基于结构方程模型的油菜性状和产量关系研究
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摘要
为量化描述和分析甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)种植结构的调整以及相关性状变化对产量的影响,本研究利用结构方程模型对连续10年品种选育所得的168组产量和相关性状等数据进行分析,并对不同密度下相关性状和产量数据进行显著性分析。结果显示,在本实验密度范围内随着种植密度的增加,单株产量显著降低,且主要通过单株有效角果数影响单株产量,但总产量呈上升的趋势。研究所选各个性状对单株产量的总效应为:单株有效角果数>分枝数>千粒重>主花序有效角数>主花序有效长>每果粒数。因此,在培育更具有耐密性和对环境适用性的品种的同时,要选育拥有更多单株有效角果数和分枝数的品种以稳定单株产量,综合提高油菜总产量。
To quantitively describe and analyze the influences of adjustment of planting structure and change of main traits on the yield of rapeseed( Brassica napus L.),we studied and analyzed the data of a variety selection experiment,which included 168 sets of data of yields and other traits in 10 continuous years( 2007-2016),with the structure equation model( SEM). A significance analysis was also conducted on the relative traits and yields of rapeseed under different densities investigated in this study. The result showed that yield per plant reduced significantly with the increase of planting density. Yield per plant was mainly influenced by the number of effective pods per plant. However,the total yield increased with the increase of planting density. The traits investigated in this study showed different levels of total effects on yield per plant as: effective pods per plant > branches > 1000-kernel dry weight > effective pods of main inflorescence > effective length of main inflorescence > seeds per pod. Thus,in order to increase the total yield of rapeseed,we should cultivate cultivars that are more density tolerant and suitable for their environmental suitable. At the same time,rapeseed cultivars with more effective pods and branches per plant should be bred to stabilize the total yield.
To quantitively describe and analyze the influences of adjustment of planting structure and change of main traits on the yield of rapeseed( Brassica napus L.),we studied and analyzed the data of a variety selection experiment,which included 168 sets of data of yields and other traits in 10 continuous years( 2007-2016),with the structure equation model( SEM). A significance analysis was also conducted on the relative traits and yields of rapeseed under different densities investigated in this study. The result showed that yield per plant reduced significantly with the increase of planting density. Yield per plant was mainly influenced by the number of effective pods per plant. However,the total yield increased with the increase of planting density. The traits investigated in this study showed different levels of total effects on yield per plant as: effective pods per plant > branches > 1000-kernel dry weight > effective pods of main inflorescence > effective length of main inflorescence > seeds per pod. Thus,in order to increase the total yield of rapeseed,we should cultivate cultivars that are more density tolerant and suitable for their environmental suitable. At the same time,rapeseed cultivars with more effective pods and branches per plant should be bred to stabilize the total yield.
引文
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[8] Begna S H,Angadi S V. Effects of planting date on win-ter canola growth and yield in the Southwestern U. S[J].Am J Plant Sci,2016,7(1):201-217.
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[11] Assefa Y,Roozeboom K,Stamm M. Winter canolayield and survival as a function of environment,genet-ics,and management[J]. Crop Sci,2014,54(5):2 303.
[12] Abdullah A S. Minimum tillage and residue managementincrease soil water content,soil organic matter and cano-la seed yield and seed oil content in the semiarid areasof Northern Iraq[J]. Soil Till Res,2014,144(4):150-155.
[13] Gulzar Ahmad,Amanullah Jan,Muhammad Arif,et al.Effect of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization on yield compo-nents,seed and oil yields of canola[J]. J Plant Nutr,2011,34(14):2 069-2 082.
[14] Jackson G D. Effects of nitrogen and sulfur on canolayield and nutrient uptake[J]. Agron J,2000,92(4):644-649.
[15] Sana M,Ali A,Malik M A,et al. Comparative yieldpotential and oil contents of different canola cultivars(Brassica napus L.)[J]. J Agron,2003,2(1):1-7.
[16]张芳,赵永国,谷铁城,等. 2001-2010年国家审定冬油菜品种的产量与主要性状分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(3):239-244.
[17]张晓龙,何俊龙,宋海星,等.播期、密度和施肥量对直播油菜重要农艺性状与产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(5):70-74.
[18] Grace J B. Structural equation modeling and natural sys-tems[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2006.
[19]程开明.结构方程模型的特点及应用[J].统计与决策,2006(10):22-25.
[20] Anderson J C,Gerbing D W. Structural equation model-ing in practice:A review and recommended two-stepapproach[J]. Psychol Bull,1988,103(3):411-423.
[21]陈琦,梁孟.结构方程模型及其应用[J].中国卫生统计,2005,22(6):7-11.
[22]蔡甲冰,许迪,刘钰,等.冬小麦返青后腾发量时空尺度效应的通径分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(8):69-76.
[23]曾勰婷,彭正萍,彭云峰.基于结构方程模型的玉米施氮量-光合产物-产量关系研究[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(10):98-104.
[24]郑立飞,尚一斐,李学军,等.结构方程模型在冬小麦农艺性状与产量关系分析中的应用[J].作物学报,2017(9):1 395-1 400.
[25] Lin S H,Hsieh P J. Book Review:Kline,RB(2005).Principles and practice of structural equation modeling[J]. Res Social Work Practice,2010,20(1):126-128.
[26]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009.
[27]朱远程,马栋.谈结构方程模型的应用策略[J].商业经济研究,2010(6):73-74.
[28]沈金雄,傅杨,马涂.甘蓝型油菜杂种优势及产量性状的遗传改良[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):5-9.
[29] Mustafa H S B,Mahmood T,Hasan E,et al. Seedyield evaluation and association between yield compo-nents in different advanced lines of mustard(Brassicajuncea L.)[J]. Nature and Science,2017,15(9):43-47.
[30]罗红剑,万江红,陈阳琴,等.不同栽培方式下油菜产量和经济效益比较分析[J].耕作与栽培,2013(2):30-31.
[31]马霓,张春雷,李俊,等.种植密度对直播油菜结实期源库关系及产量的调节[J].中国油料作物学报,2009,31(2):180-184.
[32] Jaberi H,Lotfi B,Feilinezhad A,et al. Evaluation ofyield and yield components of four winter canola culti-vars under drought stress[J]. Adv Biores,2016,7(5):27-31.
[33]漆丽萍.甘蓝型油菜株型与角果相关性状的QTL分析[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[34] Ali N,Javidfar F,Elmira J Y,et al. Relationship a-mong yield components and selection criteria for yieldimprovement in winter rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J]. Pak J Bot,2003,35(2):167-174.
[2]关周博,郑磊,李殿荣,等.干旱半干旱地区甘蓝型油菜产量与相关经济性状的灰色关联度分析[J].陕西农业科学,2012,58(6):19-22.
[3] Duran X A,Ulloa R B,Carrillo J A,et al. Evaluation ofyield component traits of honeybee-pollinated(Apis mel-lifera L.)rapeseed canola(Brassica napus L.)[J].Chilean J Agr Res,2010,70(2):309-314.
[4] Zahedi H,Noormohammadi G,Rad A H S,et al. Effectof zeolite and foliar application of selenium on growth,yield and yield component of three canola cultivar underconditions of late season drought stress[J]. Notulae Sci-entia Biologicae,2009,1(1):73-80.
[5] Sabaghnia N,Dehghani H,Alizadeh B,et al. Interrela-tionships between seed yield and 20 related traits of 49canola(Brassica napus L.)genotypes in non-stressedand water-stressed environments[J]. Span J Agric Res,2010,8(2):356-370.
[6] Malhi S S,Gill K S. Cultivar and fertilizer S rate interac-tion effects on canola yield,seed quality and S uptake[J]. Can J Plant Sci,2006,86(1):91-98.
[7] Wang S,Wang E,Wang F,et al. Phenological develop-ment and grain yield of canola as affected by sowing dateand climate variation in the Yangtze River Basin of China[J]. Crop Pasture Sci,2012,63(5):478-488.
[8] Begna S H,Angadi S V. Effects of planting date on win-ter canola growth and yield in the Southwestern U. S[J].Am J Plant Sci,2016,7(1):201-217.
[9]赫迪.基因型、环境、管理措施互作对中国油菜产量影响的模拟研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
[10] Radoev M,Becker H C,Ecke W. Genetic analysis ofheterosis for yield and yield components in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)by quantitative trait locus mapping[J]. Genetics,2008,179(179):1 547-1 558.
[11] Assefa Y,Roozeboom K,Stamm M. Winter canolayield and survival as a function of environment,genet-ics,and management[J]. Crop Sci,2014,54(5):2 303.
[12] Abdullah A S. Minimum tillage and residue managementincrease soil water content,soil organic matter and cano-la seed yield and seed oil content in the semiarid areasof Northern Iraq[J]. Soil Till Res,2014,144(4):150-155.
[13] Gulzar Ahmad,Amanullah Jan,Muhammad Arif,et al.Effect of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization on yield compo-nents,seed and oil yields of canola[J]. J Plant Nutr,2011,34(14):2 069-2 082.
[14] Jackson G D. Effects of nitrogen and sulfur on canolayield and nutrient uptake[J]. Agron J,2000,92(4):644-649.
[15] Sana M,Ali A,Malik M A,et al. Comparative yieldpotential and oil contents of different canola cultivars(Brassica napus L.)[J]. J Agron,2003,2(1):1-7.
[16]张芳,赵永国,谷铁城,等. 2001-2010年国家审定冬油菜品种的产量与主要性状分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(3):239-244.
[17]张晓龙,何俊龙,宋海星,等.播期、密度和施肥量对直播油菜重要农艺性状与产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(5):70-74.
[18] Grace J B. Structural equation modeling and natural sys-tems[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2006.
[19]程开明.结构方程模型的特点及应用[J].统计与决策,2006(10):22-25.
[20] Anderson J C,Gerbing D W. Structural equation model-ing in practice:A review and recommended two-stepapproach[J]. Psychol Bull,1988,103(3):411-423.
[21]陈琦,梁孟.结构方程模型及其应用[J].中国卫生统计,2005,22(6):7-11.
[22]蔡甲冰,许迪,刘钰,等.冬小麦返青后腾发量时空尺度效应的通径分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(8):69-76.
[23]曾勰婷,彭正萍,彭云峰.基于结构方程模型的玉米施氮量-光合产物-产量关系研究[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(10):98-104.
[24]郑立飞,尚一斐,李学军,等.结构方程模型在冬小麦农艺性状与产量关系分析中的应用[J].作物学报,2017(9):1 395-1 400.
[25] Lin S H,Hsieh P J. Book Review:Kline,RB(2005).Principles and practice of structural equation modeling[J]. Res Social Work Practice,2010,20(1):126-128.
[26]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009.
[27]朱远程,马栋.谈结构方程模型的应用策略[J].商业经济研究,2010(6):73-74.
[28]沈金雄,傅杨,马涂.甘蓝型油菜杂种优势及产量性状的遗传改良[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):5-9.
[29] Mustafa H S B,Mahmood T,Hasan E,et al. Seedyield evaluation and association between yield compo-nents in different advanced lines of mustard(Brassicajuncea L.)[J]. Nature and Science,2017,15(9):43-47.
[30]罗红剑,万江红,陈阳琴,等.不同栽培方式下油菜产量和经济效益比较分析[J].耕作与栽培,2013(2):30-31.
[31]马霓,张春雷,李俊,等.种植密度对直播油菜结实期源库关系及产量的调节[J].中国油料作物学报,2009,31(2):180-184.
[32] Jaberi H,Lotfi B,Feilinezhad A,et al. Evaluation ofyield and yield components of four winter canola culti-vars under drought stress[J]. Adv Biores,2016,7(5):27-31.
[33]漆丽萍.甘蓝型油菜株型与角果相关性状的QTL分析[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[34] Ali N,Javidfar F,Elmira J Y,et al. Relationship a-mong yield components and selection criteria for yieldimprovement in winter rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J]. Pak J Bot,2003,35(2):167-174.