不同菌剂及粒径对马占相思树皮腐熟效果的影响
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摘要
以细颗粒(直径<1 mm,T)和粗颗粒(直径1～3 mm,C)马占相思树皮为材料,利用市售酵素菌(J)、有机肥发酵菌(Y)、金宝贝(B)3种菌剂进行发酵,研究其发酵后树皮的理化性质及对‘扬州圆’白萝卜生长的影响,旨在为马占相思树皮资源化利用提供科学依据。结果表明,添加菌剂腐熟的马占相思树皮能促进测试萝卜的生长,树皮有效磷与速效钾含量均以CJ最高,分别为57.60、775.50 mg/kg,且显著高于其他处理。酵素菌处理的树皮上生长的‘扬州圆’白萝卜株鲜重和株干重最高,其次为金宝贝、有机肥发酵菌,且其‘扬州圆’白萝卜全磷与全钾含量均最高,分别为3.95、45.20 g/kg。3种菌剂中以酵素菌处理的马占相思树皮腐熟效果最佳,适宜作为基质使用。
Three kinds of commercial microbial inoculants including enzyme bacteria(J), organic fermenting bacteria(Y), gymboree(B) were employed to ferment fine-grained(diameter <1 mm, T) and coarse-grained(diameter 1–3 mm, C) Acacia mangium bark to prepare substrates, and the physicochemical properties and the influence on the growth of white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' were investigated, in order to provide a scientific basis for utilization of the bark of A. mangium. The results showed that the bark supplemented with the bacterial agent could promote the growth of radish. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the substrate was the highest, which was 57.60 and 775.50 mg/kg, respectively, and significantly higher than that of other treatments. Whole plant fresh and dry weight of white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' grown on the substrate treated with enzyme bacteria was the highest, followed by gymboree and organic fermenting bacteria. The content of total phosphorus and potassium in the white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' was the highest, which was 3.95 and 45.20 g/kg correspondingly. The results suggest that the bark of A. mangium treated with enzyme bacteria had the best effect, and was suitable to be used as a substrate.
Three kinds of commercial microbial inoculants including enzyme bacteria(J), organic fermenting bacteria(Y), gymboree(B) were employed to ferment fine-grained(diameter <1 mm, T) and coarse-grained(diameter 1–3 mm, C) Acacia mangium bark to prepare substrates, and the physicochemical properties and the influence on the growth of white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' were investigated, in order to provide a scientific basis for utilization of the bark of A. mangium. The results showed that the bark supplemented with the bacterial agent could promote the growth of radish. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the substrate was the highest, which was 57.60 and 775.50 mg/kg, respectively, and significantly higher than that of other treatments. Whole plant fresh and dry weight of white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' grown on the substrate treated with enzyme bacteria was the highest, followed by gymboree and organic fermenting bacteria. The content of total phosphorus and potassium in the white radish ‘Yangzhouyuan' was the highest, which was 3.95 and 45.20 g/kg correspondingly. The results suggest that the bark of A. mangium treated with enzyme bacteria had the best effect, and was suitable to be used as a substrate.
引文
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[24]周淑霞,于建光,赵莉.不同有机物料腐熟剂对麦秸的腐解效果[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(11):347-350.
[25]罗泉达.猪粪堆肥腐熟度指标及影响堆肥腐熟因素的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2005:7-10.
[2]赵平,饶兴权,马玲,等.基于树干液流测定值进行尺度扩展的马占相思林段蒸腾和冠层气孔导度[J].植物生态学报,2006,30(4):655-665.
[3]龚木荣,李忠正.值得大力推广的造纸速生材--相思木[J].中华纸业,2001,22(12):42-44.
[4]周上云.用好栲胶原料--马占相思树皮[N].科技日报,2003:1-2.
[5]张胜,刘子雷,陈薇,等.马占相思树皮废弃物酸水解及活性炭制备研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):101-108.
[6]李天林,沈兵,李红霞.无土栽培中基质培选料的参考因素与发展趋势[J].石河子大学学报,1999,3(3):250-258.
[7]黄国锋,钟流举,张振钿,等.有机固体废弃物堆肥的物质变化及腐熟度评价[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(5):813-818.
[8]张沛健,彭彦,谢耀坚,等.基于桉树皮的有机基质腐熟处理研究[J].热带作物学报,2011,32(3):412-416.
[9]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:44-428.
[10]杜森,高祥照.土壤分析技术规范[M].第2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2014:44-47.
[11]周乃复,袁军,谭晓风,等.林下种养对油茶林地上土壤磷素形态及含量的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):41-44.
[12]Uddling J,Gelang-Alfredsson J,Piikki K,et al.Evaluating the relationship between leaf chlorophyll concentration and SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter readings[J].Photosynthesis Research,2007,91(1):37-46.
[13]Oliveira A S,Coelho F C,Vieira H D,et al.Growth,nutrient conent and SPAD value of corn in monoculture and in intercropping[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2014,5(18):2726-2733.
[14]Ling Q H,Huang W H,Jarvis P.Use of a SPAD-502 meter tomeasure leaf chlorophyll concentration in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Photosynthesis Research,2011,107(2):209-214.
[15]吴遥远,张桥,余新盛.现代堆肥影响因素及控制[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13:69-71.
[16]董存明.鸡粪-椰糠配比生产有机肥及在甘薯上的肥效研究[D].海口:海南大学,2015:16-17.
[17]魏智龙.番茄穴盘育苗基质的筛选[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2001:34-35.
[18]曾光明,黄国和,袁兴中,等.堆肥环境生物与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:270-278.
[19]张沛健,谢耀坚,尚秀华,等.不同粒径的桉树皮基质对桉树苗木的影响[J].桉树科技,2013,30(4):26-28.
[20]Li Y,Ji G,Wang J,et al.Complete genome sequence of an NADC30-Like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus characterized by recombination with other strains[J].Genome Announcements,2016,4(3):e00330-16.
[21]王瑞,陈永忠,陈隆升,等.油茶叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量的相关分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(2):76-80.
[22]孙玉莹,毕京翠,赵志超,等.作物叶片衰老研究进展[J].作物杂志,2013(4):11-18.
[23]王忠强,吴良欢,刘婷婷,等.供氮水平对爬山虎(Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planch)生物量及养分分配的影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(8):3435-3441.
[24]周淑霞,于建光,赵莉.不同有机物料腐熟剂对麦秸的腐解效果[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(11):347-350.
[25]罗泉达.猪粪堆肥腐熟度指标及影响堆肥腐熟因素的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2005:7-10.