小省藤苗木生长对遮阴和施肥的响应
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摘要
为促进优良藤苗的生长,采用L9(34)正交设计开展施肥试验,探讨其对小省藤苗木生长的影响。结果表明:处理组合的地径、苗高、叶片数和冠幅分别为0.28～0.51 cm、13.5～16.9 cm、1.5～3.4片/株和11.8～16.7 cm,处理组合间呈现极显著或显著差异(P<0.01或P<0.05);正交9个处理组合的4个指标均极显著地优于对照(P<0.01),遮阴90%与施3 g/株过磷酸钙和0.7 g/株尿素生长最优。遮阴是影响苗高和叶片数的主导因子(RA>RC>RB),影响地径和冠幅的主导因子则是尿素(RC>RA>RB),即小省藤对遮阴和N肥的需求较高。
To promote the growth of fine rattan seedlings, the L9(34) orthogonal design was applied to find out the effects of shading and fertilization on seedling growth of Calamus gracilis. The results showed that there were significant differences of the basal diameter(0.28-0.51 cm), seedling height(13.5-16.9 cm), leaf number(1.5-3.4) and canopy width(11.8-16.7 cm) between treatment combinations(P< 0.01 or P<0.05); The four indexes of 9 orthogonal treatments were significantly better than those of the control TC(ck)(P<0.01); the optimal levels is under the shade of 90%, 3 g/plant calcium superphosphate and 0.7 g/strain urea. So that shade is the dominant factor of height growth and leaf number(RA>RC>RB), and urea is the dominant factor of ground diameter and crown width(RC>RA>RB). That is showed the light and N fertilizer restrained the growth of C. gracilis seedlings.
To promote the growth of fine rattan seedlings, the L9(34) orthogonal design was applied to find out the effects of shading and fertilization on seedling growth of Calamus gracilis. The results showed that there were significant differences of the basal diameter(0.28-0.51 cm), seedling height(13.5-16.9 cm), leaf number(1.5-3.4) and canopy width(11.8-16.7 cm) between treatment combinations(P< 0.01 or P<0.05); The four indexes of 9 orthogonal treatments were significantly better than those of the control TC(ck)(P<0.01); the optimal levels is under the shade of 90%, 3 g/plant calcium superphosphate and 0.7 g/strain urea. So that shade is the dominant factor of height growth and leaf number(RA>RC>RB), and urea is the dominant factor of ground diameter and crown width(RC>RA>RB). That is showed the light and N fertilizer restrained the growth of C. gracilis seedlings.
引文
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[19]官凤英,范少辉,刘亚迪,等.高地省藤幼苗光合作用日变化特征[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(5):33-37.
[20]官凤英,范少辉,刘亚迪,等.两种棕榈藤光合日变化及其与环境因子的关系研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2010,8(4):1-6.
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[22]李荣生,尹光天,许煌灿,等.版纳省藤实生白化苗与正常苗的比较研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):819-823.
[23]宋绪忠,杨华,杨锦昌,等.版纳省藤家系苗期生长特性的初探[J].广东林业科技,2007,23(2):6-10.
[24]杨华,宋绪忠,杨锦昌,等.单叶省藤苗期的生长规律[J].广西植物,2009,29(4):493-496.
[25]陈木林,杨华,尹光天,等.黄藤和单叶省藤苗期生长特性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(17):7554-7555,7572.
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[27]杨锦昌,尹光天,冯昌林,等.单叶省藤人工林茎长分布模型的研制[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(6):33-37.
[28]尹光天,许煌灿.红藤种子储藏条件的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,1992,5(3):347-350.
[29]李荣生,尹光天,杨锦昌,等.辐照剂量对棕榈藤种子萌发和苗木生长的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2016,14(5):7-11,21.
[30]许煌灿,尹光天,曾炳山,等.黄藤栽培技术的研究[J].林业科学研究,1997,7(2):239-246.
[31]曹琦,王慷林,李莲芳,等.基于育苗措施对小省藤(Calamus gracilis)苗木生长的影响[J].种子,2016,35(4):73-76.
[32]蒙格尔K,克尔克贝E A.植物营养原理[M].张宜春,刘同仇,谢振翅,等,译.北京:农业出版社,1987.
[33]郑蔚智,陈修仁,冯家平,等.海南优良棕榈藤培育与示范研究报告[J].热带林业,2006,34(2):49-51.
[2]王慷林.中国观赏植物图鉴:观赏棕榈[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004:36-37.
[3]王慷林,陈三阳,许建初.云南棕榈藤实用手册[M].昆明:云南科技出版社, 2002.
[4]MoriT.Growthonrotanmanau(Calamus manna)seedlingundervariouslightconditions[J].MalaysianForestry, 1980, 43:187-192.
[5]Hamzah A, Husin M A. A notes on the growth of Cal-amus mamanseedlingsfollowingfertilization[J].JournalofTropicalForestScience,1989,2(2):165-167.
[6]Aminuddin M.Effect of nutrient conditions on the growth of Calamus manan from five provinces in Peninsular Malaysia[J].Journal Tropical Forest Science,1990,2(4):307-319.
[7]尹光天,许煌灿,张伟良.光照与藤苗生长研究[J].林业科学研究,1988,1(5):548-552.
[8]尹光天,许煌灿,张伟良.黄藤施肥量的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(5):550-554.
[9]陈青度.N、P、K营养元素的不同配比对红藤苗期生长的影响[J].林业科学研究,1990,3(1):90-93.
[10]陈青度.白藤苗期矿质营养的研究[J].林业科学研究,1992,5(4):387-393.
[11]弓明钦,王凤珍,陈羽.棕榈藤的VA菌根接种研究[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(3):247-251.
[12]冯昌林,张伟良,许煌灿,等.白藤苗木生长与水分条件的初步研究[J].广西科学院学报,1999,15(2):94-96.
[13]李湘阳,曾炳山,裘珍飞,等.黄藤以芽繁牙组培快繁研究[J].浙江林业科学,2007,27(3):15-18.
[14]张恩向,缪福俊,原晓龙,等.高地省藤种苗培育的影响因子研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2014,12(5):26-31.
[15]苏柠,王慷林,李莲芳,等.复合肥和激素对盈江省藤苗木生长的影响[J].西部林业科学,2015,44(3):128-132.
[16]曹琦,王慷林,李莲芳,等.盈江省藤种苗培育的影响因子研究[J].北方园艺,2015(19):80-83.
[17]彭超,王慷林,李莲芳,等.施肥对省藤移植苗木生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(1):58-62.
[18]殷谷丽,唐建维,杨成源,等.四种省藤属植物的光合特征与叶片性状及生长的相关性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(6):104-112.
[19]官凤英,范少辉,刘亚迪,等.高地省藤幼苗光合作用日变化特征[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(5):33-37.
[20]官凤英,范少辉,刘亚迪,等.两种棕榈藤光合日变化及其与环境因子的关系研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2010,8(4):1-6.
[21]孙中元,马艳军,刘杏娥,等.弱光环境对高地省藤幼苗生长与光合作用的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2013,33(1):16-21.
[22]李荣生,尹光天,许煌灿,等.版纳省藤实生白化苗与正常苗的比较研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):819-823.
[23]宋绪忠,杨华,杨锦昌,等.版纳省藤家系苗期生长特性的初探[J].广东林业科技,2007,23(2):6-10.
[24]杨华,宋绪忠,杨锦昌,等.单叶省藤苗期的生长规律[J].广西植物,2009,29(4):493-496.
[25]陈木林,杨华,尹光天,等.黄藤和单叶省藤苗期生长特性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(17):7554-7555,7572.
[26]Schmitt U,Weiner G,Liese W.The fine structure of the stegmata in Calamus axillaris during maturation[J].JAWA Journal,1995,16(1):61-68.
[27]杨锦昌,尹光天,冯昌林,等.单叶省藤人工林茎长分布模型的研制[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(6):33-37.
[28]尹光天,许煌灿.红藤种子储藏条件的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,1992,5(3):347-350.
[29]李荣生,尹光天,杨锦昌,等.辐照剂量对棕榈藤种子萌发和苗木生长的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2016,14(5):7-11,21.
[30]许煌灿,尹光天,曾炳山,等.黄藤栽培技术的研究[J].林业科学研究,1997,7(2):239-246.
[31]曹琦,王慷林,李莲芳,等.基于育苗措施对小省藤(Calamus gracilis)苗木生长的影响[J].种子,2016,35(4):73-76.
[32]蒙格尔K,克尔克贝E A.植物营养原理[M].张宜春,刘同仇,谢振翅,等,译.北京:农业出版社,1987.
[33]郑蔚智,陈修仁,冯家平,等.海南优良棕榈藤培育与示范研究报告[J].热带林业,2006,34(2):49-51.