马铃薯甲虫田间定殖过程及其种群消长动态
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摘要
【目的】研究马铃薯甲虫田间定殖与种群消长动态,为马铃薯的科学防治提供参考和依据。【方法】系统调查乌鲁木齐市西山农牧场和三坪农场马铃薯生长期,田间马铃薯甲虫种群消长规律,分析比较田间不同空间位置寄主植物上马铃薯甲虫种群数量,确定定殖时间与迁移过程。【结果】西山农牧场和三坪农场马铃薯甲虫定殖规律为:寄主作物田外马铃薯甲虫成虫出土后,最初迁移抵达寄主田块边缘,随后逐步向田块中心扩散,直至覆盖整个田块;马铃薯甲虫种群数量与定殖时间呈负相关,定殖时间越早,马铃薯甲虫种群数量越大;马铃薯甲虫种群数量与定殖点距离有一定的关系,在马铃薯甲虫定殖的早期,马铃薯甲虫与定殖距离呈负相关,定殖距离越大,马铃薯甲虫种群数量越小;随后两者的相关性逐渐降低,在后期两者呈正相关。【结论】马铃薯甲虫的定殖时间和定殖位置均会对其种群数量产生影响,应在田块边缘区域开展越冬代马铃薯甲虫成虫的早期监测,有效确定轮作田块内马铃薯甲虫种群的定殖与迁移过程。
【Objective】 To further clarify the progress of colonization and population dynamic of Colorado potato beetles in the field, and reduce the occurrence and population spread to ensure the development and safety of potato production in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The dynamics of Colorado potato beetle population in Xishan Farm's and Sanping Farm's fields during potato growing period was investigated systematically and the pest population number was analyzed and compared on host plants in different spatial locations in the field, and the colonization time and migration process were determined by analyzing and comparing the population number.【Result】 The colonization of Colorado potato beetles in Xishan Farm and Sanping Farm was: After the overwintered Colorado potato beetles were unearthed from the host crop field, they first migrated to the edge of the host field and then gradually spread to the center of the field until it covered the entire field; there was negatively relationship between the number of Colorado potato beetles and the colonization time. The earlier the colonization time, the larger the population of Colorado potato beetles. The population of Colorado potato beetles had a certain relationship with the colonization distance. In the early stage of colonization, the Colorado potato beetles and colonization distance were negatively correlated, the greater the colonization distance, the smaller the population of Colorado potato beetles; the correlation between the two was gradually reduced, and there was a positive correlation between them in the later period.【Conclusion】 In the field, the schedule of overwintered Colorado potato beetles colonization was related to the distance of the overwintering site. The edge of the field near the overwintering point was usually the earliest colony of Colorado potato beetles. The early monitoring of overwintering Colorado potato beetle adults in the marginal area can effectively define the colonization and migration process of Colorado potato beetle population in the field.
【Objective】 To further clarify the progress of colonization and population dynamic of Colorado potato beetles in the field, and reduce the occurrence and population spread to ensure the development and safety of potato production in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The dynamics of Colorado potato beetle population in Xishan Farm's and Sanping Farm's fields during potato growing period was investigated systematically and the pest population number was analyzed and compared on host plants in different spatial locations in the field, and the colonization time and migration process were determined by analyzing and comparing the population number.【Result】 The colonization of Colorado potato beetles in Xishan Farm and Sanping Farm was: After the overwintered Colorado potato beetles were unearthed from the host crop field, they first migrated to the edge of the host field and then gradually spread to the center of the field until it covered the entire field; there was negatively relationship between the number of Colorado potato beetles and the colonization time. The earlier the colonization time, the larger the population of Colorado potato beetles. The population of Colorado potato beetles had a certain relationship with the colonization distance. In the early stage of colonization, the Colorado potato beetles and colonization distance were negatively correlated, the greater the colonization distance, the smaller the population of Colorado potato beetles; the correlation between the two was gradually reduced, and there was a positive correlation between them in the later period.【Conclusion】 In the field, the schedule of overwintered Colorado potato beetles colonization was related to the distance of the overwintering site. The edge of the field near the overwintering point was usually the earliest colony of Colorado potato beetles. The early monitoring of overwintering Colorado potato beetle adults in the marginal area can effectively define the colonization and migration process of Colorado potato beetle population in the field.
引文
[1]郭文超,吐尔逊,许建军,等.(2010).马铃薯甲虫识别及其在新疆的分布、传播和危害[J].新疆农业科学,47(5):906-909.GUO Wen-chao,Tuerxun Ahemaiti,XU Jian-jun,et al.(2010).Research on the identification of Colorado potato beetle & Its distribution dispersal and damage in Xinjiang [J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,47(5):906-909.(in Chinese)
[2] Alyokhin A.(2009).Colorado potato beetle management on potatoes:current challenges and future prospects.Fruit,Veg.Cereal Sci.Biotech,3:10-19.
[3] 郭文超,吐尔逊,程登发,等.我国马铃薯甲虫主要生物学,生态学技术研究进展及监测与防控对策[J].植物保护,2014,40(1):1-11.GUO Wen-chao,Tuerxun Ahemaiti,CHENG Deng-fa,et al.(2014).Main progress on biology & ecology of Colorado potato beetle and countermeasures of its monitoring and controlling in China [J].Plant Protection,40(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
[4] Liu,N.,Li,Y.,& Zhang,R.(2012).Invasion of colorado potato beetle,leptinotarsa decemlineata,in china:dispersal,occurrence,and economic impact.Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,143(3):207-217.
[5] 李超,彭赫,程登发,等.马铃薯甲虫成虫田间扩散规律.生态学报,2014,34(2):359-366.LI Chao,PENG He,CHENG Deng-fa,et al.(2014).Diffusion of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata,adults in field [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,34(2) :359-366.(in Chinese)
[6] Sandeson,P.D.,Boiteau,G.,& Le Blanc,J.P.R.(2004).Effect of adult colorado potato beetle density on dispersal under field conditions.Environmental Entomology,33(5):1,421-1,430.
[7] Mazzi,D.,& Dorn,S..(2012).Movement of insect pests in agricultural landscapes.Annals of Applied Biology,160(2):97-113.
[8] Boiteau,G.(2005).Within-field spatial structure of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) populations in New Brunswick.Environmental Entomology,34(2):446-456.
[9] Boiteau,G.,& Heikkil?,J.(2013).Chapter 12 - successional and invasive colonization of the potato crop by the colorado potato beetle :managing spread.Insect Pests of Potato,18(2):339-371.
[10] Kluiters,G.,Swales,H.,Baylis,M.(2015).Local dispersal of palaearctic Culicoides biting midges estimated by mark-release-recapture.Parasit Vectors,8:86.
[11] Boiteau,G.(2002).Flight takeoff behavior of Colorado potato beetle.The Canadian Entomologist,134(2):229-240.
[12] Blom,P.E.,Fleischer,.S.J.,Smilowitz,Z.(2002).Spatial and temporal dynamics of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) in fields with perimeter and spatially targeted insecticides.Environmental Entomology,31(1):149-159.
[13] Follett,P.A.,Cantelo,W.W.,Roderick,G.,K.(1996).Local dispersal of overwintered Colorado potato beetle (Chrysomelidae:Coleoptera) determined by mark and recapture.Environmental Entomology,25(6):1,304-1,311.
[14] Boiteau G.(2001).Recruitment by flight and walking in a one-generation Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) environment.Environmental Entomology,30(2):306-317.
[15] Boiteau,G.,Alyokhin,A.,Ferro,D.(2003).The Colorado potato beetle in movement.The Canadian Entomologist,135(1):1-22.
[16] Boiteau,G.,MacKinley,P.(2015).Contribution of habitat type to residency and dispersal choices by overwintered and summer adult Colorado potato beetles.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,155(3):249-256.
[17] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Leskey,T.,et al.(2014).Impact of host plant connectivity,crop border and patch size on adult Colorado potato beetle retention.PLoS ONE,9(5):e95717.
[18] 郭文超,吐尔逊,许咏梅,等.马铃薯甲虫持续防控技术研究与应用.新疆农业科学,2011,48(2):197-203.GUO Wen-chao,Tuerxuno·Ahemaiti,XU Yong-mei,et al.(2011).Study and application on sustained and integrated control techniques of Colorado potato beetle[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,48(2):197-203.(in Chinese)
[19] GUO Wen-chao,LI Chao,Tuerxuno.Ahemaiti,et al.(2017).Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).Biological Invasions and Its Management in China.ed.By F.Wan,M.Jiang and A.Zhang.Springer,(1):195-217.
[20] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Meloche,F.,et al.(2011).Harmonic radar:efficacy at detecting and recovering insects on agricultural host plants.Pest Management Science,67(2):213-219.
[21] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Meloche,F.,& Leskey,T.C.(2010).Harmonic radar:assessing the impact of tag weight on walking activity of colorado potato beetle,plum curculio,and western corn rootworm.Journal of Economic Entomology,103(1):63-69.
[22] Gui,L.Y.,& Boiteau,G.(2010).Effect of food deprivation on the ambulatory movement of the colorado potato beetle,leptinotarsa decemlineata.Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,134(2):138-145.
[23] Lee,D.H.,Wright,S.E.,Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,& Leskey,T.C.(2013).Effectiveness of glues for harmonic radar tag attachment on halyomorpha halys (hemiptera:pentatomidae) and their impact on adult survivorship and mobility.Environmental Entomology,42(3):515-523.
[2] Alyokhin A.(2009).Colorado potato beetle management on potatoes:current challenges and future prospects.Fruit,Veg.Cereal Sci.Biotech,3:10-19.
[3] 郭文超,吐尔逊,程登发,等.我国马铃薯甲虫主要生物学,生态学技术研究进展及监测与防控对策[J].植物保护,2014,40(1):1-11.GUO Wen-chao,Tuerxun Ahemaiti,CHENG Deng-fa,et al.(2014).Main progress on biology & ecology of Colorado potato beetle and countermeasures of its monitoring and controlling in China [J].Plant Protection,40(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
[4] Liu,N.,Li,Y.,& Zhang,R.(2012).Invasion of colorado potato beetle,leptinotarsa decemlineata,in china:dispersal,occurrence,and economic impact.Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,143(3):207-217.
[5] 李超,彭赫,程登发,等.马铃薯甲虫成虫田间扩散规律.生态学报,2014,34(2):359-366.LI Chao,PENG He,CHENG Deng-fa,et al.(2014).Diffusion of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata,adults in field [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,34(2) :359-366.(in Chinese)
[6] Sandeson,P.D.,Boiteau,G.,& Le Blanc,J.P.R.(2004).Effect of adult colorado potato beetle density on dispersal under field conditions.Environmental Entomology,33(5):1,421-1,430.
[7] Mazzi,D.,& Dorn,S..(2012).Movement of insect pests in agricultural landscapes.Annals of Applied Biology,160(2):97-113.
[8] Boiteau,G.(2005).Within-field spatial structure of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) populations in New Brunswick.Environmental Entomology,34(2):446-456.
[9] Boiteau,G.,& Heikkil?,J.(2013).Chapter 12 - successional and invasive colonization of the potato crop by the colorado potato beetle :managing spread.Insect Pests of Potato,18(2):339-371.
[10] Kluiters,G.,Swales,H.,Baylis,M.(2015).Local dispersal of palaearctic Culicoides biting midges estimated by mark-release-recapture.Parasit Vectors,8:86.
[11] Boiteau,G.(2002).Flight takeoff behavior of Colorado potato beetle.The Canadian Entomologist,134(2):229-240.
[12] Blom,P.E.,Fleischer,.S.J.,Smilowitz,Z.(2002).Spatial and temporal dynamics of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) in fields with perimeter and spatially targeted insecticides.Environmental Entomology,31(1):149-159.
[13] Follett,P.A.,Cantelo,W.W.,Roderick,G.,K.(1996).Local dispersal of overwintered Colorado potato beetle (Chrysomelidae:Coleoptera) determined by mark and recapture.Environmental Entomology,25(6):1,304-1,311.
[14] Boiteau G.(2001).Recruitment by flight and walking in a one-generation Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) environment.Environmental Entomology,30(2):306-317.
[15] Boiteau,G.,Alyokhin,A.,Ferro,D.(2003).The Colorado potato beetle in movement.The Canadian Entomologist,135(1):1-22.
[16] Boiteau,G.,MacKinley,P.(2015).Contribution of habitat type to residency and dispersal choices by overwintered and summer adult Colorado potato beetles.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,155(3):249-256.
[17] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Leskey,T.,et al.(2014).Impact of host plant connectivity,crop border and patch size on adult Colorado potato beetle retention.PLoS ONE,9(5):e95717.
[18] 郭文超,吐尔逊,许咏梅,等.马铃薯甲虫持续防控技术研究与应用.新疆农业科学,2011,48(2):197-203.GUO Wen-chao,Tuerxuno·Ahemaiti,XU Yong-mei,et al.(2011).Study and application on sustained and integrated control techniques of Colorado potato beetle[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,48(2):197-203.(in Chinese)
[19] GUO Wen-chao,LI Chao,Tuerxuno.Ahemaiti,et al.(2017).Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).Biological Invasions and Its Management in China.ed.By F.Wan,M.Jiang and A.Zhang.Springer,(1):195-217.
[20] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Meloche,F.,et al.(2011).Harmonic radar:efficacy at detecting and recovering insects on agricultural host plants.Pest Management Science,67(2):213-219.
[21] Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,Meloche,F.,& Leskey,T.C.(2010).Harmonic radar:assessing the impact of tag weight on walking activity of colorado potato beetle,plum curculio,and western corn rootworm.Journal of Economic Entomology,103(1):63-69.
[22] Gui,L.Y.,& Boiteau,G.(2010).Effect of food deprivation on the ambulatory movement of the colorado potato beetle,leptinotarsa decemlineata.Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,134(2):138-145.
[23] Lee,D.H.,Wright,S.E.,Boiteau,G.,Vincent,C.,& Leskey,T.C.(2013).Effectiveness of glues for harmonic radar tag attachment on halyomorpha halys (hemiptera:pentatomidae) and their impact on adult survivorship and mobility.Environmental Entomology,42(3):515-523.