航空发动机承力结构隔振设计方法及试验
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摘要
基于先进航空发动机承力框架的结构与力学特征,通过理论分析与仿真计算验证了高隔振性承力框架结构动力学设计方法。通过对承力结构刚度/质量分布及几何构形突变的优化设计,提高转子支承结构在宽频域内的机械阻抗,实现在转子工作转速范围内的高隔振性。根据承力结构刚度/质量分布对隔振性的影响,采用折返式非连续结构,设计并搭建了转子-承力框架试验系统,通过试验进一步验证了高隔振性承力框架设计方法。试验结果表明:在承力结构中采用非连续性设计可在宽频域内对不同位置支点处激励具有良好的隔振效果。
Based on the structural and dynamic characteristics of advanced aero-engine supporting frames,the design method of high vibration isolation supporting frames is verified by theoretical analysis and simulation calculation. The structural mechanical impedance in wide frequency band is increased and high vibration isolation within rotor working speed range is achieved by the optimized design of stiffness/mass distribution and configuration break in supporting structure. According to the effect of structural stiffness/mass distribution on vibration isolation,the rotor-supporting frame experimental apparatus is designed and established in folded discrete structure,and the high vibration isolation supporting frame design method is further verified by the experiment. The experimental results show that the discrete design in supporting structure possesses good vibration isolation effect to the excitation on different bearing positions in wide frequency band.
Based on the structural and dynamic characteristics of advanced aero-engine supporting frames,the design method of high vibration isolation supporting frames is verified by theoretical analysis and simulation calculation. The structural mechanical impedance in wide frequency band is increased and high vibration isolation within rotor working speed range is achieved by the optimized design of stiffness/mass distribution and configuration break in supporting structure. According to the effect of structural stiffness/mass distribution on vibration isolation,the rotor-supporting frame experimental apparatus is designed and established in folded discrete structure,and the high vibration isolation supporting frame design method is further verified by the experiment. The experimental results show that the discrete design in supporting structure possesses good vibration isolation effect to the excitation on different bearing positions in wide frequency band.
引文
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[3]方同,薛璞.振动理论及应用[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1998.FANG T,XUE P.Theory of vibration with applications[M].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnic University Press,1998(in Chinese).
[4]CREDE C E.Vibration and shock isolation[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1951.
[5]王祖华,周海波,计方.典型舰船舱壁结构隔振优化设计[J]船舶,2011,22(1):26-33.WANG Z H,ZHOU H B,JI F.Vibration isolation design of typical hull bulkhead structures[J].Ship and Boat,2011,22(1):26-33(in Chinese).
[6]况成玉.周期结构浮笩设计及隔振性能研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2011.KUANG C Y.Design and vibration isolation characteristics research of a floating raft constructed with periodic structures[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2011(in Chinese).
[7]姜洪源,董春芳,敖宏瑞,等.航空发动机用金属橡胶隔振器动静态性能的研究[J].航空学报,2004,25(2):140-142.JIANG H Y,DONG C F,AO H R,et al.Research on dynamic and static characteristics of metal rubber isolator used in aeroengine[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2004,25(2):140-142(in Chinese).
[8]徐鉴.振动控制研究进展综述[J].力学季刊,2015,36(4):547-565.XU J.Advances of research on vibration control[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2015,36(4):547-565(in Chinese).
[9]张春红,汤炳新.主动隔振技术的回顾与展望[J].河海大学常州分校学报,2002,16(2):1-5.ZHANG C H,TANG B X.The retrospection and prospection of active vibration isolaion technique[J].Journal of Hohai University Changzhou,2002,16(2):1-5(in Chinese).
[10]张磊,付永领,刘永光,等.主动隔振技术及其应用与发展[J].机床与液压,2005(2):5-8.ZHANG L,FU Y L,LIU Y G,et al.Active vibration isolation and its application and development[J].Machine Tool and Hydraulics,2005(2):5-8(in Chinese).
[11]NAGAI M,MORAN A,TAMURA Y,et al.Identification and control of nonlinear active pneumatic suspension for railway vehicles using neural networks[J].Control Engineering Practice,1997,5(8):870-877.
[12]梅德庆,陈子辰.微制造平台的精密隔振系统研究[J].光学精密工程,2001,9(6):506-510.MEI D Q,CHEN Z C.Research on precision isolation system of micro manufacturing platform[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2001,9(6):506-510(in Chinese).
[13]FULLER C C,ELLIOTT S,NELSON P A.Active control of vibration[M].New York:Academic Press,1996.
[14]GAWRONSKI W K.Advanced structural dyanmaics and active control of structures[M].New York:Springer,2004.
[15]马艳红,曹冲,李鑫,等.涡轴发动机涡轮级间支承结构设计关键技术[J].航空发动机,2014,40(4):34-40.MA Y H,CAO C,LI X,et al.Key design technology of mid turbine frame for turboshaft engine[J].Aeroengine,2014,40(4):34-40(in Chinese).
[16]顾家柳,丁奎元,刘启洲,等.转子动力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1985.GU J L,DING K Y,LIU Q Z,et al.Rotordynamics[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1985(in Chinese).