光照时间和波长对籽鹅繁殖性能及蛋品质的影响
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摘要
为了探究不同光照时间和波长对籽鹅繁殖性能及蛋品质的影响,试验以光照时间和波长为影响因子,采用3×3试验设计,将450只产蛋期籽鹅随机分成9组,每组50只(40只母,10只公)。以自然光、蓝光和红光三种波长的光进行光照处理,光照时间为12 h、14 h和16 h。结果表明:光照时间和波长对籽鹅产蛋量、蛋重、蛋形指数、哈氏单位、受精率和孵化率等指标均有显著影响(P<0.05),而对蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋清比、蛋黄比、蛋壳比的影响无明显差异(P>0.05),其中红光12 h处理组平均产蛋数和平均合格种蛋数最高;蓝光12 h光照处理组籽鹅平均蛋重显著高于红光16 h处理组(P<0.05);在蛋形指数上,蓝光12 h光照处理显著高于蓝光14 h光照处理(P<0.05);在蛋黄颜色上,蓝光12 h光照处理组显著比自然光16 h光照处理组颜色深(P<0.05);在哈氏单位上,自然光12 h光照处理组显著高于红光和蓝光12 h处理组(P<0.05);在受精率和孵化率方面,蓝光14 h光照处理组的平均受精率最高,蓝光12 h光照处理组的平均孵化率最高。
To investigate the effect of different light time and wavelength on reproduction performance and egg quality of Zi goose, the time and wavelength of light were taken as the impact factors in this study with 3×3 experimental design, 450 Zi goose at laying stage were randomly divided into 9 groups with 50 geese per group(40 female, 10 male).The three-wavelength lights applied included natural light, blue light and red light and the illumination time lasted for12 h, 14 h and 16 h. The results showed that the illumination time and wavelength had significant effects on egg num?ber, egg weight, egg shape index, Haugh unit, fertilization rate and hatching rate(P<0.05) and there was no significant difference in the effects on eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, egg white ratio, egg yolk ratio, and eggshell ratio(P>0.05). Among them, the average egg yield and qualified hatchable eggs were the highest in the red light treatment group lasted for 12 h; The average egg weight of geese treated with blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that of geese treated with red light for 16 h(P<0.05). The egg-shaped index in group of blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that for 14 h(P<0.05). The yolk color in the group of blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that in the natural light for 16 h(P<0.05). For Haugh unit, it was significantly higher in the natural light group than in the red light and blue light(P<0.05) groups for 12 h. In terms of fertilization and incubation,the average fertilization rate of blue light for 14 h treatment group was the highest and the average incubation rate of blue light for 12 h treat?ment group was the highest.
To investigate the effect of different light time and wavelength on reproduction performance and egg quality of Zi goose, the time and wavelength of light were taken as the impact factors in this study with 3×3 experimental design, 450 Zi goose at laying stage were randomly divided into 9 groups with 50 geese per group(40 female, 10 male).The three-wavelength lights applied included natural light, blue light and red light and the illumination time lasted for12 h, 14 h and 16 h. The results showed that the illumination time and wavelength had significant effects on egg num?ber, egg weight, egg shape index, Haugh unit, fertilization rate and hatching rate(P<0.05) and there was no significant difference in the effects on eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, egg white ratio, egg yolk ratio, and eggshell ratio(P>0.05). Among them, the average egg yield and qualified hatchable eggs were the highest in the red light treatment group lasted for 12 h; The average egg weight of geese treated with blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that of geese treated with red light for 16 h(P<0.05). The egg-shaped index in group of blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that for 14 h(P<0.05). The yolk color in the group of blue light for 12 h was significantly higher than that in the natural light for 16 h(P<0.05). For Haugh unit, it was significantly higher in the natural light group than in the red light and blue light(P<0.05) groups for 12 h. In terms of fertilization and incubation,the average fertilization rate of blue light for 14 h treatment group was the highest and the average incubation rate of blue light for 12 h treat?ment group was the highest.
引文
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[9]REDDY I J,DAVID C G,KIRAN G R,et al.Pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone and GnRH and its relation to pause days and egg production in hens exposed to different wave lengths of light[J].Indian Journal of Animal Science,2011,81(9):919-923.
[2]陈永华,蔡凤仙.通过光照周期的调控来提高鹅的产蛋性能[J].水禽世界,2011(2):41-44.
[3]陈宽维,高玉时,王志跃,等.家禽生产性能名词术语和度量统计方法:NY/T-8232004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[4]WANG C M,CHEN L R,LEE S R,et al.Supplementary artificial light to increase egg production of geese under natural lighting conditions[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2009(113):317-322.
[5]ZHU H X,LIU X Q,HU M D,et al.Endocrine and molecular regulation mechanisms of the reproductive,system of Hungarian White geese investigated under two artificial photoperiodic programs[J].Theriogenology,2019(123):167-176.
[6]额尔敦木图,陈耀星.单色光对蛋鸡产蛋高峰期的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2007,12(1):56-60.
[7]MOBARKEY N,AVITAL N,HEIBLUM R,et al.The role of retinal and extra-retinal photostimulation in reproductive activity in broiler breeder hens[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2010,38(4):235-243.
[8]HUBER-EICHER B,SUTER A,SPRING-STAHLI P.Effects of colored light-emitting diode illumination on behavior and performance of laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2013,92(4):869-873.
[9]REDDY I J,DAVID C G,KIRAN G R,et al.Pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone and GnRH and its relation to pause days and egg production in hens exposed to different wave lengths of light[J].Indian Journal of Animal Science,2011,81(9):919-923.