杭白菊4个品种挥发性成分的GC-MS分析
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摘要
利用气质联用技术(GC-MS)对4个主栽杭白菊品种的胎菊和全菊样本进行挥发性成分分析,比较品种间及花期间菊花的香气成分组成及含量分布。通过各色谱峰质谱图检索及人工结构解析,结果表明,4个杭白菊新品种在胎菊和全菊期都含有较丰富的挥发性物质,共鉴定了35个挥发性物质,其中有24个共有组份;成分组成多为倍半萜、含氧衍生物与少量的脂肪族及芳香族物质,其中倍半萜类物质多为萜烯、萜醇、萜酮及其含氧衍生物。4个品种的胎菊挥发性物质组成及含量丰富,其萜烯和萜醇类物质组成及含量要高于全菊,但萜酮及含氧衍生物不及全菊,说明随着花的开放,挥发性物质呈现由倍半萜向其含氧衍生物的变化趋势;4个品种间,金菊2号和迟小洋菊的胎菊及全菊在成分组成上都优于金菊1号和早小洋菊。本研究杭白菊4个品种的胎菊和全菊在挥发油组成上差异明显,其倍半萜及其含氧衍生物类成分在不同的花期有一定的分布规律,研究结果可为杭白菊的栽培推广和产品应用提供理论参考。
The volatile components in Taiju and Quanju samples of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium were analyzed by GC-MS. The aroma composition and distribution were compared in the varieties and during florescence of chrysanthemums. The results of mass spectrum retrieval and artificial structure analysis showed that 4 new varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium had rich volatile compounds in Taiju and Quanju. 35 volatile substances were identified, including 24 common substances. The components mostly were sesquiterpenes, oxygenated derivatives and a small amount of aliphatic and aromatic substances, in which sesquiterpenes were composed of terpenes,terpene alcohols, terpene ketones and their oxygen derivatives. The composition and content of volatile substances in Taiju of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium were abundant, and its composition and content of terpenes and terpenols were higher than Quanju, but terpenone and oxygen containing derivatives were less than the latter, which indicated that with the opening of flowers, the volatile compounds changed from sesquiterpenes to their oxygen derivatives. Among 4 species, the constituent compositions of No.2 of Jinju and Late Xiaoyangju were superior to No. 1 of Jinju and the Early Xiaoyangju. In this study, there were significant differences in composition of volatile oil in Taiju and Quanju of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and sesquiterpenes and their oxygen derivatives hadcertain distribution patterns at different flowering stages. The results could provide theoretical reference for the cultivation and production application of Chrysanthemum morifolium.
The volatile components in Taiju and Quanju samples of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium were analyzed by GC-MS. The aroma composition and distribution were compared in the varieties and during florescence of chrysanthemums. The results of mass spectrum retrieval and artificial structure analysis showed that 4 new varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium had rich volatile compounds in Taiju and Quanju. 35 volatile substances were identified, including 24 common substances. The components mostly were sesquiterpenes, oxygenated derivatives and a small amount of aliphatic and aromatic substances, in which sesquiterpenes were composed of terpenes,terpene alcohols, terpene ketones and their oxygen derivatives. The composition and content of volatile substances in Taiju of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium were abundant, and its composition and content of terpenes and terpenols were higher than Quanju, but terpenone and oxygen containing derivatives were less than the latter, which indicated that with the opening of flowers, the volatile compounds changed from sesquiterpenes to their oxygen derivatives. Among 4 species, the constituent compositions of No.2 of Jinju and Late Xiaoyangju were superior to No. 1 of Jinju and the Early Xiaoyangju. In this study, there were significant differences in composition of volatile oil in Taiju and Quanju of 4 species of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and sesquiterpenes and their oxygen derivatives hadcertain distribution patterns at different flowering stages. The results could provide theoretical reference for the cultivation and production application of Chrysanthemum morifolium.
引文
Al varez-Castellanos P.P.,Bishop C.D.,and Pascual-Villalobos M.J.,2001,Antifungal activity of the essential oil of flowerheads of garland chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum coronarium)against agricultural pathogens,Phytochemistry,57(1)99-102
Dai M.,Liu Q.Y.,Li D.Z.,and Liu L.,2001,Research of material bases on antifebrile and hypotensive effects of flos Chrysanthemi,Zhongyaocai(Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials)24(7):505-506(戴敏,刘青云,李道中,刘丽,2001,菊花解热、降压作用的物质基础研究,中药材,24(7):505-506)
Guo Q.S.,Yang X.W.,Wang Y.J.,and Xu W.B.,2008,Characterization of chemical components of essential oil from cupitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivated in Tongxiang city,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),33(6):624-627(郭巧生,杨秀伟,王亚君,徐文斌,2008,杭菊花挥发性成分的表征分析中国中药杂志,33(6):624-627)
Han Y.Y.,Ma Y.Q.,Li D.Z.,and Xu Z.Q.,2015,The influences of Arabidopsis Pri-mi R156a on flowering time of Nicotiana tabacum,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(2):350-356(韩瑶瑶,马燕勤,李典珍,徐子勤,2015,拟南芥Pri-mi R156a基因对烟草开花时间的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,34(2):350-356)
Jiang H.T.,Li F.G.,and Zeng S.,2005,Capillary GC determination ofβ-Elemene,camphor and borneol in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.,Yaowu Fenxi Zazhi(Chinese Journal Pharmceucal Analsis),25(5):508-511(蒋惠娣,李福高,曾苏,毛细管气相色谱法测定菊花中樟脑、龙脑及β-榄香烯的含量,药物分析杂志,25(5):508-511)
Jin J.Z.,Wen M.,and Shen T.C.,2014,Research progress in chemical components in Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Gongye Keji(Science and Technology of Food Industry),35(15):386-389(金建忠,闻鸣,申屠超,2014,杭白菊化学成分最新研究进展,食品工业科技,35(15):386-389)
Li F.G.,Jiang H.D.,Wang X.J.,and Zeng S.,2005,Determination ofβ-elemene and camphor and borneol in Flos Chrysanthemi essential oil,Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi(Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal),40(3):228-230(李福高,蒋惠娣,王向军,曾苏,2005,杭白菊挥发油中β-榄香烯、樟脑及龙脑含量的测定,中国药学杂志,40(3):228-230)
Zhang Q.H.,and Zhang L.,2007,Research advance in chemical composition and pharmacological action of Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Yu Yaopin(Food and Drug),9(2):60-63(张清华,张玲,2007,菊花化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,食品与药品,9(2):60-63)
Zhao O.,and Liu Z.M.,2014,Analysis of the chemical compositions in the essential oil from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat and its bud,Guangzhou Huagong(Guangzhou Chemical Industry),42(7):90-92(赵欧,刘真美,2014,菊花和菊花蕾挥发性成分的GC/MS分析,广州化工,42(7):90-92)
Zhou L.,Zhang W.,and Wang B.,2014,A review on the effective component and deep processing of Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Gongye(The Food Industry),35(6):199-202(周丽,张维,王斌,2014,杭白菊的有效成分及深加工研究进展,食品工业,35(6):199-202)
Zhou X.Y.,Jiang X.W.,and Zhen H.Y.,2015,Progress of antineoplastic activities of Chrysanthemum essential oils'main ingredients on multiple tumor cells,Hanjiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Jianghan University),43(4):376-381(周晓叶,蒋细旺,镇鸿燕,2015,菊花挥发油主要成分对肿瘤抗性的研究进展,江汉大学学报,43(4):376-381)
Dai M.,Liu Q.Y.,Li D.Z.,and Liu L.,2001,Research of material bases on antifebrile and hypotensive effects of flos Chrysanthemi,Zhongyaocai(Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials)24(7):505-506(戴敏,刘青云,李道中,刘丽,2001,菊花解热、降压作用的物质基础研究,中药材,24(7):505-506)
Guo Q.S.,Yang X.W.,Wang Y.J.,and Xu W.B.,2008,Characterization of chemical components of essential oil from cupitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivated in Tongxiang city,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),33(6):624-627(郭巧生,杨秀伟,王亚君,徐文斌,2008,杭菊花挥发性成分的表征分析中国中药杂志,33(6):624-627)
Han Y.Y.,Ma Y.Q.,Li D.Z.,and Xu Z.Q.,2015,The influences of Arabidopsis Pri-mi R156a on flowering time of Nicotiana tabacum,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(2):350-356(韩瑶瑶,马燕勤,李典珍,徐子勤,2015,拟南芥Pri-mi R156a基因对烟草开花时间的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,34(2):350-356)
Jiang H.T.,Li F.G.,and Zeng S.,2005,Capillary GC determination ofβ-Elemene,camphor and borneol in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.,Yaowu Fenxi Zazhi(Chinese Journal Pharmceucal Analsis),25(5):508-511(蒋惠娣,李福高,曾苏,毛细管气相色谱法测定菊花中樟脑、龙脑及β-榄香烯的含量,药物分析杂志,25(5):508-511)
Jin J.Z.,Wen M.,and Shen T.C.,2014,Research progress in chemical components in Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Gongye Keji(Science and Technology of Food Industry),35(15):386-389(金建忠,闻鸣,申屠超,2014,杭白菊化学成分最新研究进展,食品工业科技,35(15):386-389)
Li F.G.,Jiang H.D.,Wang X.J.,and Zeng S.,2005,Determination ofβ-elemene and camphor and borneol in Flos Chrysanthemi essential oil,Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi(Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal),40(3):228-230(李福高,蒋惠娣,王向军,曾苏,2005,杭白菊挥发油中β-榄香烯、樟脑及龙脑含量的测定,中国药学杂志,40(3):228-230)
Zhang Q.H.,and Zhang L.,2007,Research advance in chemical composition and pharmacological action of Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Yu Yaopin(Food and Drug),9(2):60-63(张清华,张玲,2007,菊花化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,食品与药品,9(2):60-63)
Zhao O.,and Liu Z.M.,2014,Analysis of the chemical compositions in the essential oil from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat and its bud,Guangzhou Huagong(Guangzhou Chemical Industry),42(7):90-92(赵欧,刘真美,2014,菊花和菊花蕾挥发性成分的GC/MS分析,广州化工,42(7):90-92)
Zhou L.,Zhang W.,and Wang B.,2014,A review on the effective component and deep processing of Chrysanthemum morifolium,Shipin Gongye(The Food Industry),35(6):199-202(周丽,张维,王斌,2014,杭白菊的有效成分及深加工研究进展,食品工业,35(6):199-202)
Zhou X.Y.,Jiang X.W.,and Zhen H.Y.,2015,Progress of antineoplastic activities of Chrysanthemum essential oils'main ingredients on multiple tumor cells,Hanjiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Jianghan University),43(4):376-381(周晓叶,蒋细旺,镇鸿燕,2015,菊花挥发油主要成分对肿瘤抗性的研究进展,江汉大学学报,43(4):376-381)