输气站场T形三通流噪声的模拟预测
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摘要
天然气在管内流动时,受湍流、涡流等影响,极易产生流噪声,三通是管道系统必不可少的组成部件,对其噪声变化规律进行深入研究尤为必要。通过建立T形三通三维实体模型,基于FW-H声比拟理论,利用Fluent软件自带的FW-H模型,对不同进出口组成T形三通流噪声的变化规律进行模拟计算分析。结果表明:当介质在三通内流动时,在近壁面涡流的作用下产生较高等级的流噪声,易对站场工作人员造成严重的身心伤害;当只有一个水平出口时,T形三通内流噪声等级最高,且超出国家规定的70 dB的范围;通过改变不同进出口组合,可以有效降低T形三通流噪声声压等级。该数值计算结果为研究制定站场三通流噪声防控措施提供了理论依据。
When flowing in the pipeline, natural gas tends to generate the flow noise due to the effect of turbulence and vortex. T-shape joint is an indispensable component of the pipeline system, so it is of great necessity to study its noise change laws thoroughly. In this paper, the three-dimensional physical model for T-shaped joint was established. Then, based on the FW-H acoustic analogy theory, the change laws of flow noise of T-shaped joint composed of different inlets and outlets were simulated, calculated and analyzed by means of the FW-H model that comes with ANSYS Fluent. It is indicated that when the medium flows in the T-shaped joint, the flow noise of higher level is generated under the effect of vortex near the wall surface and it can easily bring serious harm to the station staff physically and mentally. When there is only one horizontal outlet, the flow noise in the T-shaped joint reaches the highest level, exceeding the national standard of 70 dB. The flow noise level of T-shaped joint can be reduced effectively by changing the combination of inlets and outlets. The numerical computation results provide the theoretical basis for the study and formulation of flow noise prevention and control measures of T-shaped joints at gas stations.
When flowing in the pipeline, natural gas tends to generate the flow noise due to the effect of turbulence and vortex. T-shape joint is an indispensable component of the pipeline system, so it is of great necessity to study its noise change laws thoroughly. In this paper, the three-dimensional physical model for T-shaped joint was established. Then, based on the FW-H acoustic analogy theory, the change laws of flow noise of T-shaped joint composed of different inlets and outlets were simulated, calculated and analyzed by means of the FW-H model that comes with ANSYS Fluent. It is indicated that when the medium flows in the T-shaped joint, the flow noise of higher level is generated under the effect of vortex near the wall surface and it can easily bring serious harm to the station staff physically and mentally. When there is only one horizontal outlet, the flow noise in the T-shaped joint reaches the highest level, exceeding the national standard of 70 dB. The flow noise level of T-shaped joint can be reduced effectively by changing the combination of inlets and outlets. The numerical computation results provide the theoretical basis for the study and formulation of flow noise prevention and control measures of T-shaped joints at gas stations.
引文
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[11]孟令雅,刘翠伟,李玉星,等.输气管道气动噪声产生机制及其分析方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(6):128-136.MENG L Y,LIU C W,LI Y X,et al.Aero-acoustics generation mechanism and analysis methods for natural gas pipelines[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(6):128-136.
[12]王翊.蒸汽管路阀门流动与噪声源特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011:11-21.WANG Y.Research for flow field and noise source characteristic of valve in steam pipe[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011:11-21.
[13]吴石.海水管路系统流噪声测量方法及特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2003:10-50.WU S.Study on measurement method and characteristic of flow noise in sea water pipes[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2003:10-50.
[14]吴石,张文平,封海波.充液管路系统中阀门流噪声的研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2005,25(3):51-53.WU S,ZHANG W P,FENG H B.Study on flow noise of valves in fluid-filled pipeline system[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2005,25(3):51-53.
[15]吴石,张文平.阀门流场的数值模拟及流噪声的实验研究[J].阀门,2005(1):8-11.WU S,ZHANG W P.Investigated numerically on flow-field of valves and experimental study of valve-noise[J].Valve,2005(1):8-11.
[16]刘翠伟,李玉星,李雪洁,等.基于CFD模拟的输气管道阀门流噪声仿真[J].油气储运,2012,31(9):657-662.LIU C W,LI Y X,LI X J,et al.CFD analog-based valve flow noise simulation of gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(9):657-662.
[17]朱羊羊.基于数值模拟的直筒笼式阀门流噪声特性分析[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2016:7-65.ZHU Y Y.Numerical simulation based study of cage valve flow noise characteristics[D].Hangzhou:Hangzhou Dianzi University,2016:7-65.
[18]曹旭原,彭伟,罗林林,等.天然气站场调压阀及汇管噪声抑制方法[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2017(10):217-219.CAO X Y,PENG W,LUO L L,et al.Way to eliminate noise of pressure regulating valve and collection pipe in gas station[J].Automation&Instrumentation,2017(10):217-219.
[19]肖飞.笼套式节流阀气动噪声研究及结构改进[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017:21-64.X I A O F.Aero dynamic noise research and structure improvement of a cage type throttle valve[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017:21-64.
[20]吕景伟.变截面管道内流噪声预报与实验测量研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010:50-75.LYU J W.Study on prediction and experimental measurement of flow noise in pipes with varying cross-sectional area[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2010:50-75.
[21]高攀,龚翀.天然气在三通管段内流动流态的数值模拟[C].绍兴:2016中国燃气运营与安全研讨会,2016:97-103.GAO P,GONG C.Numerical simulation of natural gas phase flow field in the T-branch pipe[C].Shaoxing:2016 China Gas Operation and Safety Symposium,2016:97-103.
[22]王顺,何东升,魏秦文,等.基于ABAQUS的三通有限元分析与强度评定[J].化学工程与装备,2015(12):1-3.WANG S,HE D S,WEI Q W,et al.Three-way finite element analysis and strength evaluation based on ABAQUS[J].Chemical Engineering&Equipment,2015(12):1-3.
[23]LIGHTHILL M J.On sound generated aerodynamically.I.general theory[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,1952,211(1107):564-587.
[24]WILLIAMS E F J,HAWKINGS D L.Sound generation by turbulence and surfaces in arbitrary motion[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1969,264(1151):321-342.
[25]KJELLGREN P,DAVIDSON L.Large eddy simulation of turbulence flow noise on streamers[C].Houston:2009 SEG Annual Meeting,2009:117-121.
[2]颜士逵.天然气集输站场流噪声研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015:9-58.YAN S K.Study on flow noise of natural gas gathering and transportation station[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2015:9-58.
[3]乔渭阳.航空发动机气动声学[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2010:85-112.QIAO W Y.Aircraft engine aerodynamic acoustics[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2010:85-112.
[4]何祚镛,赵玉芳.声学理论基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1981:49-58.HE Z Y,ZHAO Y F.Fundamentals of acoustic theory[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1981:49-58.
[5]张明鑫,熊中琼,贾荷香.相国寺储气库大功率压缩机组噪声产生与控制技术研究[J].中国设备工程,2017(24):30-31.ZHANG M X,XIONG Z Q,JIA H X.Generation and control technology of the high power compressor noise in the Xiangguosi Gas Storage[J].China Plant Engineering,2017(24):30-31.
[6]赵立丹.天然气站场空冷器降噪的设计措施[J].油气田地面工程,2017,36(9):39-41.ZHAO L D.Design measures for noise reduction of the air cooler in natural gas stations[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2017,36(9):39-41.
[7]王涛.CNG加气子站压缩机噪声治理[J].河南建材,2017(4):165-167.WANG T.Noise control of compressor of CNG secondary fueling station[J].Henan Building Materials,2017(4):165-167.
[8]施纪卫,吕莉,武玉双.天然气长输管道工艺场站噪声的治理[J].电子设计工程,2013,21(4):79-80.SHI J W,LYU L,WU Y S.Natural gas long distance transmission pipeline station noise control technology[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2013,21(4):79-80.
[9]颜丹平,高顺利,朱凌,等.天然气调压站的噪声控制实践[J].煤气与热力,2008,28(12):61-64.YAN D P,GAO S L,ZHU L,et al.Practice on noise controlat natural gas regulator station[J].Gas&Heat,2008,28(12):61-64.
[10]雷彬,蒋煜,蒋华全.城区天然气配气站噪声的产生及防治[J].油气田环境保护,2008,18(4):8-11.LEI B,JIANG Y,JIANG H Q.Noise generation and its control of gas distribution stations in urban area[J].Environmental Protection of Oil&Gas Fields,2008,18(4):8-11.
[11]孟令雅,刘翠伟,李玉星,等.输气管道气动噪声产生机制及其分析方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(6):128-136.MENG L Y,LIU C W,LI Y X,et al.Aero-acoustics generation mechanism and analysis methods for natural gas pipelines[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(6):128-136.
[12]王翊.蒸汽管路阀门流动与噪声源特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011:11-21.WANG Y.Research for flow field and noise source characteristic of valve in steam pipe[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011:11-21.
[13]吴石.海水管路系统流噪声测量方法及特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2003:10-50.WU S.Study on measurement method and characteristic of flow noise in sea water pipes[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2003:10-50.
[14]吴石,张文平,封海波.充液管路系统中阀门流噪声的研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2005,25(3):51-53.WU S,ZHANG W P,FENG H B.Study on flow noise of valves in fluid-filled pipeline system[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2005,25(3):51-53.
[15]吴石,张文平.阀门流场的数值模拟及流噪声的实验研究[J].阀门,2005(1):8-11.WU S,ZHANG W P.Investigated numerically on flow-field of valves and experimental study of valve-noise[J].Valve,2005(1):8-11.
[16]刘翠伟,李玉星,李雪洁,等.基于CFD模拟的输气管道阀门流噪声仿真[J].油气储运,2012,31(9):657-662.LIU C W,LI Y X,LI X J,et al.CFD analog-based valve flow noise simulation of gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(9):657-662.
[17]朱羊羊.基于数值模拟的直筒笼式阀门流噪声特性分析[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2016:7-65.ZHU Y Y.Numerical simulation based study of cage valve flow noise characteristics[D].Hangzhou:Hangzhou Dianzi University,2016:7-65.
[18]曹旭原,彭伟,罗林林,等.天然气站场调压阀及汇管噪声抑制方法[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2017(10):217-219.CAO X Y,PENG W,LUO L L,et al.Way to eliminate noise of pressure regulating valve and collection pipe in gas station[J].Automation&Instrumentation,2017(10):217-219.
[19]肖飞.笼套式节流阀气动噪声研究及结构改进[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017:21-64.X I A O F.Aero dynamic noise research and structure improvement of a cage type throttle valve[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017:21-64.
[20]吕景伟.变截面管道内流噪声预报与实验测量研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010:50-75.LYU J W.Study on prediction and experimental measurement of flow noise in pipes with varying cross-sectional area[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2010:50-75.
[21]高攀,龚翀.天然气在三通管段内流动流态的数值模拟[C].绍兴:2016中国燃气运营与安全研讨会,2016:97-103.GAO P,GONG C.Numerical simulation of natural gas phase flow field in the T-branch pipe[C].Shaoxing:2016 China Gas Operation and Safety Symposium,2016:97-103.
[22]王顺,何东升,魏秦文,等.基于ABAQUS的三通有限元分析与强度评定[J].化学工程与装备,2015(12):1-3.WANG S,HE D S,WEI Q W,et al.Three-way finite element analysis and strength evaluation based on ABAQUS[J].Chemical Engineering&Equipment,2015(12):1-3.
[23]LIGHTHILL M J.On sound generated aerodynamically.I.general theory[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,1952,211(1107):564-587.
[24]WILLIAMS E F J,HAWKINGS D L.Sound generation by turbulence and surfaces in arbitrary motion[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1969,264(1151):321-342.
[25]KJELLGREN P,DAVIDSON L.Large eddy simulation of turbulence flow noise on streamers[C].Houston:2009 SEG Annual Meeting,2009:117-121.