山东莱西花生产区昆虫群落基本结构及多样性研究
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摘要
【目的】花生是山东省主要油料作物,为阐明山东莱西花生田昆虫群落结构及多样性。【方法】2014年6月到2015年6月采用马来氏网法对该地区花生田昆虫群落结构进行了调查研究。【结果】全年共获得各类昆虫标本89 967头,分属于13目、117科;主要以膜翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目和半翅目为主,其中茧蜂科(膜翅目)、露尾甲科(鞘翅目)、缟蝇科(双翅目)、夜蛾科(鳞翅目)、蚜科(半翅目)为科级优势类群;花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch、小绿叶蝉Jacobiasca formosana、小地老虎Agrotis ypsilon、棉铃虫Heliothis armigera、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura、异色瓢虫Leis axyrids、蚜茧蜂(Aphidiidae)、啮小蜂(Tetrastichidae)、黑带食蚜蝇Epistrophe balteata De Geer等为优势种。【结论】多样性分析结果表明,该地区花生田昆虫群落结构的多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数较高,三者呈一致趋势,说明莱西花生田昆虫群落具有较高稳定性。
[Objectives] To clarify the structure and diversity of insect communities in peanut fields in Laixi, Shandong province. [Methods] The insect community structure of peanut fields was investigated using malaise trapping from June 2014 to June 2015. [Results] A total of 89 967 insects from 13 orders and 117 families were collected throughout the year. The main orders were the Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera, and the dominant families in each order were the Braconidae(Hymenoptera), Nitidulidae(Coleoptera), Lauxaniidae(Diptera), Noctuidae(Lepidoptera) and Aphididae(Hemiptera). [Conclusion] The results of diversity analysis show that diversity, evenness, and richness, indices were consistently high in peanut fields. These results indicate that the insect community structure in Laixi peanut fields has high stability.
[Objectives] To clarify the structure and diversity of insect communities in peanut fields in Laixi, Shandong province. [Methods] The insect community structure of peanut fields was investigated using malaise trapping from June 2014 to June 2015. [Results] A total of 89 967 insects from 13 orders and 117 families were collected throughout the year. The main orders were the Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera, and the dominant families in each order were the Braconidae(Hymenoptera), Nitidulidae(Coleoptera), Lauxaniidae(Diptera), Noctuidae(Lepidoptera) and Aphididae(Hemiptera). [Conclusion] The results of diversity analysis show that diversity, evenness, and richness, indices were consistently high in peanut fields. These results indicate that the insect community structure in Laixi peanut fields has high stability.
引文
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Song WJ,Ma L,Wang H,Han XB,2007.Diversity of insect communities by the lakeside in zhalong Nature Resereve.Jouranl of Northeast Forestry University,35(7):80-81.
Wang XW,2014.Studies on structure and dynamics of arthropod communities in spring wheat field.Master dissertation.Nanning:Guangxi University.[王孝威,2014.春麦田节肢动物群落结构和动态研究.硕士学位论文.南宁:广西大学.]
Wei LN,2014.Study on the Arthropod community structure and dynamics in tobacco field of jingxi county.Master dissertation.Nanning:Guangxi University.[韦柳妮,2014.靖西县烟田节肢动物群落结构及其动态研究.硕士学位论文.南宁:广西大学.]
Wu LL,2014.Arthropod community research on canola.Master dissertation.Yangling:Northwest A&F University.[吴亮亮,2014.油菜田节肢动物群落研究.硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学.]
Xu HF,Mu JY,Mu SM,Yang QM,1999.Study on arthropod community in summer maize field in cotton area.Entomological Journal of East China,8(1):76-80.[徐洪福,牟吉元,牟少敏,杨勤民,1999.棉区夏玉米田节肢动物群落的研究.华东昆虫学报,8(1):76-80.]
Yang J,Huang MH,2002.Groundnut production in China:A review and prospect.Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,17(3):35-41.[杨静,黄漫红,2002.中国的花生生产:回顾与展望.北京农学院学报,17(3):35-41.]
Yin SZ,Wang LH,Wang YB,2011.Analysis on structure of insect peanut community in peanut fields.Beijing Agriculture,(15):52-54.[尹绍忠,王刘豪,王运兵,2011.花生田昆虫群落结构分析.北京农业,(15):52-54.]
You P,Li HH,2006.Species richness and diversity of moth communities in Tianjin Wetlands.Implications for Environmental Management,26(3):629-637.[尤平,李后魂,2006.天津湿地蛾类丰富度和多样性及其环境评价.生态学报,26(3):629-637.]
Zhao HY,Qin S,Ji XC,Tang LD,2015.Seasonal dynamics and community structure of insects in eggplant field in Hainan.China Plant Protection,(12):9-15.[赵海燕,秦双,吉训聪,唐良德,2015.海南茄子田昆虫群落结构与时序动态.中国植保导刊,(12):9-15.]
Gu W,Ma L,Ding XH,Zhang J,Han ZJ,2011.Insect diversity of different habitat types in Zhalong Wetland,Northeast China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,22(9):2405-2412.
Han ZW,Ma L,Cao CW,Zhang J,Wang BY,2013.The structure and diversity of insect community in Taihu Wetland.Implications for Environmental Management,33(14):4387-4397.[韩争伟,马玲,曹传旺,张静,王步勇,2013.太湖湿地昆虫群落结构及多样性.生态学报,33(14):4387-4397.]
Huang X,2015.Studies on plant diversity of urban greenbelt in Wuhai.Master dissertation.Yangling:Northwest A&F University.[黄欣,2015.乌海市绿地植物多样性研究.硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学.]
Liu Y,2014.Study on green control tactics against white grubs in peanut fields in Shandong Province.Master dissertation.Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.[刘瑶,2014.山东省花生田蛴螬类地下害虫绿色防控技术研究.硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学.]
Lv JZ,Liang H,Zhang ZM,Dai LX,2009.The nutrition and health value of peanut kernels.Food and Nutrition in China,(2):50-52.[吕巨智,梁和,张智猛,戴良香,2009.花生仁的营养成分及保健价值.中国食物与营养,(2):50-52.]
Qiu MS,Zhang XX,Wang JJ,Zhao ZM,2001.Seasonal characteristics of arthropod communities in maize fields.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,14(1):70-74.[邱明生,张孝羲,王进军,赵志模,2001.玉米田节肢动物群落特征的时序动态.西南农业学报,14(1):70-74.]
Song WJ,Ma L,Wang H,Han XB,2007.Diversity of insect communities by the lakeside in zhalong Nature Resereve.Jouranl of Northeast Forestry University,35(7):80-81.
Wang XW,2014.Studies on structure and dynamics of arthropod communities in spring wheat field.Master dissertation.Nanning:Guangxi University.[王孝威,2014.春麦田节肢动物群落结构和动态研究.硕士学位论文.南宁:广西大学.]
Wei LN,2014.Study on the Arthropod community structure and dynamics in tobacco field of jingxi county.Master dissertation.Nanning:Guangxi University.[韦柳妮,2014.靖西县烟田节肢动物群落结构及其动态研究.硕士学位论文.南宁:广西大学.]
Wu LL,2014.Arthropod community research on canola.Master dissertation.Yangling:Northwest A&F University.[吴亮亮,2014.油菜田节肢动物群落研究.硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学.]
Xu HF,Mu JY,Mu SM,Yang QM,1999.Study on arthropod community in summer maize field in cotton area.Entomological Journal of East China,8(1):76-80.[徐洪福,牟吉元,牟少敏,杨勤民,1999.棉区夏玉米田节肢动物群落的研究.华东昆虫学报,8(1):76-80.]
Yang J,Huang MH,2002.Groundnut production in China:A review and prospect.Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,17(3):35-41.[杨静,黄漫红,2002.中国的花生生产:回顾与展望.北京农学院学报,17(3):35-41.]
Yin SZ,Wang LH,Wang YB,2011.Analysis on structure of insect peanut community in peanut fields.Beijing Agriculture,(15):52-54.[尹绍忠,王刘豪,王运兵,2011.花生田昆虫群落结构分析.北京农业,(15):52-54.]
You P,Li HH,2006.Species richness and diversity of moth communities in Tianjin Wetlands.Implications for Environmental Management,26(3):629-637.[尤平,李后魂,2006.天津湿地蛾类丰富度和多样性及其环境评价.生态学报,26(3):629-637.]
Zhao HY,Qin S,Ji XC,Tang LD,2015.Seasonal dynamics and community structure of insects in eggplant field in Hainan.China Plant Protection,(12):9-15.[赵海燕,秦双,吉训聪,唐良德,2015.海南茄子田昆虫群落结构与时序动态.中国植保导刊,(12):9-15.]