云贵高原湖区典型湖泊沉积物溶解性有机氮分布特征研究
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摘要
选择云贵高原湖区程海、泸沽湖、杞麓湖沉积物样品,用1 mol/L KCl溶液提取沉积物中溶解性有机氮(DON),研究了DON和氨基酸(AA)的含量变化,探讨了沉积物样品的DON分子量分级特征。结果表明:云贵高原湖区沉积物DON为9.63~103.61 mg/kg,均值为39.80 mg/kg;AA为4.02~25.78 mg/kg,均值为10.88 mg/kg;DON和AA均低于东部平原湖区。污染严重的杞麓湖DON和AA含量较高,主要来自流域内依湖而建的村落生活污水的输入;程海和泸沽湖沉积物中DON和AA污染相对较轻。沉积物DON和AA含量与沉积物其他形态氮、溶解性有机碳(DOC)等污染指标均表现出显著正相关性。DON分子量分级结果显示:该湖区沉积物DON以分子量<1、>30 ku为主,其中杞麓湖受人类活动影响较大,沉积物中分子量<1 ku的DON占主要部分,而程海和泸沽湖污染较轻,沉积物中分子量>30 ku的占比更高。
Dissolved organic nitrogen( DON) in sediment samples from Lake Chenghai,Lake Lugu and Lake Qilu in Yunan-Guizhou Plateau were extracted by 1 mol/L KCl. The contents of DON and amino acids( AA) were studied and the characteristics of DON molecular weight( MW) fractionation were discussed. The results indicated that DON in lake sediments of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau ranged from 9. 63 mg/kg to 103. 61 mg/kg,averaged 39. 80 mg/kg,while AA varied from4. 02 mg/kg to 25. 78 mg/kg,averaged 10. 88 mg/kg. DON and AA contents in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau were lower than those in eastern plain region. Lake Qilu was seriously polluted with high DON and AA contents in sediments,and rural domestic sewage input around the lake region was the main pollution source. DON and AA contents in Lake Chenghai and Lake Lugu were relatively low. The DON and AA contents were significantly correlated with other nitrogen forms and dissolved organic carbon( DOC). DON MW fractionation results indicated that the dominant fractions of DON in lake sediments of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau were the fractions with MW < 1 ku and MW > 30 ku. The low MW fractions( < 1 ku) accounted higher DON ratio in sediments of Lake Qilu due to anthropogenic activities impact,while the large MW fractions( > 30 ku) were the main DON fractions in sediments of Lake Chenghai and Lake Lugu because of their low pollution levels.
Dissolved organic nitrogen( DON) in sediment samples from Lake Chenghai,Lake Lugu and Lake Qilu in Yunan-Guizhou Plateau were extracted by 1 mol/L KCl. The contents of DON and amino acids( AA) were studied and the characteristics of DON molecular weight( MW) fractionation were discussed. The results indicated that DON in lake sediments of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau ranged from 9. 63 mg/kg to 103. 61 mg/kg,averaged 39. 80 mg/kg,while AA varied from4. 02 mg/kg to 25. 78 mg/kg,averaged 10. 88 mg/kg. DON and AA contents in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau were lower than those in eastern plain region. Lake Qilu was seriously polluted with high DON and AA contents in sediments,and rural domestic sewage input around the lake region was the main pollution source. DON and AA contents in Lake Chenghai and Lake Lugu were relatively low. The DON and AA contents were significantly correlated with other nitrogen forms and dissolved organic carbon( DOC). DON MW fractionation results indicated that the dominant fractions of DON in lake sediments of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau were the fractions with MW < 1 ku and MW > 30 ku. The low MW fractions( < 1 ku) accounted higher DON ratio in sediments of Lake Qilu due to anthropogenic activities impact,while the large MW fractions( > 30 ku) were the main DON fractions in sediments of Lake Chenghai and Lake Lugu because of their low pollution levels.
引文
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[2]华飞,赵广超,张靖天,等.山口湖沉积物中溶解性有机氮的分布特征[J].环境工程技术学报,2015,5(2).
[3]BERMAN T,BRONK D A.Dissolved organic nitrogen:a dynamic participant in aquatic ecosystems[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2003,31(3):279-305.
[4]于红蕾,霍守亮,张靖天,等.污水中溶解游离氨基酸和结合氨基酸测定方法研究[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(11):4333-4338.
[5]HUO Shouliang,YU Honglei,XI Beidou,et al.Characteristics of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)in the surface water of Beijing Olympic Forest Park[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,71(9).
[6]LEE W,WESTERHOFF P.Dissolved organic nitrogen measurement using dialysis pretreatment[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,39(3):879-884.
[7]CHON K,LEE Y,TRABER J,et al.Quantification and characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in wastewater effluents by electrodialysis treatment followed by size-exclusion chromatography with nitrogen detection[J].Water Research,2013,47(14):5381-5391.
[8]PEPETA D J,QUAN T M,ALUWIHARE L I,et al.Chemical characterization of high molecular weight dissolved organic matter in fresh and marine waters[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2002,66(6):955-962.
[9]金相灿,刘鸿亮,屠清瑛,等.中国湖泊富营养化[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[10]ZAN Fengyu,HUO Shouliang,XI Beidou,et al.A 60-year sedimentary record of natural and anthropogenic impacts on Lake Chenghai,China[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2012,24(4).
[11]HUO Shouliang,ZAN Fengyu,XI Beidou,et al.Phosphorus fractionation in different trophic sediments of lakes from different regions,China[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2011,13(4):1088-1095.
[12]王苏民,窦鸿身.中国湖泊志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[13]CHUTIPONGTANATE S,WATCHARATANYATIP K,HOMVISES T,et al.Systematic comparisons of various spectrophotometric and colorimetric methods to measure concentrations of protein,peptide and amino acid:detectable limits,linear dynamic ranges,interferences,practicality and unit costs[J].Talanta,2012,98:123-129.
[14]LEE W,WESTERHOFF P.Dissolved organic nitrogen removal during water treatment by aluminum sulfate and cationic polymer coagulation[J].Water Research,2006,40(20):3767-3774.
[15]高悦文,王圣瑞,张伟华,等.洱海沉积物中溶解性有机氮季节性变化[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(6):659-665.
[16]HUO Shouliang,ZHANG Jingtian,XI Beidou,et al.Distribution of nitrogen forms in surface sediments of lakes from different regions,China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,71(5):2167-2175.
[17]鲁选超.从杞麓湖的环境保护执法看我国基层环境执法的困境与出路[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2012.
[18]李青芹,霍守亮,昝逢宇,等.我国湖泊沉积物营养盐和粒度分布及其关系研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(12):2390-2397.
[19]沈吉,薛滨,吴敬禄,等.湖泊沉积与环境演化[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[20]HUO Shouliang,XI Beidou,YU Honglei,et al.Characteristics and transformations of dissolved organic nitrogen in municipal biological nitrogen removal wastewater treatment plants[J].Environmental Research Letters,2013,8(4):044005.
[21]高雪梅,黄沐亮,阙辰月,等.林地生态系统土壤可溶性有机氮库及其生态功能研究进展[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(6):1135-1141.