太子河本溪城区段水体中重金属分布特征及形态分析
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摘要
为了解太子河本溪城区段河流水体中重金属分布特性及形态特征,对城区段河流干支流中的重金属Zn,Pb,Cd,Cu,M n,Cr,Se的含量和分布状况进行了分析,并使用PHREEQC软件对重金属存在形态进行了模拟计算。结果表明:采样区河段7种重金属中污染较重的为Mn和Cr,平均值均超过国家地表水环境质量Ⅳ类标准(GB 3838-2002)。多元统计分析表明,7种重金属可以归为两个主成分,其中第一主成分PC-I(Mn,Cd,Se)主要受人为污染因素的影响;第二主成分PC-Ⅱ(Zn)主要受自然地质背景影响。重金属污染指数范围在28. 49—473. 76之间,表明采样区段部分水体的重金属污染程度已超过可接受水平。形态分析表明,在水体中7种重金属大多以胶体(Cu(OH)_2)或沉淀(ZnCO_3、PbCO_3、MnCO_3等)的形态存在,溶解态含量较低。本研究结果可为太子河本溪城区段水污染防治与河流水体修复提供参考。
In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and speciation of heavy metals in Taizi River flowing through Benxi urban area,the concentration and distribution of heavy metals including Zn,Pb,Cd,Cu,Mn,Cr,Se in the river were analyzed. At the same time,the speciations of heavy metals were simulated using PHREEQ software. The results show that Mn and Cr are more serious pollutants relative to the other five kinds of heavy metals due to their average concentrations exceeding the national surface water environmental quality standards IV(GB 3838-2002). Multivariate statistical analysis shows that the seven heavy metals can be classified into two principal components. More specifically,the first principal component i. e. PC-I including Mn,Cd and Se is mainly affected by anthropogenic pollution factors,while the second principal component i. e. PC-Ⅱ containing Zn is mainly influenced by natural geological background factors. Heavy metal pollution index(HPI) ranges from 28.49 to 473. 76,which indicates that the degrees of heavy metals pollution in some parts of the sampling area go beyond the acceptable level. The speciation analysis results show that the seven heavy metals in water exist mainly in the forms of colloform(Cu(OH)_2) or precipitate(ZnCO_3,PbCO_3,MnCO_3,et al) and the concentrations of dissolved forms are lower. The research conclusion can provide references for the water pollution control and river restoration in the Taizi River flowing through Benxi urban area.
In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and speciation of heavy metals in Taizi River flowing through Benxi urban area,the concentration and distribution of heavy metals including Zn,Pb,Cd,Cu,Mn,Cr,Se in the river were analyzed. At the same time,the speciations of heavy metals were simulated using PHREEQ software. The results show that Mn and Cr are more serious pollutants relative to the other five kinds of heavy metals due to their average concentrations exceeding the national surface water environmental quality standards IV(GB 3838-2002). Multivariate statistical analysis shows that the seven heavy metals can be classified into two principal components. More specifically,the first principal component i. e. PC-I including Mn,Cd and Se is mainly affected by anthropogenic pollution factors,while the second principal component i. e. PC-Ⅱ containing Zn is mainly influenced by natural geological background factors. Heavy metal pollution index(HPI) ranges from 28.49 to 473. 76,which indicates that the degrees of heavy metals pollution in some parts of the sampling area go beyond the acceptable level. The speciation analysis results show that the seven heavy metals in water exist mainly in the forms of colloform(Cu(OH)_2) or precipitate(ZnCO_3,PbCO_3,MnCO_3,et al) and the concentrations of dissolved forms are lower. The research conclusion can provide references for the water pollution control and river restoration in the Taizi River flowing through Benxi urban area.
引文
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[20]王俭,刘英华,于英潭,等.太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物重金属含量及生态风险评估[J].辽宁大学学报:自然科学版,2017,44(3):262-268.
[21]张亚丽,张依章,张远,等.太子河流域地表水和地下水硝酸盐污染特征及来源分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(8):980-986.
[22]温树影,李旭春.太子河流域本溪段水质现状评价[J].现代农业科技,2012(6):300,303.
[23]苏玉,王东伟,文航,等.太子河流域本溪段水生生物的群落特征及其主要水质影响因子分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(8):1801-1808.
[24]Reza R,Singh G.Assessment of heavy metal contamination and its indexing approach for pond water in Angul District,Orissa,India[J].Asian Journal of Water,Environment and Pollution,2011,8(4):77-83.
[25]杨学福,关建玲,段晋明,等.渭河西安段水体重金属污染现状及其健康风险评价[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):152-156,162.
[26]Swaine D J.Why trace elements are important[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2000,65-66:21-33.
[27]辛培良,刘文立.重点工业污染源对太子河本溪段水质影响分析[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,1999,19(2):42-44.
[28]罗倩.辽宁太子河流域非点源污染模拟研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[29]孟晓红.金属镉在鱼体中的生物富集作用[J].广东微量元素科学,1997,3(1):8-11.
[2]刁维萍,倪吾钟,倪天华,等.水环境重金属污染的现状及其评价[J].广东微量元素科学,2004,11(3):1-5.
[3]李战,李坤.重金属污染的危害与修复[J].现代农业科技,2010(16):268-270.
[4]张杰,陈熙,刘倩纯,等.鄱阳湖主要入湖口重金属的分布及潜在风险评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(1):95-100.
[5]李法云,胡成,张营,等.沈阳市街道灰尘中重金属的环境影响与健康风险评价[J].气象与环境学报,2010,26(6):59-64.
[6]廖自基.环境中微量重金属元素的污染危害与迁移转化[M].北京:科学出版社,1989.
[7]KiikkilO.Heavy-metal pollution and remediation of forest soil around the Harjavalta Cu-Ni smelter,in SWFinland[J].Silva Fennica,2003,37(3):399-415.
[8]孙铁珩,周启星,李培军.污染生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:265-298.
[9]Needleman H L.The future challenge of lead toxicity[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,1990,89:85-89.
[10]薛红喜.黄河包头段沉积物重金属吸附机制及污染生态学研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2007.
[11]任泓泉,胡成.大伙房水库表层沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].气象与环境学报,2013,29(1):108-112.
[12]黄伟,曹亮,窦硕增.重金属对鱼类早期发育的生态毒理效应[J].水产学报,2016,40(8):1272-1288.
[13]Xu J,Wang Y J,Zhang L,et al.Arsenic speciation in typical surface soils from mining areas in the southeast of Hubei province[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2013,22(4B):1218-1224.
[14]Pertsemli E,Voutsa D.Distribution of heavy metals in lakes Doirani and Kerkini,Northern Greece[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,148(3):529-537.
[15]惠秀娟,孟雪莲,徐成斌,等.沈阳市新城子铬渣堆存区土壤铬污染分布及形态研究[J].气象与环境学报,2009,25(6):64-67.
[16]张兆永,吉力力·阿不都外力,姜逢清,等.天山山地河流水体中微量重金属的分布特征及形态分析[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(11):3612-3619.
[17]李杨,赵胡笳,马雁军,等.本溪市大气颗粒物变化特征及其与气象要素的关系[J].气象与环境学报,2017,33(1):58-65.
[18]李志萍,杨韡韡,许飞飞,等.袁河底泥污染物监测与分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究学报,2011,9(2):132-135,142.
[19]易嘉成.辽宁太子河流域底泥重金属污染风险评估[J].水利技术监督,2017(6):41-42,46.
[20]王俭,刘英华,于英潭,等.太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物重金属含量及生态风险评估[J].辽宁大学学报:自然科学版,2017,44(3):262-268.
[21]张亚丽,张依章,张远,等.太子河流域地表水和地下水硝酸盐污染特征及来源分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(8):980-986.
[22]温树影,李旭春.太子河流域本溪段水质现状评价[J].现代农业科技,2012(6):300,303.
[23]苏玉,王东伟,文航,等.太子河流域本溪段水生生物的群落特征及其主要水质影响因子分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(8):1801-1808.
[24]Reza R,Singh G.Assessment of heavy metal contamination and its indexing approach for pond water in Angul District,Orissa,India[J].Asian Journal of Water,Environment and Pollution,2011,8(4):77-83.
[25]杨学福,关建玲,段晋明,等.渭河西安段水体重金属污染现状及其健康风险评价[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):152-156,162.
[26]Swaine D J.Why trace elements are important[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2000,65-66:21-33.
[27]辛培良,刘文立.重点工业污染源对太子河本溪段水质影响分析[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,1999,19(2):42-44.
[28]罗倩.辽宁太子河流域非点源污染模拟研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[29]孟晓红.金属镉在鱼体中的生物富集作用[J].广东微量元素科学,1997,3(1):8-11.