柳江河水源水、河道底泥重金属镉污染状况及其健康风险评价
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摘要
目的调查柳江河沿岸水源水、河道底泥重金属镉的污染状况,对柳江河沿岸居民通过饮水途径引起的健康风险进行评价。方法采集柳江河沿岸镉污染暴露区(糯米滩、南丹屯、露塘及柳西水厂取水点)和对照区丰水期、枯水期各河道断面的水源水、河道底泥各30份样品进行镉含量检测,采用化学致癌物健康风险评价模型、地质累积指数法进行评价。结果柳江河沿岸各暴露区和对照区丰水期、枯水期各河道断面的水源水镉含量均低于检出值下限0.0006 mg/L,暴露区水源水镉的年平均个人摄入健康风险评价结果均为8.71×10-7a-1。丰水期暴露区河道底泥中镉含量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而除糯米滩河断面外,其余3个河断面枯水期河道底泥中镉含量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。按地质累积指数法评价,南丹屯污染最严重,达到4级水平。结论柳江河沿岸水源水镉污染引起的健康风险较小,而柳江河沿岸河道底泥重金属污染较严重,最高达到4级水平。
Objective To investigate the pollution status of heavy metal cadmium contained in source water and river sediment of Liujiang River,and to evaluate the health risk via drinking water among the residents living along Liujiang river. Methods Samples of source water( n = 30) and river sediment( n = 30) were collected from different river sections of Liujiang riversides exposed to cadmium pollution( including Nuomitan,Nandan Village,Lutang and waterpoint of Liuxi Waterworks) and the control area during the high and low water season. The contents of cadmium of all samples were detected. An evaluation was conducted using health risk assessment model for chemical carcinogens and index of Geo-accumulation. Results For the exposed areas and control area during the high and low water season,the contents of cadmium in source water were less than the lower limit of measurable value( 0. 0006 mg / L). And the annual mean individual health risk assessment of cadmium in the exposed areas was 8. 71 × 10-7a-1in source water. During the high water season,there was no statistical difference in the cadmium content of river sediment between exposed areas and control area( P > 0. 05). During the low water season,the cadmium contents of river sediment from the other river sections of exposed areas except for Nuomitan were higher than that from control area( P < 0. 05). According to the index of Geo-accumulation,the cadmium pollution reached Level 4 and was the most severe in Nandan Village. Conclusion The health risk caused by cadmium pollution is less small in source water from Liujiang riversides. However,the cadmium pollution is serious in river sediment from Liujiang riversides,and has a maximum of Level 4.
Objective To investigate the pollution status of heavy metal cadmium contained in source water and river sediment of Liujiang River,and to evaluate the health risk via drinking water among the residents living along Liujiang river. Methods Samples of source water( n = 30) and river sediment( n = 30) were collected from different river sections of Liujiang riversides exposed to cadmium pollution( including Nuomitan,Nandan Village,Lutang and waterpoint of Liuxi Waterworks) and the control area during the high and low water season. The contents of cadmium of all samples were detected. An evaluation was conducted using health risk assessment model for chemical carcinogens and index of Geo-accumulation. Results For the exposed areas and control area during the high and low water season,the contents of cadmium in source water were less than the lower limit of measurable value( 0. 0006 mg / L). And the annual mean individual health risk assessment of cadmium in the exposed areas was 8. 71 × 10-7a-1in source water. During the high water season,there was no statistical difference in the cadmium content of river sediment between exposed areas and control area( P > 0. 05). During the low water season,the cadmium contents of river sediment from the other river sections of exposed areas except for Nuomitan were higher than that from control area( P < 0. 05). According to the index of Geo-accumulation,the cadmium pollution reached Level 4 and was the most severe in Nandan Village. Conclusion The health risk caused by cadmium pollution is less small in source water from Liujiang riversides. However,the cadmium pollution is serious in river sediment from Liujiang riversides,and has a maximum of Level 4.
引文
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[2]钟格梅,唐振柱,赵鹏,等.龙江河镉污染事件卫生应急处置效果分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2013,30(3):258-260.
[3]钱家忠,李如忠,汪家权,等.城市供水水源地水质健康风险评价[J].水利学报,2004,35(8):90-93.
[4]李娟娟,马金涛,楚秀娟,等.应用地积累指数法和富集因子法对铜矿区土壤重金属污染的安全评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(12):135-139,170.
[5]李志萍,马超振,李珊珊.太子河沉积物重金属污染地积累指数法评价[J].长江科学院院报,2012,29(10):37-40.
[6]中国人民共和国水利部.SL219-2013水环境监测规范[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014.
[7]Santos Bermejo JC,Beltrán R,Gómez Ariza JL.Spatial variations of heavy metals contamination in sediments from Odiel river(Southwest Spain)[J].Environ Int,2003,29(1):69-77.
[8]孙琴,王晓蓉,丁士明.超积累植物吸收重金属的根际效应研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(1):30-36.
[9]Turgut C,Katie Pepe M,Cutright TJ.The effect of EDTA and citric acid on phytoremediation of Cd,Cr,and Ni from soil using Helianthus annuus[J].Environ Pollut,2004,131(1):147-154.