福建省土壤-蔬菜系统中铬转移规律研究
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摘要
调查福建省28个蔬菜品种及其土壤铬含量,研究铬在土壤-蔬菜系统中的转移规律。结果表明,供试土壤全铬含量平均值为53.61mg·kg~(-1),未超过国家土壤环境质量标准中铬的限量(pH<6.5,农田旱地<150mg·kg~(-1))。供试土壤有效铬含量平均值为0.92mg·kg~(-1)。蔬菜可食部分铬含量0.001~0.321 mg·kg~(-1),调查区蔬菜样品铬含量均低于食品安全国家标准。其中,萝卜、空心菜铬含量与土壤全铬呈显著正相关。采样区大部分蔬菜铬含量与土壤有效铬之间相关性不显著。利用DPS统计软件,将蔬菜对土壤全铬和有效铬的转移能力分为高、中、低三等进行分析。根据土壤-蔬菜高、中、低转移规律可指导蔬菜的区域规划种植。
This paper investigated the transfer characteristics of Cr from soil to vegetable based on the investigation from 28 vegetables and its soil in Fujian. The main results were as follows: The average contents of total Cr of soil was 53.61 mg·kg~(-1), which was lower than the Cr limit for agricultural land in the Chinese soil environmental quality standard(pH<6.5, dryland<150 mg·kg~(-1)).The average content of available Cr of soil was 0.92 mg·kg~(-1). The Cr contents of edible parts of vegetables ranged between 0.001—0.321 mg·kg~(-1). The Cr contents of vegetable samples in the investigation areas were all lower than the national standard of food safety. The Cr contents of turnip and swamp cabbage had significant positive correlation with the soil total Cr. The Cr contents of edible parts of most vegetables species had not significant correlation with the soil available Cr.Using the DPS statistical software, the transfer coefficient of Cr from soil to vegetable was categorized into three categories: the low, the medium and the high transfer capacity, which would give scientific guiding to planting vegetables.
This paper investigated the transfer characteristics of Cr from soil to vegetable based on the investigation from 28 vegetables and its soil in Fujian. The main results were as follows: The average contents of total Cr of soil was 53.61 mg·kg~(-1), which was lower than the Cr limit for agricultural land in the Chinese soil environmental quality standard(pH<6.5, dryland<150 mg·kg~(-1)).The average content of available Cr of soil was 0.92 mg·kg~(-1). The Cr contents of edible parts of vegetables ranged between 0.001—0.321 mg·kg~(-1). The Cr contents of vegetable samples in the investigation areas were all lower than the national standard of food safety. The Cr contents of turnip and swamp cabbage had significant positive correlation with the soil total Cr. The Cr contents of edible parts of most vegetables species had not significant correlation with the soil available Cr.Using the DPS statistical software, the transfer coefficient of Cr from soil to vegetable was categorized into three categories: the low, the medium and the high transfer capacity, which would give scientific guiding to planting vegetables.
引文
[1]国土资源部.环境保护部和国土资源部发布全国土壤污染状况调查公报[J].资源与人居环境,2014(4):26-27.
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[4]GB/T17137-1997,土壤质量Cr的测定方法[S](火焰原子吸收分光光度法).
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[6]李泽琴,程温莹,罗丽,蔡怀鸿,符新妃.成都市某蔬菜基地重金属污染状况分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2002,13(4):24-27.
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[8]王果,苏苗育,陈炎辉,林芬芳,罗丹.土壤Zn向白菜茎叶的转移能力[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2005,34(1):135-136.
[9]Cui Y L,Zhu Y G,Zhai R H,Chen D Y,Huang Y Z,Qiu Y,Liang J Z.Transfer of metals from soil to vegetables in an area near a smelter in Nanning,China[J].Environment International,2004,30:785-791.
[10]McLaughlin M J,Zarcinas B A,Stevens D P,Cook N.Soil testing for heavy metals[J].Communication of Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2000,31:1661-1700.
[11]Brun L A,Maillet J,Richarte J,Herrmann P,Remy J C.Relationships between extractable copper,soil properties and copper uptake by wild plants in vineyard soils[J].Environmental Pollution,1998,102:151-161.
[12]Sauve S,Cook N,Hendershot W H,Mcbride M B.Linking plant tissue concentrations and soil copper pools in urban contaminated soils[J].Environmental Pollution,1996,94:153-157.
[13]苏苗育,陈炎辉,王果.14种蔬菜对土壤Cd和Pb富集能力的估算[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(2):207-511.
[14]孙游云.铬对植物体生长生理的影响及其在植物体中的积累规律[J].环境污染与防治,2001,23(1):45-46.
[15]丁鹏,赵荟薇,苏慧杰,唐艳茹.长春市西郊保护地土壤-作物系统铬、汞的形态研究[J].长春师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,33(2):42-45.
[16]韩静,肖伟,陈芳,阮燕晔.不同蔬菜对重金属汞、铬、砷、镉、铅积累效应的研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(21):264-268.
[17]张丹.贵阳市蔬菜基地蔬菜重金属含量研究[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,23(2):78-80.
[2]林芬芳.福建省主要蔬菜对土壤铜富集规律的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[3]刘青付.土壤-蔬菜系统中锌及其转移规律的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[4]GB/T17137-1997,土壤质量Cr的测定方法[S](火焰原子吸收分光光度法).
[5]马往校,孙新涛,段敏.西安市不同蔬菜中重金属污染分析[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2010,30(5):439-442.
[6]李泽琴,程温莹,罗丽,蔡怀鸿,符新妃.成都市某蔬菜基地重金属污染状况分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2002,13(4):24-27.
[7]许炼烽,郝兴红,冯显湘.城市蔬菜的重金属污染及其对策[J].生态科学,2000,19(1):80-85.
[8]王果,苏苗育,陈炎辉,林芬芳,罗丹.土壤Zn向白菜茎叶的转移能力[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2005,34(1):135-136.
[9]Cui Y L,Zhu Y G,Zhai R H,Chen D Y,Huang Y Z,Qiu Y,Liang J Z.Transfer of metals from soil to vegetables in an area near a smelter in Nanning,China[J].Environment International,2004,30:785-791.
[10]McLaughlin M J,Zarcinas B A,Stevens D P,Cook N.Soil testing for heavy metals[J].Communication of Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2000,31:1661-1700.
[11]Brun L A,Maillet J,Richarte J,Herrmann P,Remy J C.Relationships between extractable copper,soil properties and copper uptake by wild plants in vineyard soils[J].Environmental Pollution,1998,102:151-161.
[12]Sauve S,Cook N,Hendershot W H,Mcbride M B.Linking plant tissue concentrations and soil copper pools in urban contaminated soils[J].Environmental Pollution,1996,94:153-157.
[13]苏苗育,陈炎辉,王果.14种蔬菜对土壤Cd和Pb富集能力的估算[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(2):207-511.
[14]孙游云.铬对植物体生长生理的影响及其在植物体中的积累规律[J].环境污染与防治,2001,23(1):45-46.
[15]丁鹏,赵荟薇,苏慧杰,唐艳茹.长春市西郊保护地土壤-作物系统铬、汞的形态研究[J].长春师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,33(2):42-45.
[16]韩静,肖伟,陈芳,阮燕晔.不同蔬菜对重金属汞、铬、砷、镉、铅积累效应的研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(21):264-268.
[17]张丹.贵阳市蔬菜基地蔬菜重金属含量研究[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,23(2):78-80.