盐穴储气库造腔巨厚隔层处理的新思路
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摘要
目前,在盐穴储气库造腔过程中,处理不溶物夹层的方式多为使其充分浸泡至弱化后自然垮塌,但对于厚度超过10 m的巨厚不溶物隔层,使其垮塌十分困难,巨厚隔层垮塌的极限跨度可达60 m左右,通过浸泡使其垮塌需要的时间长,造腔效率低,还可能损坏厚隔层下部的造腔管柱。以淮安储气库某井地质参数为例,提出一种在允许巨厚隔层存在的基础上进行造腔的新思路,即在隔层上下分别造腔,上部常规造腔、下部造水平腔,上下部的腔体在水平方向错开分布,以保证巨厚隔层作为下部水平腔顶板的稳定性。模拟结果表明:这种造腔方式比同等盐层条件下可多造约5×104m3腔体,并且避免了下部造腔管柱被垮塌隔层损坏的风险。此外,提出在地面采用丛式井技术布井,以降低征地和钻机搬家安装费用,并使用移动式钻机优化钻井程序,改善造腔过程中钻井作业的经济性。(图10,表1,参20)
At present, the most popular method to deal with thick insoluble interlayers in the solution mining of salt-cavern gas storage is to weaken the strength of the insoluble interlayers by immersing them sufficiently until they collapse naturally.For thick insoluble interlayers whose thickness is more than 10 m, however, the collapse is quite difficult. The critical collapse span for the thick insoluble interlayers could be as much as 60 m, and its collapse by full immersion takes long time, so that the solution mining efficiency is decreased and the leaching strings below thick interlayers may be damaged. In this paper, an innovative solution mining method in consideration of thick interlayers was proposed with the geological data of one well in Huai'an Gas Storage as an example. In this innovative method, solution mining is carried out separately above and under the interlayer. A conventional vertical cavern is leached above the interlayer, while a horizontal cavern is leached below the interlayer. The cavern above the interlayer is horizontally staggered from the one below the interlayer to maintain the stability of the thick insoluble interlayer as the roof of the horizontal cavern. It is indicated from the simulation results that by virtue of this innovative method, a cavern volume of 50 000 m3 more can be created in the same conditions of salt layer, and the damage risk to the leaching string below the interlayer can be avoided. Finally, it was recommended to arrange wells by the cluster well technology so as to reduce land charges and rig moving and installation expenses while optimizing the drilling procedure by adopting the mobile drilling unit so as to improve the economical efficiency of drilling operation in the process of solution mining.(10 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
At present, the most popular method to deal with thick insoluble interlayers in the solution mining of salt-cavern gas storage is to weaken the strength of the insoluble interlayers by immersing them sufficiently until they collapse naturally.For thick insoluble interlayers whose thickness is more than 10 m, however, the collapse is quite difficult. The critical collapse span for the thick insoluble interlayers could be as much as 60 m, and its collapse by full immersion takes long time, so that the solution mining efficiency is decreased and the leaching strings below thick interlayers may be damaged. In this paper, an innovative solution mining method in consideration of thick interlayers was proposed with the geological data of one well in Huai'an Gas Storage as an example. In this innovative method, solution mining is carried out separately above and under the interlayer. A conventional vertical cavern is leached above the interlayer, while a horizontal cavern is leached below the interlayer. The cavern above the interlayer is horizontally staggered from the one below the interlayer to maintain the stability of the thick insoluble interlayer as the roof of the horizontal cavern. It is indicated from the simulation results that by virtue of this innovative method, a cavern volume of 50 000 m3 more can be created in the same conditions of salt layer, and the damage risk to the leaching string below the interlayer can be avoided. Finally, it was recommended to arrange wells by the cluster well technology so as to reduce land charges and rig moving and installation expenses while optimizing the drilling procedure by adopting the mobile drilling unit so as to improve the economical efficiency of drilling operation in the process of solution mining.(10 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
引文
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[10]郑雅丽,赵艳杰,丁国生,等.厚夹层盐穴储气库扩大储气空间造腔技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(1):1-7.ZHENG Y L,ZHAO Y J,DING G S,et al.Solution mining technology of enlarging space for thick-sandwich salt cavern storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):1-7.
[11]邓祖佑,王少昌,姜正龙,等.天然气封盖层的突破压力[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):136-138.DENG Z Y,WANG S C,JIANG Z L,et al.Breaking pressure of gas cap rocks[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(2):136-138.
[12]王元刚,陈加松,刘春,等.盐穴储气库巨厚夹层垮塌控制工艺[J].油气储运,2017,36(9):1035-1041.WANG Y G,CHEN J S,LIU C,et al.The technology for controlling the collapse of thick interlayer during the construction of salt-cavern gas storages[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2017,36(9):1035-1041.
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[14]THOMS R L,GEHLE R M.Feasibility of controlled solution mining from horizontal wells[C].Louisiana:SMRI Fall 1993Technical Meeting,1993:1-9.
[15]JAIME D,LUCIANO P,RICARDO C,et al.Improving dual well horizontal cavern volume and shape predictions by postprocessing single well sonar data[C].Leipzig:SMRI Fall 2010Technical Conference,2010:1-9.
[16]ANDRZEJ S.K,KAZIMIERZ M U.Modelling of horizontal cavern leaching:main aspects and perspectives[C].San Antonio:SMRI,Fall 1995 Technical Meeting,1995:1-18.
[17]KAZARYAN V A,POZDNYAKOV A G,MALYUKOVV P,et al.The use of solvent recirculation at Target Cavern I,leaching for horizontal cavity creation and quality brine output[C].Basel:SMRI Fall 2007 Technical Conference,2007:MP2007S_Kazaryan_2.
[18]REZUNENKO V,SMIRNOV V,KAZARYAN V.Tunnel type underground reservoir construction project[C].Orlando:SMRI,Fall 2001 Technical Meeting,2001:1-12.
[19]杨海军,王元刚,李建君,等.层状盐层中水平腔建库及运行的可行性[J].油气储运,2017,36(8):867-874.YANG H J,WANG Y G,LI J J,et al.Feasibility of construction and operation of strata aligned cavern in bedded salt[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2017,36(8):867-874.
[20]JAIME D,LUCIANO P,RICARDO C,et al.Improving dual well horizontal cavern volume and shape predictions by postprocessing single well sonar data[C].Leipzig:SMRI Fall 2010Technical Conference,2010:1-9.
[2]徐孜俊,班凡生.多夹层盐穴储气库造腔技术问题及对策[J].现代盐化工,2015(2):10-14.XU Z J,BAN F S.Engineering technology difficulties and countermeasures of solution mining of multi-interlayer rock salt gas storage[J].Salt and Chemical Industry,2015(2):10-14.
[3]高树生,杨广雷,班凡生,等.岩盐储气库溶腔内夹层数值模拟研究[C].沈阳:全国岩石力学与工程学术大会,2006:223-228.GAO S S,YANG G L,BAN F S,et al.Numeral simulation research of interlayers in the salt gas storage caverns[C].Shenyang:Rock Mechanics and Engineering Technical Conference,2006:223-228.
[4]马旭强.多夹层盐矿储气库稳定性和造腔效率研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016:8-21.MA X Q.Stability and solution mining efficiency research of multi interbedded salt underground gas storages[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016:8-21.
[5]王同涛,闫相祯,杨恒林,等.多夹层盐穴储气库群间矿柱稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(5):790-795.WANG T T,YAN X Z,YANG H L,et al.Stability analysis of pillars between bedded salt cavern gas storages[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(5):790-795.
[6]施锡林,李银平,杨春和,等.盐穴储气库水溶造腔夹层垮塌力学机制研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(12):3615-3620.SHI X L,LI Y P,YANG C H,et al.Research on mechanical mechanism of interlayer collapse in solution mining for salt cavern gas storage[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(12):3615-3620.
[7]郭凯,李建君,郑贤斌.盐穴储气库造腔过程夹层处理工艺--以西气东输金坛储气库为例[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):162-166.GUO K,LI J J,ZHENG X B.Interlayer treatment process in cavity building for salt cavern gas storage-A case study of Jintan Gas Storage of West-to-East Gas Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):162-166.
[8]孟涛,梁卫国,陈跃都,等.层状盐岩溶腔建造过程中石膏夹层周期性垮塌理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊1):3267-3273.MENG T,LIANG W G,CHEN Y D,et al.Theoretical analysis of periodic fracture for gypsum interlayer during construction of bedded salt cavern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(S1):3267-3273.
[9]袁炽.层状盐岩储库夹层垮塌的理论分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(2):14-20.YUAN C.Theoretical analysis of the interlayer collapse in solution mining of the salt cavern[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(2):14-20.
[10]郑雅丽,赵艳杰,丁国生,等.厚夹层盐穴储气库扩大储气空间造腔技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(1):1-7.ZHENG Y L,ZHAO Y J,DING G S,et al.Solution mining technology of enlarging space for thick-sandwich salt cavern storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):1-7.
[11]邓祖佑,王少昌,姜正龙,等.天然气封盖层的突破压力[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):136-138.DENG Z Y,WANG S C,JIANG Z L,et al.Breaking pressure of gas cap rocks[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(2):136-138.
[12]王元刚,陈加松,刘春,等.盐穴储气库巨厚夹层垮塌控制工艺[J].油气储运,2017,36(9):1035-1041.WANG Y G,CHEN J S,LIU C,et al.The technology for controlling the collapse of thick interlayer during the construction of salt-cavern gas storages[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2017,36(9):1035-1041.
[13]GOMM H,PETERS L.Cluster cavern well drilling-advantages and limitations[C].Hannover:SMRI Fall 1994 Meeting,1994:MP1994F_Gomm.
[14]THOMS R L,GEHLE R M.Feasibility of controlled solution mining from horizontal wells[C].Louisiana:SMRI Fall 1993Technical Meeting,1993:1-9.
[15]JAIME D,LUCIANO P,RICARDO C,et al.Improving dual well horizontal cavern volume and shape predictions by postprocessing single well sonar data[C].Leipzig:SMRI Fall 2010Technical Conference,2010:1-9.
[16]ANDRZEJ S.K,KAZIMIERZ M U.Modelling of horizontal cavern leaching:main aspects and perspectives[C].San Antonio:SMRI,Fall 1995 Technical Meeting,1995:1-18.
[17]KAZARYAN V A,POZDNYAKOV A G,MALYUKOVV P,et al.The use of solvent recirculation at Target Cavern I,leaching for horizontal cavity creation and quality brine output[C].Basel:SMRI Fall 2007 Technical Conference,2007:MP2007S_Kazaryan_2.
[18]REZUNENKO V,SMIRNOV V,KAZARYAN V.Tunnel type underground reservoir construction project[C].Orlando:SMRI,Fall 2001 Technical Meeting,2001:1-12.
[19]杨海军,王元刚,李建君,等.层状盐层中水平腔建库及运行的可行性[J].油气储运,2017,36(8):867-874.YANG H J,WANG Y G,LI J J,et al.Feasibility of construction and operation of strata aligned cavern in bedded salt[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2017,36(8):867-874.
[20]JAIME D,LUCIANO P,RICARDO C,et al.Improving dual well horizontal cavern volume and shape predictions by postprocessing single well sonar data[C].Leipzig:SMRI Fall 2010Technical Conference,2010:1-9.