“太湖鲂鲌”及其亲本肌肉营养成分的分析与评价
|
摘要
为评价新型杂交鱼"太湖鲂鲌"(翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus♀×三角鲂Megalobrama terminalis♂)的肌肉营养价值,采用生化测定法比较分析了"太湖鲂鲌"、翘嘴鲌和三角鲂的肌肉营养成分,结果表明:(1)"太湖鲂鲌"肌肉水分含量显著低于翘嘴鲌和三角鲂(P<0.05),而肌肉粗蛋白质含量较高(P<0.05)。(2)"太湖鲂鲌"的必需氨基酸(EAA)含量显著高于三角鲂(P<0.05);3种鱼的第一限制性氨基酸均为含硫氨基酸(蛋氨酸+胱氨酸)。(3)"太湖鲂鲌"肌肉脂肪酸中的不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)含量显著高于翘嘴鲌和三角鲂(P<0.05)。(4)3种鱼肌肉矿物质元素铁、铜、锰、锌含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,"太湖鲂鲌"肌肉营养继承并综合了双亲的优良性状,是一种富含蛋白质、EAA和UFA的优良养殖品种,具有推广价值。
To evaluate muscle nutritive values of the hybrid F1 of female Culter alburnus × male Megalobrama terminalis(CA×MT),the proximate composition,amino acids levels,fatty acids profiles and mineral contents in muscle of Culter alburnus(CA),Megalobrama terminalis(MT),and CA×MT were measured.The results showed that muscle moisture of CA×MT were significantly lower than those of CA and MT(P<0.05),while the muscle crude protein of CA×MT was significantly higher than others(P<0.05).Muscle essential amino acids(EAA) of CA×MT was the highest one that was significantly higher than that of MT(P<0.05).According to amino acid score(AAS) and chemical score(CS),the first limiting amino acid was methionine+cysteine(Met+Cys) for all three kinds of fish.The percentage of unsaturated fatty acid(UFA) to total fatty acids of CA×MT in muscle was higher than those of CA and MT(P<0.05).The contents of iron(Fe),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn) and zinc(Zn) of three kinds of fish in muscle had no significant difference(P>0.05).In conclusion,the muscle of CA×MT has a higher nutritive value with higher protein contents,EAA and UFA.
To evaluate muscle nutritive values of the hybrid F1 of female Culter alburnus × male Megalobrama terminalis(CA×MT),the proximate composition,amino acids levels,fatty acids profiles and mineral contents in muscle of Culter alburnus(CA),Megalobrama terminalis(MT),and CA×MT were measured.The results showed that muscle moisture of CA×MT were significantly lower than those of CA and MT(P<0.05),while the muscle crude protein of CA×MT was significantly higher than others(P<0.05).Muscle essential amino acids(EAA) of CA×MT was the highest one that was significantly higher than that of MT(P<0.05).According to amino acid score(AAS) and chemical score(CS),the first limiting amino acid was methionine+cysteine(Met+Cys) for all three kinds of fish.The percentage of unsaturated fatty acid(UFA) to total fatty acids of CA×MT in muscle was higher than those of CA and MT(P<0.05).The contents of iron(Fe),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn) and zinc(Zn) of three kinds of fish in muscle had no significant difference(P>0.05).In conclusion,the muscle of CA×MT has a higher nutritive value with higher protein contents,EAA and UFA.
引文
[1]Xiang X,Zhou X H,Chen J,et al.Effects of dietary lipid levelson growth performance and body composition of juvenile Erythroculter ilishaeformis[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2009,21(3):411-416[向枭,周兴华,陈建,等.日粮脂肪水平对翘嘴红鲌幼鱼生长性能和体组成的影响.动物营养学报,2009,21(3):411-416]
[2]Jiang W P,Jia Y Y,Liu S L,et al.Comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in hybrid F1,F2 of(C.alburnus)(♀)×(M.amblycephala)(♂)and its parents[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2016,40(2):277-286[蒋文枰,贾永义,刘士力,等.鲌鲂F1、F2及其亲本肌间骨的比较分析.水生生物学报,2016,40(2):277-286]
[3]Ma H J,Liu X Y,Feng X Y,et al.Effects of protein and lipid levels on growth performance and body composition of Juvenile Megalobrama terminalis(Richardson)[J].Feed Industry,2014,35(14):19-25[马恒甲,刘新轶,冯晓宇,等.不同蛋白质、脂肪水平对三角鲂生长性能及体成分的影响.饲料工业,2014,35(14):19-25]
[4]Liu S J.Distant hybridization leads to different ploidy fishes[J].Scientia Sinica Vitae,2010,40(2):104-114[刘少军.远缘杂交导致不同倍性鱼的形成.中国科学:生命科学,2010,40(2):104-114]
[5]AOAC(Association of Official Analytical Chemists).Official methods of analysis[M].14th edn,Washington.1984,152-163
[6]Zuo R T,Ai Q H,Mai K S,et al.Effects of dietary n-3highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth,nonspecific immunity,expression of some immune related genes and disease resistance of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea)following natural infestation of parasites(Cryptocaryon irritans)[J].Fish and Shellfish Immunology,2012,32(2):249-258
[7]Ma W X,Sun X T,Zhang S J.Determination of mineral elements in skin and muscle of Andrias davidianus by FAAS[J].Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory,2010,29(5):111-113[马往校,孙新涛,张双隽.微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定大鲵皮肤和肌肉中的微量元素.分析试验室,2010,29(5):111-113]
[8]FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)/WHO(Word health Organization).Energy and Protein Requirements[M].Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.1973,63
[9]National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Food Composition Table(National Representation)[M].Beijing:People’s Medical Press.1991,30-82[中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所.食物成分表(全国代表值).北京:人民卫生出版社.1991,30-82]
[10]Liu X Z,Xu Y J,Li R,et al.Analysis and evaluation of nutritional composition of the muscle of yellowtail kingfish(Seriola aureovittata)[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(1):128-135[柳学周,徐永江,李荣,等.黄条鰤(Seriola aureovittata)肌肉营养组成分析与评价.渔业科学进展,2017,38(1):128-135]
[11]Mai K S.Nutrition and Feed of Aquatic Animals[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2011,10-28[麦康森.水产动物营养与饲料学.北京:中国农业出版社.2011,10-28]
[12]Gao L J,Huang Y Q,Xia L J,et al.Comparison of flesh quality of farmed fugu,Takifugu rubripes from different culture models[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(11):1668-1676[高露姣,黄艳青,夏连军,等.不同养殖模式下红鳍东方鲀的品质比较.水产学报,2011,35(11):1668-1676]
[13]Song C,Zhao F,Liu J Y,et al.Comparison of nutritive components in muscle of juvenile Siganus guttatus fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and artificial feed[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(6):2047-2056[宋超,赵峰,刘鉴毅,等.摄食浒苔和人工饵料的点篮子鱼幼鱼肌肉营养成分比较.动物营养学报,2017,29(6):2047-2056]
[14]He Z L,Liu S J,Xiao J,et al.Muscle nutrients of the backcross progeny of female diploid F1 hybrid(blunt snout bream×topmouth culter)×male blunt snout bream and its parents[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(10):1786-1792[何周玲,刘少军,肖军,等.翘嘴鳊及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析.水产学报,2014,38(10):1786-1792]
[15]Fan J J,Bai J J,Li S J,et al.Nutrient compositionand nutritive quality of the muscle of Micropterus salmoides,“Youlu No.1”[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2012,19(3):423-429[樊佳佳,白俊杰,李胜杰,等.大口黑鲈“优鲈1号”选育群体肌肉营养成分和品质评价.中国水产科学,2012,19(3):423-429]
[16]Qiang J,Yang H,Xu P,et al.Comparative study of the growth and nutrient composition of muscle tissue of two species of tilapia and their reciprocal hybrids[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(4):654-665[强俊,杨弘,徐跑,等.吉富罗非鱼与奥利亚罗非鱼完全双列杂交后代生长性能与肌肉营养成分的比较.中国水产科学,2015,22(4):654-665]
[17]Wang C A,Xu Q Y,Bai Q L,et al.Comparison of growth performances,nutritional composition in muscle of diploid and triploid masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou B.,1856)[J].Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2015,15(1):127-135
[18]Chang Y M,Yan H,Su B F,et al.Analysis of muscular nutritional composition in farmed Leuciscus spp.and their hybrids in a low saline-alkaline pond[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(2):332-340[常玉梅,闫浩,苏宝锋,等.低盐碱池塘养殖雅罗鱼及其杂交种肌肉营养成分分析.中国水产科学,2017,24(2):332-340]
[19]Wang W,Zhang W M.Functional properties of monounsaturated fatty acids[J].Food and Nutrition in China,2005,(4):44-46[王炜,张伟敏.单不饱和脂肪酸的功能特性.中国食物与营养,2005,(4):44-46]
[20]Wang P,Zhang Y B,Jiang M L.Research advance in polyunsaturated fatty acid[J].China Oils and Fats,2008,33(12):42-46[王萍,张银波,江木兰.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展.中国油脂,2008,33(12):42-46]
[21]Xu G F,Wang Y Y,Bai Q L,et al.Analysis of nutrient components and evaluation of nutritive quality in muscle of Lota lota(Linnaeus)[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2013,25(12):3027-3032[徐革锋,王裕玉,白庆利,等.江鳕肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.动物营养学报,2013,25(12):3027-3032]
[22]Zhang S L,Sun X J,Zhang X,et al.The dressing rate and nutrient components in muscle of Leiocassis longirostris[J].Journal of Dalian Ocean University,2013,28(1):83-88[张升利,孙向军,张欣,等.长吻鮠含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析.大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(1):83-88]
[23]Rapoport S I,Rao J,Igarashi M.Brain metabolism of nutritionally essential polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on both the diet and the liver[J].Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids,2007,77(5-6):251-261
[24]Wang Z Z,Fu Y J,Yang L,et al.Variations in body color and flesh quality of Anguilla japonica populations in different culture models[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(4):1042-1049[王志铮,付英杰,杨磊,等.三种养殖模式下日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)养成品体色和肌肉品质的差异.海洋与湖沼,2013,44(4):1042-1049]
[25]Wei J,Wang S,Nie Z L,et al.Analysis and evaluation of the nutritional components in the muscle of Schizothorax biddulphi[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica,2013,35(2):203-205[魏杰,王帅,聂竹兰,等.塔里木裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.营养学报,2013,35(2):203-205]
[26]Cui L L,Leng Y,Miao X J,et al.Evaluation of nutrient quality and composition in the muscle of Triplophysa venusta[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2016,37(2):70-75[崔丽莉,冷云,缪祥军,等.秀丽高原鳅肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.水生态学杂志,2016,37(2):70-75]
[2]Jiang W P,Jia Y Y,Liu S L,et al.Comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in hybrid F1,F2 of(C.alburnus)(♀)×(M.amblycephala)(♂)and its parents[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2016,40(2):277-286[蒋文枰,贾永义,刘士力,等.鲌鲂F1、F2及其亲本肌间骨的比较分析.水生生物学报,2016,40(2):277-286]
[3]Ma H J,Liu X Y,Feng X Y,et al.Effects of protein and lipid levels on growth performance and body composition of Juvenile Megalobrama terminalis(Richardson)[J].Feed Industry,2014,35(14):19-25[马恒甲,刘新轶,冯晓宇,等.不同蛋白质、脂肪水平对三角鲂生长性能及体成分的影响.饲料工业,2014,35(14):19-25]
[4]Liu S J.Distant hybridization leads to different ploidy fishes[J].Scientia Sinica Vitae,2010,40(2):104-114[刘少军.远缘杂交导致不同倍性鱼的形成.中国科学:生命科学,2010,40(2):104-114]
[5]AOAC(Association of Official Analytical Chemists).Official methods of analysis[M].14th edn,Washington.1984,152-163
[6]Zuo R T,Ai Q H,Mai K S,et al.Effects of dietary n-3highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth,nonspecific immunity,expression of some immune related genes and disease resistance of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea)following natural infestation of parasites(Cryptocaryon irritans)[J].Fish and Shellfish Immunology,2012,32(2):249-258
[7]Ma W X,Sun X T,Zhang S J.Determination of mineral elements in skin and muscle of Andrias davidianus by FAAS[J].Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory,2010,29(5):111-113[马往校,孙新涛,张双隽.微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定大鲵皮肤和肌肉中的微量元素.分析试验室,2010,29(5):111-113]
[8]FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)/WHO(Word health Organization).Energy and Protein Requirements[M].Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.1973,63
[9]National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Food Composition Table(National Representation)[M].Beijing:People’s Medical Press.1991,30-82[中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所.食物成分表(全国代表值).北京:人民卫生出版社.1991,30-82]
[10]Liu X Z,Xu Y J,Li R,et al.Analysis and evaluation of nutritional composition of the muscle of yellowtail kingfish(Seriola aureovittata)[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(1):128-135[柳学周,徐永江,李荣,等.黄条鰤(Seriola aureovittata)肌肉营养组成分析与评价.渔业科学进展,2017,38(1):128-135]
[11]Mai K S.Nutrition and Feed of Aquatic Animals[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2011,10-28[麦康森.水产动物营养与饲料学.北京:中国农业出版社.2011,10-28]
[12]Gao L J,Huang Y Q,Xia L J,et al.Comparison of flesh quality of farmed fugu,Takifugu rubripes from different culture models[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(11):1668-1676[高露姣,黄艳青,夏连军,等.不同养殖模式下红鳍东方鲀的品质比较.水产学报,2011,35(11):1668-1676]
[13]Song C,Zhao F,Liu J Y,et al.Comparison of nutritive components in muscle of juvenile Siganus guttatus fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and artificial feed[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(6):2047-2056[宋超,赵峰,刘鉴毅,等.摄食浒苔和人工饵料的点篮子鱼幼鱼肌肉营养成分比较.动物营养学报,2017,29(6):2047-2056]
[14]He Z L,Liu S J,Xiao J,et al.Muscle nutrients of the backcross progeny of female diploid F1 hybrid(blunt snout bream×topmouth culter)×male blunt snout bream and its parents[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(10):1786-1792[何周玲,刘少军,肖军,等.翘嘴鳊及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析.水产学报,2014,38(10):1786-1792]
[15]Fan J J,Bai J J,Li S J,et al.Nutrient compositionand nutritive quality of the muscle of Micropterus salmoides,“Youlu No.1”[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2012,19(3):423-429[樊佳佳,白俊杰,李胜杰,等.大口黑鲈“优鲈1号”选育群体肌肉营养成分和品质评价.中国水产科学,2012,19(3):423-429]
[16]Qiang J,Yang H,Xu P,et al.Comparative study of the growth and nutrient composition of muscle tissue of two species of tilapia and their reciprocal hybrids[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(4):654-665[强俊,杨弘,徐跑,等.吉富罗非鱼与奥利亚罗非鱼完全双列杂交后代生长性能与肌肉营养成分的比较.中国水产科学,2015,22(4):654-665]
[17]Wang C A,Xu Q Y,Bai Q L,et al.Comparison of growth performances,nutritional composition in muscle of diploid and triploid masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou B.,1856)[J].Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2015,15(1):127-135
[18]Chang Y M,Yan H,Su B F,et al.Analysis of muscular nutritional composition in farmed Leuciscus spp.and their hybrids in a low saline-alkaline pond[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(2):332-340[常玉梅,闫浩,苏宝锋,等.低盐碱池塘养殖雅罗鱼及其杂交种肌肉营养成分分析.中国水产科学,2017,24(2):332-340]
[19]Wang W,Zhang W M.Functional properties of monounsaturated fatty acids[J].Food and Nutrition in China,2005,(4):44-46[王炜,张伟敏.单不饱和脂肪酸的功能特性.中国食物与营养,2005,(4):44-46]
[20]Wang P,Zhang Y B,Jiang M L.Research advance in polyunsaturated fatty acid[J].China Oils and Fats,2008,33(12):42-46[王萍,张银波,江木兰.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展.中国油脂,2008,33(12):42-46]
[21]Xu G F,Wang Y Y,Bai Q L,et al.Analysis of nutrient components and evaluation of nutritive quality in muscle of Lota lota(Linnaeus)[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2013,25(12):3027-3032[徐革锋,王裕玉,白庆利,等.江鳕肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.动物营养学报,2013,25(12):3027-3032]
[22]Zhang S L,Sun X J,Zhang X,et al.The dressing rate and nutrient components in muscle of Leiocassis longirostris[J].Journal of Dalian Ocean University,2013,28(1):83-88[张升利,孙向军,张欣,等.长吻鮠含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析.大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(1):83-88]
[23]Rapoport S I,Rao J,Igarashi M.Brain metabolism of nutritionally essential polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on both the diet and the liver[J].Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids,2007,77(5-6):251-261
[24]Wang Z Z,Fu Y J,Yang L,et al.Variations in body color and flesh quality of Anguilla japonica populations in different culture models[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(4):1042-1049[王志铮,付英杰,杨磊,等.三种养殖模式下日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)养成品体色和肌肉品质的差异.海洋与湖沼,2013,44(4):1042-1049]
[25]Wei J,Wang S,Nie Z L,et al.Analysis and evaluation of the nutritional components in the muscle of Schizothorax biddulphi[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica,2013,35(2):203-205[魏杰,王帅,聂竹兰,等.塔里木裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.营养学报,2013,35(2):203-205]
[26]Cui L L,Leng Y,Miao X J,et al.Evaluation of nutrient quality and composition in the muscle of Triplophysa venusta[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2016,37(2):70-75[崔丽莉,冷云,缪祥军,等.秀丽高原鳅肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价.水生态学杂志,2016,37(2):70-75]