密闭空间内聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰传播特性的实验研究
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摘要
采用竖直、可视粉尘爆炸火焰传播实验平台,结合粒子图像测速PIV技术测得喷粉的冷态流场分布,研究聚乙烯粉尘在密闭容器内的爆炸火焰传播特性,探讨火焰结构与锋面位置的动态变化、火焰传播速度等参数的变化规律。结果表明,在200～1000 g/m~3浓度范围内,低浓度聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰呈不连续片羽状结构,火焰锋面呈离散的星点状。粉尘浓度增加,火焰连续性及亮度增强,锋面呈齿状,并在400 g/m~3火焰最明亮,火焰平均传播速度均随粉尘浓度的增加先增大后减小。采用均方根湍流速度量化体系整体脉动幅度,浓度接近最佳爆炸浓度400 g/m~3时,均方根湍流速度为3.21 m/s。
An experimental apparatus which could withstand high pressure and with good visibility was modified.PIV technology was applied to measure the distribution of cold pulverized flow field. Flame propagation characteristics of polyethylene dust explosion were investigated in closed vessel. In experiments, flame structure,flame brightness, flame front location, flame propagation speed and other parameters variation were analyzed. The results show that in the concentration range of 200-1000 g/m~3, the low-concentration polyethylene dust explosion flame has a discontinuous fin-like structure, and the flame front is discrete star-shaped. On further increasing the dust concentration the flame continuity as well as the luminance increased and reached the top at the concentration of 400 g/m~3. The velocity fluctuated obviously during the flame propagation process of polyethylene dust explosion at different concentrations, which increased at first and then decreased. The velocity-fluctuation of the flame was more obvious when it was close to the optimum explosion concentration range. The RMS turbulent velocity equation was adopted to quantify overall pulsation amplitude. Dust concentration was close to the optimal explosion concentration of 400 g/m~3 and the RMS turbulent velocity was 3.21 m/s.
An experimental apparatus which could withstand high pressure and with good visibility was modified.PIV technology was applied to measure the distribution of cold pulverized flow field. Flame propagation characteristics of polyethylene dust explosion were investigated in closed vessel. In experiments, flame structure,flame brightness, flame front location, flame propagation speed and other parameters variation were analyzed. The results show that in the concentration range of 200-1000 g/m~3, the low-concentration polyethylene dust explosion flame has a discontinuous fin-like structure, and the flame front is discrete star-shaped. On further increasing the dust concentration the flame continuity as well as the luminance increased and reached the top at the concentration of 400 g/m~3. The velocity fluctuated obviously during the flame propagation process of polyethylene dust explosion at different concentrations, which increased at first and then decreased. The velocity-fluctuation of the flame was more obvious when it was close to the optimum explosion concentration range. The RMS turbulent velocity equation was adopted to quantify overall pulsation amplitude. Dust concentration was close to the optimal explosion concentration of 400 g/m~3 and the RMS turbulent velocity was 3.21 m/s.
引文
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[30]李新光,Radandt S,赫冀成,等.哈特曼装置上均方根湍流速度的测量及研究[J].中国粉体技术,1999,5(4):11-14.Li X G,Radandt S,He J C,et al.Measurement and research of root-mean-square turbulence velocity on Hartmann bomb[J].China Power Science and Science and Technology,1999,5(4):11-14.
[2]由衷.聚乙烯工厂爆炸原因分析[J].化工科技动态,1991,(3):34-35.You Z.Cause analysis of polyethylene plant explosion[J].Chemical Technology Trends,1991,(3):34-35.
[3]Yan X Q,Yu J L.Dust explosion incidents in China[J].Process Safety Progress,2012,31(2):187-189.
[4]冯文萍.高密度聚乙烯生产火灾爆炸危险性分析及评价[D].天津:天津大学,2005.Feng W P.Risk analysis and assessment of fire explosion for highdensity polyethylene production[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2005.
[5]Gao W,Mogi T,Sun J H,et al.Effects of particle size distributions on flame propagation mechanism during octadecanol dust explosions[J].Powder Technology,2013,249:168-174.
[6]Gao W,Dobashi R,Mogi T,et al.Effects of particle characteristics on flame propagation behavior during organic dust explosions in a half-closed chamber[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2012,25(6):993-999.
[7]孙金华.PMMA微粒子云中传播火焰的基本结构[J].热科学与技术,2004,3(1):76-80.Sun J H.Structure of flame propagating through PMMA particle cloud[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2004,3(1):76-80.
[8]Chen J L,Dobashi R,Hirano T.Mechanisms of flame propagation through combustible particle clouds[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,1996,9(3):225-229.
[9]Yu J L,Zhang X Y,Zhang Q,et al.Combustion behaviors and flame microstructures of micro-and nano-titanium dust explosions[J].Fuel,2016,181:785-792.
[10]Sun J H,Dobashi R,Hirano T.Structure of flames propagating through aluminum particles cloud and combustion process of particles[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2006,19(6):769-773.
[11]Sun J H,Dobashi R,Hirano T.Temperature profile across the combustion zone propagating through an iron particle cloud[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2001,14(6):463-467.
[12]孙金华,卢平,刘义.空气中悬浮金属微粒子的燃烧特性[J].南京理工大学学报,2005,29(5):582-588.Sun J H,Lu P,Liu Y.Combustion behavior of metal particles suspended in air[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2005,29(5):582-588.
[13]潘峰,马超,曹卫国,等.玉米淀粉粉尘爆炸危险性研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(7):46-51.Pang F,Ma C,Cao W G,et al.Research on explosion risk of corn starch dust[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(7):46-51.
[14]高聪,李化,苏丹,等.密闭空间煤粉的爆炸特性[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(2):164-168.Gao C,Li H,Su D,et al.Explosion characteristics of coal dust in a sealed vessel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(2):164-168.
[15]黄丽媛.石松子粉粉尘爆炸特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2014.Huang L Y.Research on dust explosion characteristics of lycopodium[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2014.
[16]尹同山.乙烯氛围下的聚乙烯热解动力学研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2014.Yin T S.Study on pyrolysis kinetics of polyethylene in the ethylene[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2014.
[17]Han O,Lee J S.Pyrolysis characteristic and ignition energy of high-density polyethylene powder[J].Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas,2014,18(3):31-37.
[18]Mittal M,Guha B K.Minimum ignition temperature of polyethylene dust:a theoretical model[J].Fire&Materials,2015,21(4):169-177.
[19]马小明,周可.不饱和聚酯树脂钮扣粉尘静电爆炸敏感性研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(3):149-154.Ma X M,Zhou K.Study on sensitivity of electrostatic explosion for dust of unsaturated polyester resin button[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(3):149-154.
[20]Benedetto A D,Russo P.Thermo-kinetic modelling of dust explosions[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2007,20(4/5/6):303-309.
[21]Gan B,Gao W,Jiang H,et al.Flame propagation behaviors and temperature characteristics in polyethylene dust explosions[J].Powder Technology,2018,328:345-357.
[22]Gan B,Li B,Jiang H,et al.Ethylene/polyethylene hybrid explosions(Ι):Effects of ethylene concentrations on flame propagations[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2018,54:93-102.
[23]TraoréM,Dufaud O,Perrin L,et al.Dust explosions:how should the influence of humidity be taken into account[J].Process Safety and Environment Protection,2009,87(1):14-20.
[24]罗宏昌.粉尘爆炸及“杂混合物”对其特性的影响[J].交通部上海船舶运输科学研究所学报,2000,23(1):21-26.Luo H C.Explosion of powder dust and effect of scramble compound on its characteristics[J].Journal of Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute,2000,23(1):21-26.
[25]葛毅钧.聚乙烯装置料仓闪爆原因分析及预防措施[J].安全、健康和环境,2017,17(1):5-8.Ge Y J.Cause analysis and preventive measures of flash explosion in silo of polyethylene units[J].Safety Environment Health,2017,17(1):5-8.
[26]马冉,高建村,杨凯,等.聚乙烯粉尘爆炸研究进展[J].中国粉体技术,2017,23(6):59-63.Ma R,Gao J C,Yang K,et al.Progress research on polyethylene dust explosion[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2017,23(6):59-63.
[27]喻健良,纪文涛,孙会利,等.乙烯/聚乙烯两相体系爆炸特性[J].化工学报,2017,68(12):4841-4847.Yu J L,Ji W T,Sun H L,et al.Explosibility of hybrid mixtures of ethylene and polyethylene dust[J].CIESC Journal,2017,68(12):4841-4847.
[28]???,???,???.The change of deflagration to detonation transition by wall cooling effect in ethylene-air mixture[C]//???????2011?????????????,2011.
[29]Ji W T,Yan X Q,Sun H L,et al.Explosibility of hybrid mixtures of lycopodium dust and methane[C]//11th International Symposium on Hazards,Prevention,and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions.Dalian,2016.
[30]李新光,Radandt S,赫冀成,等.哈特曼装置上均方根湍流速度的测量及研究[J].中国粉体技术,1999,5(4):11-14.Li X G,Radandt S,He J C,et al.Measurement and research of root-mean-square turbulence velocity on Hartmann bomb[J].China Power Science and Science and Technology,1999,5(4):11-14.