施肥类型对晋南地区复播夏玉米产量及土壤肥力的影响
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摘要
采用大田试验,试验设高浓度NPK复合肥(CF)和NPK缓释肥+生物菌肥(CR)2个施肥处理,分别对比分析了复播夏玉米成熟期性状及产量、各生育时期不同土层土壤酶活性和土壤养分情况。结果表明,晋南地区复播夏玉米田施用CF产量显著高于施用CR,并且在不同的生育时期,CF处理的土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量均显著高于CR处理;同时在夏玉米生长的土壤中土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量随着土层的深入逐渐降低,在0～20 cm土层显著高于其他土层。晋南地区复播夏玉米田施用NPK复合肥对于提高土壤肥力和产量更有益。
The field experiment was applied and the two fertilization treatments were high concentration NPK compound fertilizer(CF)and NPK slow release fertilizer + biological bacterial fertilizer(CR), respectively. The traits and yield of the reseeding maize at the mature stage were compared and analyzed. Soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients of different soil layers at various growth stages were also compared and analyzed. The results showed that yield under CF treatment in the reseeding summer maize field in Shanxi southern area was significantly higher than that under CR treatment. In addition, the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content of CF were significantly higher than that of CR at different growth stages. At the same time, the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content in the soil of summer maize gradually decreased with the depth of the soil layer. The soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly higher than other soil layers. The application of NPK compound fertilizer in summer maize reseeding fields in southern Shanxi is relatively beneficial for improving soil fertility and maize yield.
The field experiment was applied and the two fertilization treatments were high concentration NPK compound fertilizer(CF)and NPK slow release fertilizer + biological bacterial fertilizer(CR), respectively. The traits and yield of the reseeding maize at the mature stage were compared and analyzed. Soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients of different soil layers at various growth stages were also compared and analyzed. The results showed that yield under CF treatment in the reseeding summer maize field in Shanxi southern area was significantly higher than that under CR treatment. In addition, the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content of CF were significantly higher than that of CR at different growth stages. At the same time, the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content in the soil of summer maize gradually decreased with the depth of the soil layer. The soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients content in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly higher than other soil layers. The application of NPK compound fertilizer in summer maize reseeding fields in southern Shanxi is relatively beneficial for improving soil fertility and maize yield.
引文
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[19]程冬冬,赵贵哲,刘亚青,等.土壤温度、土壤含水量对高分子缓释肥养分释放及土壤酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):216-220,225.
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[2]沈镭,张红丽,钟帅,等.新时代下中国自然资源安全的战略思考[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(5):721-734.
[3]颜晓元,夏龙龙,遆超普.面向作物产量和环境双赢的氮肥施用策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(2):177-183.
[4]王旭,李贞宇,马文奇,等.中国主要生态区小麦施肥增产效应分析[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(12):2469-2476.
[5]崔佩佩,丁玉川,焦晓燕,等.氮肥对作物的影响研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(4):663-668.
[6]王立娜.汉枫玉米专用缓释肥应用效果[J].现代化农业,2018(8):29-30.
[7]周宝元,王新兵,王志敏,等.不同耕作方式下缓释肥对夏玉米产量及氮素利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):821-829.
[8]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究方法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:294-297.
[9]吕英华,秦双月.测土与施肥[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:48-84.
[10]王灿,王德建,孙瑞娟,等.长期不同施肥方式下土壤酶活性与肥力因素的相关性[J].生态环境,2008(2):688-692.
[11]刘英,刘强,刘建丰.不同外源有机物料组合对植烟土壤理化性状和酶活性的影响[J].天津农业科学,2017,23(10):89-93.
[12]程红玉,肖占文,秦嘉海,等.连作对玉米制种田土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响[J].土壤,2013,45(4):623-627.
[13]鲁艳红,廖育林,聂军,等.连续施肥对不同肥力稻田土壤基础地力和土壤养分变化的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(21):4169-4178.
[14]李国阳,燕照玲,李仟,等.秸秆还田配施肥料及腐熟剂对土壤酶活性及小麦产量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(8):59-63.
[15]LI R,TAO R,LING N.Chemical,organic and bio-fertilizer management practices effect on soil physicochemical property and antagonistic bacteria abundance of a cotton field:Implications for soil biological quality[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2017,167:30-38.
[16]王树林,祁虹,王燕,等.麦棉套作模式下氮磷钾用量对棉花生长发育性状及产量的影响[J].天津农业科学,2016,22(3):123-126,139.
[17]粟晓万,杜建军,贾振宇,等.缓/控释肥的研究应用现状[J].中国农学通报,2007(12):234-238.
[18]王占彪,王猛,尹小刚,等.气候变化背景下华北平原夏玉米各生育期水热时空变化特征[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(4):473-481.
[19]程冬冬,赵贵哲,刘亚青,等.土壤温度、土壤含水量对高分子缓释肥养分释放及土壤酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):216-220,225.
[20]熊海蓉,钟总,官春云,等.复合型缓释肥包衣剂理化性质及缓释特性研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(33):85-89.