M50钢碳分配过程中的组织演化
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摘要
分别在300℃和450℃下对淬火态M50钢进行了碳分配处理,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及透射电镜(TEM)对碳分配后试样进行观察分析,研究传统Q-T(淬火-回火)和新型Q-P-T(淬火-碳分配-回火)热处理工艺对M50钢性能的影响。结果表明:经碳分配后M50钢中残留奥氏体的碳含量由淬火态的0.64 mass%,最高升至1.20 mass%(300℃,30 min)及1.10 mass%(450℃,0.5 min);不同温度下,随着保温时间的延长,残留奥氏体的碳含量降低;碳分配时M50钢中存在碳化物的析出,随着时间的延长,碳化物析出量逐渐增加,碳分配过程中析出的碳化物为Fe3C;新型Q-P-T热处理工艺可以在保证M50钢强度的前提下,将其冲击吸收功提高90%以上。
The carbon partitioning process of quenched M50 steel was carried out at 300 ℃ and 450 ℃,respectively. The effects of traditional Q-T( quenching-tempering) and new Q-P-T( quenching-partitioning-tempering) processes on microstructure and properties of the M50 steel were studied by means of X-ray diffraction( XRD),scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and transmission electron microscopy( TEM). The results show that the highest carbon content of retained austenite in partitioned M50 steel increases from0. 64 mass %( as-quenched) to 1. 20 mass%( carbon partitioning treated at 300 ℃ for 30 min) and 1. 10 mass%( carbon partitioning treated at 450 ℃ for 0. 5 min). However,the carbon content of retained austenite decreases with the increasing of the holding time at different temperatures. The precipitation of carbides is observed in the M50 steel during the partitioning process,and the amount of carbides precipitation increases gradually with the increasing of the holding time,and the precipitated carbides are Fe3 C. The impact absorption energy of the M50 steel can be increased more than 90% by new Q-P-T process on the premise of ensuring the strength.
The carbon partitioning process of quenched M50 steel was carried out at 300 ℃ and 450 ℃,respectively. The effects of traditional Q-T( quenching-tempering) and new Q-P-T( quenching-partitioning-tempering) processes on microstructure and properties of the M50 steel were studied by means of X-ray diffraction( XRD),scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and transmission electron microscopy( TEM). The results show that the highest carbon content of retained austenite in partitioned M50 steel increases from0. 64 mass %( as-quenched) to 1. 20 mass%( carbon partitioning treated at 300 ℃ for 30 min) and 1. 10 mass%( carbon partitioning treated at 450 ℃ for 0. 5 min). However,the carbon content of retained austenite decreases with the increasing of the holding time at different temperatures. The precipitation of carbides is observed in the M50 steel during the partitioning process,and the amount of carbides precipitation increases gradually with the increasing of the holding time,and the precipitated carbides are Fe3 C. The impact absorption energy of the M50 steel can be increased more than 90% by new Q-P-T process on the premise of ensuring the strength.
引文
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[21]李晓阳,韩赞东,王柄方.基于磁性法的钢中残留奥氏体含量测定方法与装置[J].理化检验(物理分册),2014(12):882-885.LI Xiao-yang,HAN Zan-dong,WANG Bing-fang.Measurement method and equipment of residual austenite content in steel based on magnetic method[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2014(12):882-885.
[22]Hetzner Dennis W,Geertruyden William Van.Crystallography and metallography of carbides in high alloy steels[J].Materials Characterization,2008,(59):825-841.
[2]Djega-Mariadassou C,Decaudin B,Bessais L,et al.Solute distribution in the ferromagnetic matrix of an M50 high-speed steel in annealed and quenched states[J].J Phys:Condens Matter,1997,9:4931-4942.
[3]王兴刚,葛泉江.航空发动机主轴轴承工作特点[J].哈尔滨轴承,2006(4):3-4.WANG Xing-gang,GE Quan-jiang.Working characteristic of spindle bearing for aviation engine[J].Journal of Harbin Bearing,2006(4):3-4.
[4]Sun L X,Li M Q.High temperature behavior of isothermally compressed M50 steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2015,22(10):969-976.
[5]Rosado L,Trivedi H K,Gerardi D T.Evaluation of fatigue and wear characteristics of M50 steel using high temperature synthetic turbine engine lubricants—Part II[J].Wear,1996,196(1):133-140.
[6]韩庆礼,刘国权,向嵩,等.轴承钢的室温尺寸稳定性研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2007(6):38-41.HAN Qing-li,LIU Guo-quan,XIANG Song,et al.Dimension stability research of bearing steel at room temperature[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2007(6):38-41.
[7]Arshid Iqbal.Heat treatment response of triple and quintuple tempered M50 high speed steel[J].European Journal of Scientific Reasearch,2007,17(2):150-159.
[8]杨培基,吴运榜.Cr4Mo4V高温轴承钢热处理工艺及性能的研究[J].特殊钢,1980(2):64-81.YANG Pei-ji,WU Yun-bang.Study on heat treatment process and properties of high temperature bearing steel Cr4Mo4V[J].Special Steel,1980(2):64-81.
[9]周丽娜,唐光泽,马欣新,等.奥氏体化温度对M50钢组织转变的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(7):89-94.ZHOU Li-na,TANG Guang-ze,MA Xin-xin,et al.Effect of austenitizing temperature on microstructure transformation of M50 steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(7):89-94.
[10]钱坤.残留奥氏体对滚动轴承疲劳寿命的影响[J].热加工工艺,2010,39(10):60-66.QIAN Kun.Influence of retained austenite on fatigue life of rolling bearing[J].Hot Working Technology,2010,39(10):60-66.
[11]Edmonds.D V,He K,Rizzo F C,et al.Quenching and partitioning martensite-a novel steel heat treatment[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2006,438-440:25-34.
[12]Speer J,Matlock D K,De Cooman B C,et al.Carbon partitioning into austenite after martensite transformation[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(9):2611-2622.
[13]Speer J G,Edmonds D V,Rizzo F C,et al.Partitioning of carbon from supersaturated plates of ferrite,with application to steel processing and fundamentals of the bainite transformation[J].Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science,2004,8:219-237.
[14]Hsu T Y,Jin X J,Rong Y H.Strengthening and toughening mechanisms of quenching-partitioning-tempering(Q-P-T)steels[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,577S:S568-S571.
[15]Toji Y,Miyamoto G,Raabe D.Carbon partitioning during quenching and partitioning heat treatment accompanied by carbide precipitation[J].Acta Mater,2015,86:137-147.
[16]徐祖耀.钢热处理的新工艺[J].热处理,2007,22(1):1-11.Hsu T Y.(Xu Zuyao).New processes for steel heat treatment[J].Heat Treatment,2007,22(1):1-11.
[17]徐祖耀.我国应尽早发展高强度钢[C]//中国工程院化工、冶金与材料工程学部第六届学术会议特邀报告,北京,化学工业出版社,2007:403-406.
[18]钟宁.高强度Q&P钢和Q-P-T钢的研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.ZHONG Ning.Research on high strength Q&P and Q-P-T steels[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2009.
[19]Babu S S,Specht E D,David S A,et al.In-situ observations of lattice parameter fluctuations in austenite and transformation to bainite[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2005,36A:3281-3289.
[20]黄友阳,周默容.高温轴承钢Cr4Mo4V碳化物相的研究[J].轴承,1980(4):33-40.HUANG You-yang,ZHOU Mo-rong.Study on carbides in Cr4Mo4V high temperature bearing steel[J].Bearing,1980(4):33-40.
[21]李晓阳,韩赞东,王柄方.基于磁性法的钢中残留奥氏体含量测定方法与装置[J].理化检验(物理分册),2014(12):882-885.LI Xiao-yang,HAN Zan-dong,WANG Bing-fang.Measurement method and equipment of residual austenite content in steel based on magnetic method[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2014(12):882-885.
[22]Hetzner Dennis W,Geertruyden William Van.Crystallography and metallography of carbides in high alloy steels[J].Materials Characterization,2008,(59):825-841.