等.聚乙烯醇-魔芋葡甘聚糖包装膜透光率与雾度[J].包装工程,2016,37(15):84-88. ZHANG L Q, CHEN S, XU J T, et al. Light Transmittance and Haze of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)-Konjac Glucomannan Packaging Film[J].Packaging Engineering,2016,37(15):84-88.
[14] 吴富,任建伟,李葆勇,等.大型透明件透光率和雾度测量装置的研制[J].应用光学,2014,35(5):789-793. WU F, REN J W,LI B Y, et al.Meter for Luminous Transmittance and Haze of Large Transparent Component[J].Journal of Applied Optics, 2014,35(5):789-793.
[15] 赵波.量角法测电晕处理薄膜润湿张力[J].广东化工,2017,44(350):125-126. ZHAO B. Study of the Wetting Tension of Corona Treated Films Using Angular Method[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2017,44(350):125-126.