大北气田白垩系致密裂缝性储集层压力敏感特征
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摘要
塔里木盆地库车坳陷大北气田具有储集层埋深大、岩性致密、基质孔隙不发育和裂缝发育的特征。实验研究表明,大北气田储集层具有强烈的压力敏感性,并且气层一旦产生压力敏感,会导致裂缝闭合,造成储集层物性的永久性损害,产量急剧下降。通过岩心压力敏感实验,确定了大北气田储集层产生压力敏感的静压力;在求取气藏所受构造应力场的基础上,结合地层实际压力,确定了大北气田不同构造位置气藏产生压力敏感的具体地层压力。在气田开采过程中,应在气藏压力降低到敏感值前及时采取措施,控制压力敏感的发生,以维持产量,提高采收率。
The reservoirs in Dabei gas field of Kuqa depression, Tarim basin are characterized by large buried depth, tight lithology, unde-veloped matrix pores and developed fractures. The relevant experimental study shows that a strong pressure sensitivity is found in the reser-voir of Dabei gas field, and once pressure sensitivity occurs in gas layers, fractures will be closed and permanent damages to reservoir physi-cal property and a sharp decline in production will happen. A static pressure value for reservoir pressure sensitivity in Dabei gas field is de-termined through core pressure sensitivity test. Based on the obtained tectonic stress field of the gas reservoirs and combining with the actu-al formation pressure, the formation pressure leading to pressure sensitivity is determined for the gas reservoirs at different structural posi-tions in Dabei gas field. During the production process of the gas field, before the gas reservoir pressure decreases to the pressure sensitivi-ty threshold value, measures should be taken timely to avoid pressure sensitivity, maintain gas production and enhance gas recovery.
The reservoirs in Dabei gas field of Kuqa depression, Tarim basin are characterized by large buried depth, tight lithology, unde-veloped matrix pores and developed fractures. The relevant experimental study shows that a strong pressure sensitivity is found in the reser-voir of Dabei gas field, and once pressure sensitivity occurs in gas layers, fractures will be closed and permanent damages to reservoir physi-cal property and a sharp decline in production will happen. A static pressure value for reservoir pressure sensitivity in Dabei gas field is de-termined through core pressure sensitivity test. Based on the obtained tectonic stress field of the gas reservoirs and combining with the actu-al formation pressure, the formation pressure leading to pressure sensitivity is determined for the gas reservoirs at different structural posi-tions in Dabei gas field. During the production process of the gas field, before the gas reservoir pressure decreases to the pressure sensitivi-ty threshold value, measures should be taken timely to avoid pressure sensitivity, maintain gas production and enhance gas recovery.
引文
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[14]王波,刘群,张惠良,等.库车坳陷索罕露头区与大北气田井下白垩系储层差异性分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):717-723.WANG Bo,LIU Qun,ZHANG Huiliang,et al.Analysis of Cretaceous reservoir differences between Suohan outcrop and Dabei gas field in Kuche depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(4):717-723.
[15]刘晓旭,胡勇,朱斌,等.储层应力敏感性影响因素研究[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(3):18-21.LIU Xiaoxu,HU Yong,ZHU Bin,et al.Influential factor analysis of reservoir stress sensitivity[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(3):18-21.
[16]李传亮.渗透率的应力敏感性分析方法[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(3):348-351.LI Chuanliang.A study on the stress sensibility of permeability of reservoir rocks[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(3):348-351.
[2]高伟,刘安,费世祥,等.库车坳陷大北地区深部储层裂缝综合评价[J].石油地质与工程,2012,26(3):32-36.GAO Wei,LIU An,FEI Shixiang,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of deep reservoir fractures in Dabei zone of Kuqa sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2012,26(3):32-36.
[3]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:92-104.YU Xinghe.Clastic reservoir sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:92-104.
[4]杨宁,王贵文,赖锦,等.利用压差法进行低孔、低渗储层产能评价--以塔里木盆地大北气田白垩系巴什基奇克组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(2):267-273.YANG Ning,WANG Guiwen,LAI Jin,et al.Productivity evaluation of low porosity and low permeability reservoirs using differential pressure method:an example from the Cretaceous Bashijiqike formation in Dabei area,the Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(2):267-273.
[5]寿建峰,张惠良,斯春松,等.砂岩动力成岩作用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.SHOU Jianfeng,ZHANG Huiliang,SI Chunsong,et al.Sandstone dynamic diagenesis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005.
[6]顾家裕,方辉,贾进华,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷白垩系辫状三角洲砂体成岩作用和储层特征[J].沉积学报,2001,19(4):517-523.GU Jiayu,FANG Hui,JIA Jinhua,et al.Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics of Cretaceous braided delta sandbody in Kuqa depression,Tarim basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(4):517-523.
[7]李传亮,朱苏阳,王凤兰,等.关于储集层敏感性评价的若干问题[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(4):488-491.LI Chuanliang,ZHU Suyang,WANG Fenglan,et al.Some topics about reservoir sensitivity evaluation[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(4):488-491.
[8]张博,袁文芳,张亚光,等.常规测井在致密砂岩裂缝识别中的应用[J].吐哈油气,2012,17(2):123-126.ZHANG Bo,YUAN Wenfang,ZHANG Yaguang,et al.Application of conventional log in fractural identification of tight sand[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,2012,17(2):123-126.
[9]张博,李江海,吴世萍,等.大北气田储层裂缝定量描述[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(1):42-46.ZHANG Bo,LI Jianghai,WU Shiping,et al.The quantitative description of tight sand reservoir fissures in Dabei gas field[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(1):42-46.
[10]王珂,张惠良,张荣虎,等.塔里木盆地大北气田构造应力场解析与数值模拟[J].地质学报,2017,91(11):2 557-2 572.WANG Ke,ZHANG Huiliang,ZHANG Ronghu,et al.Analysis and numerical simulation of tectonic stress field in the Dabei gas field,Tarim basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2017,91(11):2 557-2 572.
[11]张博,袁文芳,曹少芳,等.库车凹陷大北地区砂岩储层裂缝主控因素的模糊评判[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(2):250-253.ZHANG Bo,YUAN Wenfang,CAO Shaofang,et al.Fuzzy-synthetical evaluation of main factors of formation fracture in Dabei gas field[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(2):250-253.
[12]孙健,李琪,陈明强,等.致密砂岩储层裂缝型“甜点”的随钻识别方法[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(15):88-93.SUN Jian,LI Qi,CHEN Mingqiang,et al.The identification method about fracture type“sweet spot”in tight sandstone reservoir while drilling[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(15):88-93.
[13]刘春,张惠良,韩波,等.库车坳陷大北地区深部碎屑岩储层特征及控制因素[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(4):504-512.LIU Chun,ZHANG Huiliang,HAN Bo,et al.Reservoir characteristics and control factors of deep-burial clastic rocks in Dabei zone of Kuche sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(4):504-512.
[14]王波,刘群,张惠良,等.库车坳陷索罕露头区与大北气田井下白垩系储层差异性分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):717-723.WANG Bo,LIU Qun,ZHANG Huiliang,et al.Analysis of Cretaceous reservoir differences between Suohan outcrop and Dabei gas field in Kuche depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(4):717-723.
[15]刘晓旭,胡勇,朱斌,等.储层应力敏感性影响因素研究[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(3):18-21.LIU Xiaoxu,HU Yong,ZHU Bin,et al.Influential factor analysis of reservoir stress sensitivity[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(3):18-21.
[16]李传亮.渗透率的应力敏感性分析方法[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(3):348-351.LI Chuanliang.A study on the stress sensibility of permeability of reservoir rocks[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(3):348-351.