摘要
目的总结儿童汞中毒的特点,提高对儿童汞中毒的诊治水平。方法对2013年1月至2018年5月收治的13例汞中毒患儿的中毒原因、临床表现、辅助检查、治疗及疗效情况进行回顾性分析。结果 13例患儿均为慢性生活性汞中毒,大多数症状轻微且不特异,仅1例有严重神经系统症状。所有患儿尿汞均升高(>20μg/L),血汞仅3例升高(>10μg/L)。2例经驱汞试验后,尿汞无明显增加(<150μg/L),未行驱汞治疗。其余11例均行螯合剂驱汞治疗,给予二巯丙磺钠2.5~5.0 mg/(kg·d),肌内注射,连用3 d,间隔4 d为1个疗程,疗程视尿汞而定,为1~10个疗程,疗程间隔0~4个月,治疗后症状减轻或消失,尿汞下降,治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。结论儿童汞中毒多为慢性生活性汞中毒,症状隐匿。应加强汞暴露的防范意识及措施。在慢性汞中毒时尿汞检测更有意义,儿童驱汞治疗尚无标准方案,二巯丙磺钠治疗安全有效。
引文
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