深层长水平段页岩气井趾端压裂滑套的研制
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摘要
为打破国外公司的技术垄断、解决国内深层长水平段页岩气井第一段储层改造面临的技术难题,在明确应用环境及施工要求的基础上,开展了结构设计、室内试验与评价、配套固井工艺研究,研制出了一种能够满足高温、高压固井及大排量压裂施工要求的趾端压裂滑套,并在四川盆地长宁—威远国家级页岩气示范区内的长宁H7-5井开展了现场试验。结果表明:(1)自主研发的趾端压裂滑套通过井口打压的方式打开,形成第一段压裂或泵送通道,可替代连续油管第一段射孔作业;(2)趾端压裂滑套采用内表面特殊涂层设计、内滑套上行开启结构以及压裂喷砂孔暂堵设计,可提高滑套在固井环境中的适应能力、降低固井水泥对滑套正常开启的影响;(3)趾端压裂滑套采用破裂盘破裂开启滑套的方式,可提高滑套的开启精度,保证在高温、高压条件下工具能够精确开启。结论认为,所研制的趾端压裂滑套现场工艺操作简单,工具性能稳定、可靠,开启精度高,各项指标均达到了页岩气水平井固井、压裂设计和施工的要求,提高了施工作业的效率,降低了作业的风险和成本,在深层长水平段页岩气井第一段储层改造中具有较好的推广应用前景,对于深层页岩气藏实现效益开发具有重要的现实意义。
For breaking the foreign technical monopoly and solve the technical problems in the first stage of reservoir stimulation in deep-seated shale gas wells with long horizontal sections in China,structural design,indoor experiment & evaluation and matching cementing technology study were conducted after the application environment and construction requirements were confirmed.Accordingly,a toe fracturing sliding sleeve which meets the requirements of high temperature and high pressure cementing and high flow-rate fracturing was developed and then tested on site at Well Changning H7-5 in the Changning–Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area,Sichuan Basin.And the following research results were obtained.First,this independently developed toe fracturing sliding sleeve can be opened by applying pressure to the wellhead,and thus the passage for Stage I fracturing or pumping is formed to substitute the Stage I perforation of coiled tubing.Second,the toe fracturing sliding sleeve adopts the design of special inner surface coating,the upgoing opening structure of inner sliding sleeve and the temporary plugging design of frac sand jet orifice,which can improve the adaptability of the sleeve to cementing environment and reduce the effect of cement on the normal opening of the sleeve.Third,the opening of the toe fracturing sliding sleeve depends on the breaking of rupture disks,which can improve its opening accuracy and ensure its accurate opening at high temperature and high pressure(HTHP).In conclusion,this independently developed toe fracturing sliding sleeve is advantageous with stable and reliable performance,convenient operation and high opening accuracy,and its indicators all meet the design and construction requirements of cementing and fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells,so it can increase the construction efficiency and reduce construction risk and cost.Furthermore,it presents the promising prospect of popularization and application in Stage I reservoir stimulation of deep-seated shale gas wells with long horizontal sections.And it is also of great practical significance to the beneficial development of deep shale gas reservoirs.
For breaking the foreign technical monopoly and solve the technical problems in the first stage of reservoir stimulation in deep-seated shale gas wells with long horizontal sections in China,structural design,indoor experiment & evaluation and matching cementing technology study were conducted after the application environment and construction requirements were confirmed.Accordingly,a toe fracturing sliding sleeve which meets the requirements of high temperature and high pressure cementing and high flow-rate fracturing was developed and then tested on site at Well Changning H7-5 in the Changning–Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area,Sichuan Basin.And the following research results were obtained.First,this independently developed toe fracturing sliding sleeve can be opened by applying pressure to the wellhead,and thus the passage for Stage I fracturing or pumping is formed to substitute the Stage I perforation of coiled tubing.Second,the toe fracturing sliding sleeve adopts the design of special inner surface coating,the upgoing opening structure of inner sliding sleeve and the temporary plugging design of frac sand jet orifice,which can improve the adaptability of the sleeve to cementing environment and reduce the effect of cement on the normal opening of the sleeve.Third,the opening of the toe fracturing sliding sleeve depends on the breaking of rupture disks,which can improve its opening accuracy and ensure its accurate opening at high temperature and high pressure(HTHP).In conclusion,this independently developed toe fracturing sliding sleeve is advantageous with stable and reliable performance,convenient operation and high opening accuracy,and its indicators all meet the design and construction requirements of cementing and fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells,so it can increase the construction efficiency and reduce construction risk and cost.Furthermore,it presents the promising prospect of popularization and application in Stage I reservoir stimulation of deep-seated shale gas wells with long horizontal sections.And it is also of great practical significance to the beneficial development of deep shale gas reservoirs.
引文
[1]曲从峰,王兆会,刘硕琼,袁进平,韩琴.页岩气分段压裂完井工具初探[J].石油机械,2012,40(9):31-35.Qu Congfeng,Wang Zhaohui,Liu Shuoqiong,Yuan Jinping&Han Qin.Preliminary research on the completion tool for shale gas staged fracture[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2012,40(9):31-35.
[2]钱斌,潘勇,张道鹏,周正,尹丛彬.水平井裸眼分段压裂酸化工具[J].石油科技论坛,2012,31(5):62-64.Qian Bin,Pan Yong,Zhang Daopeng,Zhou Zheng&Yin Congbin.Open-hole staged fracturing and acidizing tools for horizontal wells[J].Oil Forum,2012,31(5):62-64.
[3]吕玮,张建,董建国,伊西峰,刘永顺.水平井固井预置滑套多级分段压裂完井技术[J].石油机械,2013,41(11):88-90.LüWei,Zhang Jian,Dong Jianguo,Yi Xifeng&Liu Yongshun.Preset sliding sleeve multistage fracturing completion technology in horizontal well[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(11):88-90.
[4]董云龙,唐世忠,牛艳花,吕照鹏,王晓彬.水平井套管固井滑套分段压裂完井存在问题及对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(1):28-30.Dong Yunlong,Tang Shizhong,Niu Yanhua,LüZhaopeng&Wang Xiaobin.Problems and measurements of sliding sleeve staged fracturing completion in casing cementing horizontal wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(1):28-30.
[5]朱玉杰,郭朝辉,魏辽,马兰荣.套管固井分段压裂滑套关键技术分析[J].石油机械,2013,41(8):102-106.Zhu Yujie,Guo Zhaohui,Wei Liao&Ma Lanrong.Analysis of key technology of casing cementing staged fracture sliding sleeve[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(8):102-106.
[6]王国荣,钱权,杨昌海,魏辽,郭朝辉.模拟套管固井滑套工况下冲蚀实验方案设计[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(1):169-176.Wang Guorong,Qian Quan,Yang Changhai,Wei Liao&Guo Zhaohui.Schematic design of erosion test on cementing sliding sleeves in fracturing operations[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Edition of Natural Science),2017,39(1):169-176.
[7]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,王晓清.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.Zhao Ming,Wang Weijia,Liu Hongbin&Wang Xiaoqing.Study on well completion by coiled tubing fracturing and cementing sliding sleeves in shale gas wells[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.
[8]Wellhoefer B,Canning S,Alkek T,Haydell G&Smith MW.New toe sleeve enables true casing-pressure test in an Eagle Ford Shale well:A Case Study[C]//SPE Asia Pacific Unconventional resources Conference and Exhibition,9-11 November 2015,Brisbane,Australia.
[9]Feng Yuan&Palmer C.Improved efficiency of multi-stage fracturing operations:An innovative pressure activated toe sleeve[C]//SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition,26-28 January 2015,Muscat,Oman.
[10]袁进平,于永金,刘硕琼,徐明,李连江,沈吉云.威远区块页岩气水平井固井技术难点及其对策[J].天然气工业,2016,36(3):55-62.Yuan Jinping,Yu Yongjin,Liu Shuoqiong,Xu Ming,Li Lianjiang&Shen Jiyun.Technical difficulties in the cementing of horizontal gas wells in Weiyuan Block and the countermeasures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(3):55-62.
[2]钱斌,潘勇,张道鹏,周正,尹丛彬.水平井裸眼分段压裂酸化工具[J].石油科技论坛,2012,31(5):62-64.Qian Bin,Pan Yong,Zhang Daopeng,Zhou Zheng&Yin Congbin.Open-hole staged fracturing and acidizing tools for horizontal wells[J].Oil Forum,2012,31(5):62-64.
[3]吕玮,张建,董建国,伊西峰,刘永顺.水平井固井预置滑套多级分段压裂完井技术[J].石油机械,2013,41(11):88-90.LüWei,Zhang Jian,Dong Jianguo,Yi Xifeng&Liu Yongshun.Preset sliding sleeve multistage fracturing completion technology in horizontal well[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(11):88-90.
[4]董云龙,唐世忠,牛艳花,吕照鹏,王晓彬.水平井套管固井滑套分段压裂完井存在问题及对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(1):28-30.Dong Yunlong,Tang Shizhong,Niu Yanhua,LüZhaopeng&Wang Xiaobin.Problems and measurements of sliding sleeve staged fracturing completion in casing cementing horizontal wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(1):28-30.
[5]朱玉杰,郭朝辉,魏辽,马兰荣.套管固井分段压裂滑套关键技术分析[J].石油机械,2013,41(8):102-106.Zhu Yujie,Guo Zhaohui,Wei Liao&Ma Lanrong.Analysis of key technology of casing cementing staged fracture sliding sleeve[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(8):102-106.
[6]王国荣,钱权,杨昌海,魏辽,郭朝辉.模拟套管固井滑套工况下冲蚀实验方案设计[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(1):169-176.Wang Guorong,Qian Quan,Yang Changhai,Wei Liao&Guo Zhaohui.Schematic design of erosion test on cementing sliding sleeves in fracturing operations[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Edition of Natural Science),2017,39(1):169-176.
[7]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,王晓清.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.Zhao Ming,Wang Weijia,Liu Hongbin&Wang Xiaoqing.Study on well completion by coiled tubing fracturing and cementing sliding sleeves in shale gas wells[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.
[8]Wellhoefer B,Canning S,Alkek T,Haydell G&Smith MW.New toe sleeve enables true casing-pressure test in an Eagle Ford Shale well:A Case Study[C]//SPE Asia Pacific Unconventional resources Conference and Exhibition,9-11 November 2015,Brisbane,Australia.
[9]Feng Yuan&Palmer C.Improved efficiency of multi-stage fracturing operations:An innovative pressure activated toe sleeve[C]//SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition,26-28 January 2015,Muscat,Oman.
[10]袁进平,于永金,刘硕琼,徐明,李连江,沈吉云.威远区块页岩气水平井固井技术难点及其对策[J].天然气工业,2016,36(3):55-62.Yuan Jinping,Yu Yongjin,Liu Shuoqiong,Xu Ming,Li Lianjiang&Shen Jiyun.Technical difficulties in the cementing of horizontal gas wells in Weiyuan Block and the countermeasures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(3):55-62.