不同更新周期对‘绿岭’核桃坚果品质及产量的影响
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摘要
以6年生‘绿岭’核桃树为试材,调查了‘绿岭’核桃短期更新处理(枝条更新周期为2～3年)和常规更新处理(枝条更新周期为3～4年)的坚果品质及产量,研究了早实核桃枝条更新对坚果品质及产量的影响,以期为早实核桃更新提供科学依据。结果表明:短期更新处理的坚果三径、单果质量、出仁率均大于常规更新处理,其中出仁率差值可达2.45个百分点,存在极显著差异。短期更新处理的好果与轻病果的蛋白质含量分别为20.64%和19.73%,均显著高于常规更新处理,2种处理间核仁脂肪含量无显著差异。短期更新处理的单株产量为2.54 kg,比常规更新处理高出28%,且好果产量占比为69.18%,比常规更新处理高出14.48%。说明短期更新处理可以显著提高坚果的外观品质及蛋白质含量,在提高单株坚果产量方面效果显著,且可极显著提高好果的产量占比。
In order to provide a scientific basis for precocious walnut renewal,and explore the effect of the renewal of precocious walnut branches on the quality and yield of nuts,the nuts quality and yield of short-term renewal treatment(branch renewal cycle of 2—3 years) and conventional renewal treatment(branch renewal cycle of 3—4 years) trees were investigated with 6-year-old ‘Lyuling' walnut tree as test material.The results showed that the three-diameters,single fruit weight and kernel yield of nuts with short-term renewal treatment were all higher than those of conventional renewal treatment,and the kernel yield difference was up to 2.45 percentage,showing a significant difference.The protein content of good fruit and light disease fruit with short-term renewal treatment were 20.64% and 19.73%,both significantly higher than those of conventional renewal treatment,and there was no significant difference in nucleolus fat content between the two treatments.The yield per plant of short-term renewal treatment was 2.54 kg,28% higher than that of conventional renewal treatment,and the proportion of good fruit yield was 69.18%,14.48% higher than that of conventional renewal treatment.Thus it could be seen that short-term renewal treatment can significantly improve the appearance quality and protein content of nuts,and it could significantly improve the nuts yield per plant,and extremely significantly increase the proportion of good fruit yield.
In order to provide a scientific basis for precocious walnut renewal,and explore the effect of the renewal of precocious walnut branches on the quality and yield of nuts,the nuts quality and yield of short-term renewal treatment(branch renewal cycle of 2—3 years) and conventional renewal treatment(branch renewal cycle of 3—4 years) trees were investigated with 6-year-old ‘Lyuling' walnut tree as test material.The results showed that the three-diameters,single fruit weight and kernel yield of nuts with short-term renewal treatment were all higher than those of conventional renewal treatment,and the kernel yield difference was up to 2.45 percentage,showing a significant difference.The protein content of good fruit and light disease fruit with short-term renewal treatment were 20.64% and 19.73%,both significantly higher than those of conventional renewal treatment,and there was no significant difference in nucleolus fat content between the two treatments.The yield per plant of short-term renewal treatment was 2.54 kg,28% higher than that of conventional renewal treatment,and the proportion of good fruit yield was 69.18%,14.48% higher than that of conventional renewal treatment.Thus it could be seen that short-term renewal treatment can significantly improve the appearance quality and protein content of nuts,and it could significantly improve the nuts yield per plant,and extremely significantly increase the proportion of good fruit yield.
引文
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[3] 陈善波,黄洋,宋乾丽,等.不同修剪方法对核桃幼树生长量的影响[J].四川林业科技,2016,37(3):88-91.
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[10] 陈利英,马华冰,强静莎.修剪时期对‘绿岭’核桃枝条中淀粉含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(4):35-38.
[11] 李美美,马华冰,赵爽,等.不同修剪方式对成龄‘绿岭’核桃光合作用的影响[J].林业科技开发,2014(5):104-108.
[12] 罗丽.不同短截时间和短截强度对‘川香’核桃幼树生理特性的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2015.
[13] 李保国,郭素萍,齐国辉,等.薄皮核桃新品种‘绿岭’[J].园艺学报,2007,34(1):261.
[14] 李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[15] 孔祥生,易现峰.植物生理学实验技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:351.
[2] 张晓鹏,荀晓红,翟梅枝,等.不同修剪方式对“香玲”核桃新梢及有效穗芽的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(12):34-37.
[3] 陈善波,黄洋,宋乾丽,等.不同修剪方法对核桃幼树生长量的影响[J].四川林业科技,2016,37(3):88-91.
[4] 李美美,赵建建,申南南,等.重回缩与拉枝对成龄‘绿岭’核桃新梢数量、产量和根系活力的影响[J].河北林果研究,2014,29(2):150-153.
[5] 柴全喜,宋素智.不同修剪时期和方法对核桃枝条生长的影响[J].山西果树,2015(2):11-12.
[6] 杨艳丽.不同修剪时期对核桃生长及坐果率的影响[J].林业科技通讯,2016(1):60-61.
[7] 再屯古丽·艾孜孜.不同修剪方式对核桃萌芽率、成枝力和坐果的影响[J].农村科技,2016(4):59-60.
[8] 吴开志,肖千文,唐礼贵,等.修剪强度对早实核桃萌芽率和成枝力的影响[J].北方园艺,2007(4):47-49.
[9] 李美美,马华冰,任俊杰,等.修剪方式对核桃生理特性影响的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(1):108-115.
[10] 陈利英,马华冰,强静莎.修剪时期对‘绿岭’核桃枝条中淀粉含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(4):35-38.
[11] 李美美,马华冰,赵爽,等.不同修剪方式对成龄‘绿岭’核桃光合作用的影响[J].林业科技开发,2014(5):104-108.
[12] 罗丽.不同短截时间和短截强度对‘川香’核桃幼树生理特性的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2015.
[13] 李保国,郭素萍,齐国辉,等.薄皮核桃新品种‘绿岭’[J].园艺学报,2007,34(1):261.
[14] 李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[15] 孔祥生,易现峰.植物生理学实验技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:351.