兰炭特性及应用研究进展
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摘要
为实现煤炭分级分质利用,提高兰炭资源利用效率,介绍了兰炭在我国的应用研究进展,论述了其在电石行业、电厂、冶金行业、化肥行业、废水处理、制备电极材料等方面的发展情况,最后提出兰炭行业存在的问题及发展方向。结果表明,兰炭作为掺混材料可应用于各行业,由于物料性质差异需针对性调整工艺指标或更换设备。兰炭企业应升级工艺技术和装备条件,提高产业化水平和产品附加值,将兰炭与无烟煤、烟煤等掺混,使其作为电石、冶金和化肥行业原料使用。基于兰炭粉末的特性和煤基活性炭制备工艺,可将兰炭粉末作为活性炭原料,采用微波加热法、磷酸活化制备高品质活性炭,实现资源的变废为宝。未来需对兰炭粉末制备活性炭的工艺条件和活化机理进行探究,以实现兰炭粉末的高效利用。
In order to realize the classification and utilization of coal and improve the utilization efficiency of semi-coke resources,the application and research progress of semi-coke in China was introduced,and the summary of its application in calcium carbide industry,power plant,metallurgical industry,fertilizer industry,wastewater treatment and preparation of electrode materials were summarized. At last problems and development direction of semi-coke were proposed.The results show that semi-coke can be applied to various industries,and process index or equipment should be changed with the difference of material properties.Semi-coke enterprises should upgrade the technology and equipment conditions so as to raise the level of industrialization and added value of product.Semi-coke can be used as raw material mixed with anthracite coal and bituminous coal in calcium carbide industry,power plant,metallurgical industry.Based on characteristics of semi-coke powder and the preparation process of coal based activated carbon,high performance activated carbon made of semi-coke is prepared by microwave heating and phosphoric acid activated,so that the waste of resources is turned into treasure. In the future,the process conditions and activation mechanism of activated carbon prepared from semi-coke power should be explored to achieve more efficient use of semi-coke powder.
In order to realize the classification and utilization of coal and improve the utilization efficiency of semi-coke resources,the application and research progress of semi-coke in China was introduced,and the summary of its application in calcium carbide industry,power plant,metallurgical industry,fertilizer industry,wastewater treatment and preparation of electrode materials were summarized. At last problems and development direction of semi-coke were proposed.The results show that semi-coke can be applied to various industries,and process index or equipment should be changed with the difference of material properties.Semi-coke enterprises should upgrade the technology and equipment conditions so as to raise the level of industrialization and added value of product.Semi-coke can be used as raw material mixed with anthracite coal and bituminous coal in calcium carbide industry,power plant,metallurgical industry.Based on characteristics of semi-coke powder and the preparation process of coal based activated carbon,high performance activated carbon made of semi-coke is prepared by microwave heating and phosphoric acid activated,so that the waste of resources is turned into treasure. In the future,the process conditions and activation mechanism of activated carbon prepared from semi-coke power should be explored to achieve more efficient use of semi-coke powder.
引文
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[8]王治帅,公旭中,王志,等.电石渣制备高强度氧化钙及其含碳球团循环生产电石[J].中国氯碱,2017(1):42-46.WANG Zhishuai,GONG Xuzhong,WANG Zhi,et al.Preparation of high-strength Ca O and Ca O containing carbon pellets from calcium carbide slag and to produce calcium carbide cyclically[J].China Chlor-Alkali,2017(1):42-46.
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[11]杨忠灿,王志超,李炎,等.电站煤粉锅炉掺烧兰炭试验研究[J].锅炉技术,2017,23(3):80-85.YANG Zhongcan,WANG Zhichao,LI Yan,et al.Experimental research on pulverized coal power station blending with semi-coke[J].Boiler Technology,2017,23(3):80-85.
[12]高冰,张建良,左海滨,等.高炉用冶金焦与兰炭气化反应行为研究[J].煤炭转化,2015,38(2):62-65.GAO Bing,ZHANG Jianliang,ZUO Haibin,et al.Study on gasification reaction behaviors of metallurgical coke and semi-coke for blast furnace[J].Coal Conversion,2015,38(2):62-65.
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[14]孙鹏.兰炭在乌化固定层间歇造气中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006,32(5):29.SUN Peng.Application of blue-carbon in darkened batch fixed layer gas manufacture[J].Inner Mongolian Petrochemical Industry,2006,32(5):29.
[15]刘学彦.造气工段掺烧兰炭技术总结[J].氮肥技术,2014(2):41-43,49.LIU Xueyan.Technical summary of blending combustion semi coke in producing gas[J].Nitrogenous Fertilizer Technology,2014(2):41-43,49.
[16]林博,林荣英,郑福宝,等.黏结剂与阻熔剂对兰炭成型及熔融特性的影响[J].化工进展,2014,33(8):2018-2022.LIN Bo,LIN Rongying,ZHENG Fubao,et al.Effect of binder and refractory agent on molding and melting characteristic of semi-coke[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2014,33(8):2018-2022.
[17]LI Y,CHEN J,SUN Y.Adsorption of multicomponent volatile organic compounds on semi-coke[J].Carbon,2008,46(6):858-863.
[18]MI J,FENG G,HAN L,et al.Modified semi-coke-supported cerium oxide-doped zinc ferrites for the removal of H2S from coal gas[J].Chemical Engineering&Technology,2012,35(9):1626-1631.
[19]蔡超,胡奇林,郭玉琼.兰炭处理硝基苯类有机废水的研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(19):129-130.CAI Chao,HU Qilin,GUO Yuqiong.Study on disposing the organic waste water with nitrobenzene by the semi-coke power[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2016,43(19):129-130.
[20]吴鹏,滕济林,张旭辉,等.兰炭活性焦的制备及应用性能研究[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(11):333-335.WU Peng,TENG Jilin,ZHANG Xuhui,et al.Preparation and application properties research on activated coke based on semi-coke[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(11):333-335.
[21]秦孟喜.实验研究兰炭制活性炭的可行性[J].中国化工贸易,2013,20(11):310-310.
[22]江行国,程晓华,文华,等.采用固体废弃物兰炭末制备锂离子电池负极材料[J].新型炭材料,2014,29(6):503-507.JIANG Xingguo,CHENG Xioahua,WEN Hua,et al.Fabrication of anode materials for a lithium-ion battery with waste semicoke carbon powder[J].New Carbon Materials,2014,29(6):503-507.
[23]李主峰.基于神府兰炭末制备超级电容器电极材料的研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2016.
[24]张雪峰,刘长胜,刘辉.煤分级分质阶梯利用技术—BGL气化[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2017(2):29-33.
[25]梁建利.浅析大同市兰炭产业的发展[J].山西焦煤科技,2014(9):48-50.LIANG Jianli.Analysis of the development of semi coke industry in Datong[J].Shanxi Coking Coal Science&Technology,2014(9):48-50.
[26]李奎,祝伟,彭坚,等.神府地区兰炭企业现状与改进建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(3):21-30.LI Kui,ZHU Wei,PENG Jian,et al.Semi-coke producers in Shenfu area today and suggestions on improvement[J].SinoGlobal Energy,2016,21(3):21-30.
[27]田华玲,粟智.兰炭基活性炭材料的制备及其电化学性能[J].兰州理工大学学报,2015,41(5):28-31.TIAN Hualin,SU Zhi.Preparation of semi-coke active carbon material and its electrochemical properties[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2015,41(5):28-31.
[28]宋永辉,马巧娜,李欣,等.活化温度对兰炭基活性炭结构与性能的影响[J].材料导报,2016,30(2):34-37.SONG Yonghui,MA Qiaona,LI Xin,et al.The influence of activation temperature on structure and properties of semi-coke-based activated carbon[J].Materials Review,2016,30(2):34-37.
[29]慕苗,亢玉红,杨猛,等.兰炭基活性炭的制备工艺优化及吸附性能研究[J].当代化工,2017,46(9):1752-1756.MU Miao,KANG Yuhong,YANG Meng,et al.Preparation and adsorption properties of semi-coke based activated carbon[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2017,46(9):1752-1756.
[2]HAN X,KULAOT S,JIANG X,et al.Review of oil shale semicoke and its combustion utilization[J].Fuel,2014,126(12):143-161.
[3]DING X,ZHANG Y,ZHANG T,et al.Effect of operational variables on the hydrogasification of Inner Mongolian lignite semicoke[J].Energy&Fuels,2013,27(8):4589-4597.
[4]榆林市兰炭产业发展调研组.榆林市兰炭产业发展调研报告[J].中国经贸导刊,2010(18):20-23.
[5]林金元.兰炭在电石生产中的应用[J].化工技术经济,2004,22(12):23-25.LIN Jinyuan.Application of semi-coke in calcium carbide production[J].Chemical Techno-Economics,2004,22(12):23-25.
[6]WANG Q,WANG H,SUN B,et al.Interactions between oil shale and its semi-coke during co-combustion[J].Fuel,2009,88(8):1520-1529.
[7]魏树林.府谷兰炭在电石生产中的应用[J].山西化工,1995(1):30-32.
[8]王治帅,公旭中,王志,等.电石渣制备高强度氧化钙及其含碳球团循环生产电石[J].中国氯碱,2017(1):42-46.WANG Zhishuai,GONG Xuzhong,WANG Zhi,et al.Preparation of high-strength Ca O and Ca O containing carbon pellets from calcium carbide slag and to produce calcium carbide cyclically[J].China Chlor-Alkali,2017(1):42-46.
[9]SUN B Z,WANG Q,LI S H,et al.Experiment study on combustion performance of oil shale and semi-coke blends[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(20):108-112.
[10]姚伟,杨忠灿,王志超,等.电站锅炉燃用兰炭技术研究及应用[J].中国科技成果,2017,18(5):57-58.
[11]杨忠灿,王志超,李炎,等.电站煤粉锅炉掺烧兰炭试验研究[J].锅炉技术,2017,23(3):80-85.YANG Zhongcan,WANG Zhichao,LI Yan,et al.Experimental research on pulverized coal power station blending with semi-coke[J].Boiler Technology,2017,23(3):80-85.
[12]高冰,张建良,左海滨,等.高炉用冶金焦与兰炭气化反应行为研究[J].煤炭转化,2015,38(2):62-65.GAO Bing,ZHANG Jianliang,ZUO Haibin,et al.Study on gasification reaction behaviors of metallurgical coke and semi-coke for blast furnace[J].Coal Conversion,2015,38(2):62-65.
[13]杨双平,郭拴全,王苗.高炉喷吹兰炭的实验研究[J].冶金能源,2015(5):33-37.YANG Shuangping,GUO Shuanquan,WANG Miao.Experimental research of semi-coke for blast furnace injection[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2015(5):33-37.
[14]孙鹏.兰炭在乌化固定层间歇造气中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006,32(5):29.SUN Peng.Application of blue-carbon in darkened batch fixed layer gas manufacture[J].Inner Mongolian Petrochemical Industry,2006,32(5):29.
[15]刘学彦.造气工段掺烧兰炭技术总结[J].氮肥技术,2014(2):41-43,49.LIU Xueyan.Technical summary of blending combustion semi coke in producing gas[J].Nitrogenous Fertilizer Technology,2014(2):41-43,49.
[16]林博,林荣英,郑福宝,等.黏结剂与阻熔剂对兰炭成型及熔融特性的影响[J].化工进展,2014,33(8):2018-2022.LIN Bo,LIN Rongying,ZHENG Fubao,et al.Effect of binder and refractory agent on molding and melting characteristic of semi-coke[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2014,33(8):2018-2022.
[17]LI Y,CHEN J,SUN Y.Adsorption of multicomponent volatile organic compounds on semi-coke[J].Carbon,2008,46(6):858-863.
[18]MI J,FENG G,HAN L,et al.Modified semi-coke-supported cerium oxide-doped zinc ferrites for the removal of H2S from coal gas[J].Chemical Engineering&Technology,2012,35(9):1626-1631.
[19]蔡超,胡奇林,郭玉琼.兰炭处理硝基苯类有机废水的研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(19):129-130.CAI Chao,HU Qilin,GUO Yuqiong.Study on disposing the organic waste water with nitrobenzene by the semi-coke power[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2016,43(19):129-130.
[20]吴鹏,滕济林,张旭辉,等.兰炭活性焦的制备及应用性能研究[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(11):333-335.WU Peng,TENG Jilin,ZHANG Xuhui,et al.Preparation and application properties research on activated coke based on semi-coke[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(11):333-335.
[21]秦孟喜.实验研究兰炭制活性炭的可行性[J].中国化工贸易,2013,20(11):310-310.
[22]江行国,程晓华,文华,等.采用固体废弃物兰炭末制备锂离子电池负极材料[J].新型炭材料,2014,29(6):503-507.JIANG Xingguo,CHENG Xioahua,WEN Hua,et al.Fabrication of anode materials for a lithium-ion battery with waste semicoke carbon powder[J].New Carbon Materials,2014,29(6):503-507.
[23]李主峰.基于神府兰炭末制备超级电容器电极材料的研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2016.
[24]张雪峰,刘长胜,刘辉.煤分级分质阶梯利用技术—BGL气化[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2017(2):29-33.
[25]梁建利.浅析大同市兰炭产业的发展[J].山西焦煤科技,2014(9):48-50.LIANG Jianli.Analysis of the development of semi coke industry in Datong[J].Shanxi Coking Coal Science&Technology,2014(9):48-50.
[26]李奎,祝伟,彭坚,等.神府地区兰炭企业现状与改进建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(3):21-30.LI Kui,ZHU Wei,PENG Jian,et al.Semi-coke producers in Shenfu area today and suggestions on improvement[J].SinoGlobal Energy,2016,21(3):21-30.
[27]田华玲,粟智.兰炭基活性炭材料的制备及其电化学性能[J].兰州理工大学学报,2015,41(5):28-31.TIAN Hualin,SU Zhi.Preparation of semi-coke active carbon material and its electrochemical properties[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2015,41(5):28-31.
[28]宋永辉,马巧娜,李欣,等.活化温度对兰炭基活性炭结构与性能的影响[J].材料导报,2016,30(2):34-37.SONG Yonghui,MA Qiaona,LI Xin,et al.The influence of activation temperature on structure and properties of semi-coke-based activated carbon[J].Materials Review,2016,30(2):34-37.
[29]慕苗,亢玉红,杨猛,等.兰炭基活性炭的制备工艺优化及吸附性能研究[J].当代化工,2017,46(9):1752-1756.MU Miao,KANG Yuhong,YANG Meng,et al.Preparation and adsorption properties of semi-coke based activated carbon[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2017,46(9):1752-1756.