青贮玉米品质性状遗传变异及主成分分析
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摘要
为了鉴定青贮玉米品质性状间的相关和依附关系,对14份青贮玉米材料的22个品质性状检测分析,并进行一般描述统计、遗传变异、相关性及主成分分析。结果表明,参试青贮玉米各品质性状中,脂肪、钾、木质素、淀粉含量的变异系数较大,分别为0.20、0.19、0.17和0.16,表明这些性状在品种遗传选育进程中有较大的改良空间;消化率及能量品质相关性状的变异系数介于0.03～0.08,表明这部分性状难以得到遗传改良;青贮玉米品质性状间相关性较大,适宜采用主成分分析保留品质性状的最重要方面。对测试的22个品质性状进行主成分提取,前3个主成分的累积贡献率达到91.29%,分别代表了青贮玉米的饲用价值、微量元素及粗蛋白成分。
To identify the correlation and attachment between quality traits of silage maize,14 self-produced silage maize were selected in this study.The analysis of general descriptive statistics,genetic variation,correlation and principal component analysis were conducted for the 22 quality traits of the silage maize involved.The results showed:among the traits of silage maize,the content of fatty,potassium,lignin and starch have a large improvement space due to the greater coefficient variation of 0.20,0.19,0.17 and 0.16,respectively;While the coefficient variation of digestibility and energy quality was between 0.03 and 0.08,indicating that it was difficult to obtain significant genetic improvement for these traits.The high correlation between quality traits made them suitable for silage maize to reserve the most important aspects of quality traits using principal component analysis.In this study,principal components were extracted from 22 quality traits tested,and the cumulative contribution rate of the first three main components reached 91.29%,which representing the feeding value,micronutrients and crude protein components of silage maize,respectively.
To identify the correlation and attachment between quality traits of silage maize,14 self-produced silage maize were selected in this study.The analysis of general descriptive statistics,genetic variation,correlation and principal component analysis were conducted for the 22 quality traits of the silage maize involved.The results showed:among the traits of silage maize,the content of fatty,potassium,lignin and starch have a large improvement space due to the greater coefficient variation of 0.20,0.19,0.17 and 0.16,respectively;While the coefficient variation of digestibility and energy quality was between 0.03 and 0.08,indicating that it was difficult to obtain significant genetic improvement for these traits.The high correlation between quality traits made them suitable for silage maize to reserve the most important aspects of quality traits using principal component analysis.In this study,principal components were extracted from 22 quality traits tested,and the cumulative contribution rate of the first three main components reached 91.29%,which representing the feeding value,micronutrients and crude protein components of silage maize,respectively.
引文
[1]库来夏·哈孜依.青贮玉米栽培管理技术、收获与制作.中国畜牧兽医文摘,2016,32(10):214.
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[3]余汝华,赵丽华,莫放,等.玉米秸秆青贮饲料中NDF与ADF含量变化规律的研究.饲料工业,2003,24(10):19-20.
[4]刘铭三.谷物及油料品质分析法.北京:农业出版社,1987.
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[6]高聚林,王志刚,孙继颖,等.青贮玉米对氮磷钾的吸收规律.作物学报,2006,32(3):363-368.
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[8]郭勇庆,曹志军,李胜利,等.全株玉米青贮生产与品质评定关键技术.中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(18):39-44.
[9]朱建国.青贮玉米物质生产特性与营养品质的研究.北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[10]张越利.燕麦生育时期、品种及与玉米的混合比例对青贮品质的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[11]马光路,吕建波,曹青.玉米秸秆中木质素、半纤维素和纤维素的组分分离研究.中国农业科技导报,2015,17(6):70-79.
[12]李胜开,肖玲,张倩云,等.2015~2016年中国青贮玉米品质分析.中国奶牛,2017(11):54-60.
[13]Nelson W F.Impact of stage of maturity and method of preservation of alfalfa on milk production and fiber utilization by lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science,1990,73(7):1800-1811.
[14]Dagdeviren C,Zhou L,Zhong L W.Energy harvesting from the animal/human body for self-powered electronics.Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering,2017,19(1):85-108.
[2]李忠秋,刘春龙.青贮饲料的营养价值及其在反刍动物生产中的应用.家畜生态学报,2010,31(3):95-98.
[3]余汝华,赵丽华,莫放,等.玉米秸秆青贮饲料中NDF与ADF含量变化规律的研究.饲料工业,2003,24(10):19-20.
[4]刘铭三.谷物及油料品质分析法.北京:农业出版社,1987.
[5]卢宝红.普通玉米品质性状的遗传变异与相关及近红外测定方法的研究.北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[6]高聚林,王志刚,孙继颖,等.青贮玉米对氮磷钾的吸收规律.作物学报,2006,32(3):363-368.
[7]张效梅,乔治军,李峰.我国青贮玉米的研究现状及市场前景.科技情报开发与经济,2014,14(6):76-78.
[8]郭勇庆,曹志军,李胜利,等.全株玉米青贮生产与品质评定关键技术.中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(18):39-44.
[9]朱建国.青贮玉米物质生产特性与营养品质的研究.北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[10]张越利.燕麦生育时期、品种及与玉米的混合比例对青贮品质的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[11]马光路,吕建波,曹青.玉米秸秆中木质素、半纤维素和纤维素的组分分离研究.中国农业科技导报,2015,17(6):70-79.
[12]李胜开,肖玲,张倩云,等.2015~2016年中国青贮玉米品质分析.中国奶牛,2017(11):54-60.
[13]Nelson W F.Impact of stage of maturity and method of preservation of alfalfa on milk production and fiber utilization by lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science,1990,73(7):1800-1811.
[14]Dagdeviren C,Zhou L,Zhong L W.Energy harvesting from the animal/human body for self-powered electronics.Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering,2017,19(1):85-108.