四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组二段气藏高产机制
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摘要
四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组二段致密砂岩气藏具有"高产、稳产、不含水、可动用程度高"的开发特点。为推进其所属通南巴构造带须家河组气藏的勘探工作,基于大量的分析化验资料,从烃源岩、储集体、断裂输导体系等方面深入探讨了马路背地区须二段气藏的高产稳产机制。结果表明:(1)海、陆相优质烃源岩双重供烃,提供了天然气的资源保障,是该气藏形成的基础;(2)规模网状裂缝与大面积致密储层叠加形成网状有效储渗体,为天然气的赋存提供了场所,是该气藏形成的重要条件;(3)断裂输导体系有效沟通深层海相烃源与陆相网状有效储渗体,是该气藏形成的关键。结论认为:考虑到通南巴构造带总体表现为一个被断层切割复杂化的大型特殊构造,类似于马路背的构造成排成带分布,因而寻找在烃源岩、储集体、断裂输导体系等方面与马路背须二段气藏类似的气藏,是该构造带下一步天然气勘探的重要方向。
The tight sandstone gas reservoir of the second Member in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Fm(Xu 2 Member for short) in the Malubei area of the northeastern(NE) Sichuan Basin is a part of the Tongnanba structural belt, presenting the development characteristics of high yields, stable production rates and high producible degrees without water. To promote the exploration of the Xujiahe Fm gas reservoir in the Tongnanba structural belt, it is necessary to discuss the high and stable yield mechanism of Xu 2 Member gas reservoir in the Malubei area from the aspects of source rock, reservoir and fault conduit system based on abundant assay data. And the following research results were obtained. First, double hydrocarbon supply of marine and continental quality source rocks is the foundation for the formation of this reservoir, and it provides the guarantee of natural gas resources. Second, the reticular effective reservoir permeability system which is the superimposition product of large-scale reticular fractures and extensive tight reservoirs is important for the formation of this gas reservoir, and it provides the space for natural gas storage. And third, the fault conduit system is the key to the formation of this gas reservoir and it efficiently communicates the deep marine hydrocarbon source with the continental reticular effective reservoir permeability system. To sum up, the Tongnanba structural belt is generally a large-scale special structure which is complicated by the cutting of faults, and it is distributed in rows and zones like the Malubei structure, so the important direction of future natural gas exploration in the Tongnanba structural belt is to search for the gas reservoirs similar to the Xu 2 Member gas reservoir in the Malubei structure in terms of source rock, reservoir and fault conduit system.
The tight sandstone gas reservoir of the second Member in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Fm(Xu 2 Member for short) in the Malubei area of the northeastern(NE) Sichuan Basin is a part of the Tongnanba structural belt, presenting the development characteristics of high yields, stable production rates and high producible degrees without water. To promote the exploration of the Xujiahe Fm gas reservoir in the Tongnanba structural belt, it is necessary to discuss the high and stable yield mechanism of Xu 2 Member gas reservoir in the Malubei area from the aspects of source rock, reservoir and fault conduit system based on abundant assay data. And the following research results were obtained. First, double hydrocarbon supply of marine and continental quality source rocks is the foundation for the formation of this reservoir, and it provides the guarantee of natural gas resources. Second, the reticular effective reservoir permeability system which is the superimposition product of large-scale reticular fractures and extensive tight reservoirs is important for the formation of this gas reservoir, and it provides the space for natural gas storage. And third, the fault conduit system is the key to the formation of this gas reservoir and it efficiently communicates the deep marine hydrocarbon source with the continental reticular effective reservoir permeability system. To sum up, the Tongnanba structural belt is generally a large-scale special structure which is complicated by the cutting of faults, and it is distributed in rows and zones like the Malubei structure, so the important direction of future natural gas exploration in the Tongnanba structural belt is to search for the gas reservoirs similar to the Xu 2 Member gas reservoir in the Malubei structure in terms of source rock, reservoir and fault conduit system.
引文
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[13]王威.四川元坝地区须二段致密砂岩储层孔隙演化与天然气成藏[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(2):151-157.Wang Wei.Pore evolution and gas accumulation in tight sandstone reservoir of Member 2 of Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area of Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2012,39(2):151-157.
[14]王威,黄曼宁.元坝地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏富集主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(3):266-273.Wang Wei&Huang Manning.Main controlling factors of the tight sandstone gas reservoir of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area,Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2016,43(3):266-273.
[15]蔡希源,杨克明.川西坳陷须家河组致密砂岩气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.Cai Xiyuan&Yang Keming.Tight sandstone gas reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[16]郭彤楼.元坝深层礁滩气田基本特征与成藏主控因素[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):12-16.Guo Tonglou.Basic Characteristics of deep reefbank reservoirs and major controlling factors of gas pools in the Yuanba Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):12-16.
[17]Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zecheng,Li Xiaoqing,Wang Hongjun&Wang Zhaoyun.Linthological architectute,geological process and energy-field encironment are major factors for the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Progress in Natural Science,2005,15(10):877-886.
[18]Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zecheng,Chen Menjin&Zheng Hongju.Formation mechanism of the Upper Paleozoic high-quality natural gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(6):843-855.
[2]Shanley KW,Cluff RM&Robinson JW.Factors cont rolling prolific gas production from low permeability and stone reservoirs:Implications for resource assessment,prospect development,and risk analysis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(8):1083-1121.
[3]赵文智,汪泽成,王兆云,王红军.中国高效天然气藏形成的基础理论研究进展与意义[J].地学前缘,2005,12(4):499-506.Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zecheng,Wang Zhaoyun&Wang Hongjun.Progresses and significances of research on high-efficiency gas reservoir formation in China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(4):499-506.
[4]汪泽成,赵文智,张水昌,王红军,俞谦.成藏三要素的耦合对高效气藏形成的控制作用——以四川盆地川东北飞仙关组鲕滩气藏为例[J].科学通报,2007,52(增刊1):156-166.Wang Zecheng,Zhao Wenzhi,Zhang Shuichang,Wang Hongjun&Yu Qian.Control of coupling among three major factors for formation of high-efficiency gas reservoir—A case study on the oolitic beach gas reservoir in Feixianguan Formation in the northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(S1):156-166.
[5]赵文智,王兆云,王泽成,王红军,张水昌,王云鹏,等.高效气源灶及其对形成高效气藏的作用[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):709-718.Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zhaoyun,Wang Zecheng,Wang Hongjun,Zhang Shuichang,Wang Yunpeng,et al.Concept,connotation and evaluation index of high effective gas source kitchen and its action to the formation of high effective gas pool[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):709-718.
[6]柳广弟,李剑,李景明,朱筱敏,王震亮,王雅星,等.天然气成藏过程有效性的主控因素与评价方法[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(1):1-6.Liu Guangdi,Li Jian,Li Jingming,Zhu Xiaomin,Wang Zhenliang,Wang Yaxing,et al.The controls and the assessment method for the effectiveness of natural gas migration and accumulation process[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(1):1-6.
[7]郭彤楼.四川盆地北部陆相大气田形成与高产主控因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):139-149.Guo Tonglou.Key controls on accumulation and high production of large non-marine gas fields in northern Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(2):139-149.
[8]刘若冰,郭彤楼,邵明莉.川东北元坝地区中浅层天然气气源及成因类型[J].天然气工业,2011,31(6):34-38.Liu Ruobing,Guo Tonglou&Shao Mingli.Sources and genetic types of gas in the middle-shallow strata of the Yuanba area,northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(6):34-38.
[9]程立雪,王威,王涛.川东北元坝、马路背地区上三叠统须二段石英砂岩储层天然气产能差异的原因[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):14-21.Cheng Lixue,Wang Wei&Wang Tao.Reasons for the productivity difference of quartz sandstone gas reservoirs of Upper Triassic Xu 2 Member between Yuanba and Malubei areas in NE Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):14-21.
[10]朱光有,张水昌,梁英波,马永生,戴金星,李剑,等.四川盆地天然气特征及气源[J].地学前缘,2006,13(2):234-248.Zhu Guangyou,Zhang Shuichang,Liang Yingbo,Ma Yongsheng,Dai Jinxing,Li Jian,et al.The characteristics of natural gas in Sichuan Basin and its sources[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(2):234-248.
[11]李岩峰.四川盆地东北部中—新生代造山与前陆变形构造叠合关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2005.Li Yanfeng.Mesozoic-Cenozoic superimposed orogeny and foreland deformation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,2005.
[12]王威,岳全玲.四川盆地北部须家河组致密砂岩储层成因机制[J].天然气勘探与开发,2012,35(1):13-17.Wang Wei&Yue Quanling.Genetic mechanisms for tight sandstone reservoir of Xujiahe Formation,northern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2012,35(1):13-17.
[13]王威.四川元坝地区须二段致密砂岩储层孔隙演化与天然气成藏[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(2):151-157.Wang Wei.Pore evolution and gas accumulation in tight sandstone reservoir of Member 2 of Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area of Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2012,39(2):151-157.
[14]王威,黄曼宁.元坝地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏富集主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(3):266-273.Wang Wei&Huang Manning.Main controlling factors of the tight sandstone gas reservoir of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area,Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2016,43(3):266-273.
[15]蔡希源,杨克明.川西坳陷须家河组致密砂岩气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.Cai Xiyuan&Yang Keming.Tight sandstone gas reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[16]郭彤楼.元坝深层礁滩气田基本特征与成藏主控因素[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):12-16.Guo Tonglou.Basic Characteristics of deep reefbank reservoirs and major controlling factors of gas pools in the Yuanba Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):12-16.
[17]Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zecheng,Li Xiaoqing,Wang Hongjun&Wang Zhaoyun.Linthological architectute,geological process and energy-field encironment are major factors for the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Progress in Natural Science,2005,15(10):877-886.
[18]Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zecheng,Chen Menjin&Zheng Hongju.Formation mechanism of the Upper Paleozoic high-quality natural gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(6):843-855.