煤矿水闸墙设计施工技术综述与展望
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摘要
综述了国内外煤矿中广泛应用的水闸墙的技术发展现状,介绍了目前常用的水闸墙结构类型及适用条件、水闸墙设计与施工的规范化和标准化进程。随着开采深度的加大,煤矿水闸墙设计施工面临着水压高、围岩破碎和施工环境恶劣等困难。提出了水闸墙设计、施工中的关键技术问题,例如选址、选型、计算、安全系数选取与规范化施工等。提出了水闸墙快速施工、水闸墙长期封堵酸性水、水闸墙物理与数值模拟、封堵水的综合利用、水闸墙有关法规建设等方面水闸墙工程技术的发展趋势。研究表明:水闸墙设计与施工技术仍需要从多学科角度不断创新与应对,应特别重视从力学强度和抗渗性能两方面进行深部高压水闸墙的设计与施工。
Based on the review on the technical status of the mine water bulkhead widely applied to the domestic and overseas coal mines,the paper introduced the present conventional structure type and application condition of the mine water bulkhead,the regulation and standardization of the water bulkhead design and construction. With the coal mining depth increased,the design and construction of the water bulkhead faced with the high water pressure,broken surrounding rock,adverse construction environment and other difficulties. The key technical problems existed in the design and construction of the water bulkhead were provided,including the location selection,type selection,calculation,safety coefficient selected and standardized construction and others. The paper proved the rapid construction of the water bulkhead,acidic water long term sealed with the water bulkhead,physics and numerical simulation of the water bulkhead,comprehensive utilization of the sealed water,the regulation and law of the water bulkhead construction and other water bulkhead engineering and technical development tendency. The study showed that the design and construction technology of the water bulkhead would still require a continuous innovation and handling from a view of the multi sciences and the design and construction of the deep depth high pressure water bulkhead should give high attentions to the mechanics strength and impermeability performances.
Based on the review on the technical status of the mine water bulkhead widely applied to the domestic and overseas coal mines,the paper introduced the present conventional structure type and application condition of the mine water bulkhead,the regulation and standardization of the water bulkhead design and construction. With the coal mining depth increased,the design and construction of the water bulkhead faced with the high water pressure,broken surrounding rock,adverse construction environment and other difficulties. The key technical problems existed in the design and construction of the water bulkhead were provided,including the location selection,type selection,calculation,safety coefficient selected and standardized construction and others. The paper proved the rapid construction of the water bulkhead,acidic water long term sealed with the water bulkhead,physics and numerical simulation of the water bulkhead,comprehensive utilization of the sealed water,the regulation and law of the water bulkhead construction and other water bulkhead engineering and technical development tendency. The study showed that the design and construction technology of the water bulkhead would still require a continuous innovation and handling from a view of the multi sciences and the design and construction of the deep depth high pressure water bulkhead should give high attentions to the mechanics strength and impermeability performances.
引文
[1]Garrett W,Campbell L.Tests on an experimental underground bulkhead for high pressures[J].Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1958,59(3):123-143.
[2]Auld F.Design of underground plugs[J].International Journal of Mining Engineering,1983(1):189-228.
[3]Douglas A.History ofthe development and deployment of the parallel sided mortar intrusion concrete watertight bulkhead in underground mines[J].Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2006,106(5):311-316.
[4]Harteis S,Dolinar D.Water and slurry bulkheads in underground coal mines:Design,monitoring and safety concerns[J].Mining Engineering,2006,58(12):41-47.
[5]Akgun H,Daemen J.Design implications of analytical and laboratory studies of permanent abandonment plugs[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999,36:21-38.
[6]Uddin N(2004)Stabilization and Closure Design of a Salt Mine Electron J Geotech Eng[EB/OL].[2009-01-13].http://www.ejge.com/2004/Jour TOC9B.htm.
[7]Garrett W,Campbell L.Design and construction of underground bulkheads and water barriers[C]//Transactions of the Seventh Commonwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress,South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1961:1283-1301.
[8]IC 9506 DHHS PB No.2008-134.Guidelines for Permitting,Construction,and Monitoring of Retention Bulkheads in Underground Coal Mines[S].
[9]谢和平,王金华,申宝宏,等.煤炭开采新理念-科学开采与科学产能[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(7):1069-1079.Xie Heping,Wang Jinhua,Shen Baohong,et al.New idea of coal mining:scientific mining and sustainable mining capacity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(7):1069-1079.
[10]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿防治水规定[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.
[11]王君现.隔离开采技术在煤矿防治水工作中的探索与应用[J].煤炭与化工,2015,38(9):120-121,126.Wang Junxian.Exploration and application of isolated mining technology in water prevention and control work[J].Coal and Chemical Industry,2015,38(9):120-121,126.
[12]GB 50215—2005,煤炭工业矿井设计规范[S].
[13]GB 50416—2007,煤矿井底车场硐室设计规范[S].
[14]汤志高,于强,王春林,等.抗高压水闸墙的设计与施工[J].江苏煤炭,1999(1):44-45.Tang Zhigao,Yu Qiang,Wang Chunlin,et al.Design and construction of water retention bulkhead with high water press[J].Jiangsu Coal,1999(1):44-45.
[15]胡满聪.桃园矿高压防水闸墙设计与施工实践[J].科技创新与应用,2014(33):78.Hu Mancong.Design and construction practice of water retention bulkhead with high press in Taoyuan Coal Mine[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2014(33):78.
[16]陈廷学.祁东煤矿3222突水工作面高压煤巷防水闸墙施工技术[J].煤矿开采,2003,8(4):68-69,80.Chen Tingxue.Construction technology of water retention bulkhead with high water press in coal roadway in 3222 Working Face of Qidong Coal Mine[J].Coal Mining Technology,2003,8(4):68-69,80.
[17]陈忠胜,杨思光,张成银.三河尖煤矿21102面底板奥陶系石灰岩特大突水原因及治理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(2):44-45.Chen Zhongsheng,Yang Siguang,Zhang Chengyin.The reason of Ordovician Karst water burst into 21102 working face and its control method in Sanhejian Coal Mine[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2005,33(2):44-45.
[18]裴道奇,陈忠胜.旗山煤矿“2·6”突水灾害综合治理及长效防范[J].煤炭科技,2013(4):128-130.Pei Daoqi,Chen Zhongsheng.The comprehensive control and long-term prevention of“2·6”water inrush disaster in Qishan Coal Mine[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2013(4):128-130.
[19]周金城.软弱岩体内快速构筑水闸墙技术应用[J].煤矿支护,2012(3):5-8.Zhou Jincheng.Instant construction technology application of water retention bulkhead in soft rock[J].Support in Coal Mines,2012(3):5-8.
[20]关永强.水闸墙在高承压松软煤巷特大突水治理中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,44(2):115-118.Guan Yongqiang.The application of floodgate wall in special large water inrush control of high pressure and soft coal roadway[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,44(2):115-118.
[21]齐蓬勃.复合防水闸墙在软岩(煤)巷道中的应用[J].陕西煤炭,2011(6):62-63.Qi Pengbo.Application of composite water retention bulkhead in soft roadway[J].Shaanxi Coal,2011(6):62-63.
[22]张超,周伟,王彦珠,等.枣庄市齐西煤矿水闸墙设计与施工[J].煤炭工程,2004(2):30-32.Zhang Chao,Zhou Wei,Wang Yanzhu,et al.Design and construction of water retention bulkhead in Zaozhuang Qixi Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2004(2):30-32.
[23]邱尔强.松软岩层的水闸墙注浆方法[J].中国煤田地质,2004(16):57-58.Qiu Erqiang.Grouting of water-gate wall in crumbly rocks[J].Coal Geology of China,2004(16):57-58.
[24]杨思光,汪善好,朱耀辉.利用注浆技术防治煤层巷道水闸墙渗漏水[J].煤炭科技,2004(1):43-44.Yang Siguang,Wang Shanhao,Zhu Yaohui.Grouting prevent water leakage of water retention bulkhead in coal roadway[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2004(1):43-44.
[25]邢会安,卢全生,荆冰川.水闸墙在注浆堵水领域中的新应用[J].中国矿业,2009,18(2):91-93.Xing Huian,Lu Quansheng,Jing Bingchuan.New application of sluice walls in water grouting area[J].China Mining Magazine,2009,18(2):91-93.
[26]岳卫振.平衡压力法在极松散煤巷注浆截流堵水中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2012(8):40-42.Yue Weizhen.Balanced pressure method applied to grouting and water sealing of loose seam gateway[J].Coal Engineering,2012(8):40-42.
[27]韩羽,王档良,杨思光.化学注浆法在水闸墙围岩防渗加固中的应用[J].矿业快报,2005(12):28-30.Han Yu,Wang Dangliang,Yang Siguang.Application of chemical grouting process in leakage resistance and consideration of retaining wall surrounding rock[J].Express Information of Mining Industry,2005(12):28-30.
[28]王世金.短深孔注浆堵水加固技术[J].能源技术与管理,2010(6):69-70,158.Wang Shijin.A consolidating technology of grouting to cut off water in short hole[J].Energy Technology and Management,2010(6):69-70,158.
[29]刘志勇,张本业,李勇.高温高湿环境下水闸墙温度场的测试与仿真研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2011,37(6):75-79.Liu Zhiyong,Zhang Benye,Li Yong.Test and simulation of temperature field of a sluice wall under high temperature and humidity environments[J].Sichuan Building Science,2011,37(6):75-79.
[30]Sui W H,Liu J Y,Yang S G,et al.Hydrogeological analysis and salvage of a deep coalmine after an underground water inrush[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2011,62(4):735-749.
[31]庞迎春.杨庄煤矿水闸墙设计与施工[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(9):92-94.Pang Yingchun.Design and construction of waterproof wall in Yangzhuang Coal Mine[J].Coal Technology,2006,25(9):92-94.
[32]吴晓锁,蒋斌松,平树江.防水闸墙隐患探地雷达探测分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(1):20-24.Wu Xiaosuo,Jiang Binsong,Ping Shujiang.Analysis of Detecting Potential Risk of Water Proof Gate Using Ground Penetrating Radar[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2009,26(1):20-24.
[33]张周权,汪善好,郑永,等.大体积特高压水闸墙施工组织设计[J].煤炭科技,2004(1):45-46.Zhang Zhouquan,Wang Shanghao,Zheng Yong,et al.Construction organization design of mass water retention bulkhead with high water pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2004(1):45-46.
[34]侯丹.科技之“剑”降水魔”[J].中国煤炭工业,2013(2):43-45.Hou Dan.The blade of science and technology control mine water disaster[J].China Coal Industry,2013(2):43-45.
[35]陆家河.综合治理矿山采空区(利用废旧矿井采空区)建地下水库初步探讨[J].华北国土资源,2005(5):28-30.Lu Jiahe.Preliminary discussion on underground reservoir construction using of mined-out area[J].Huabei National Land Resources,2005(5):28-30.
[36]顾大钊.煤矿地下水库理论框架和技术体系[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):239-246.Gu Dazhao.Theory framework and technological system of coal mine underground reservoir[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):239-246.
[37]顾大钊,张勇,曹志国.我国煤炭开采水资源保护利用技术研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):1-7.Gu Dazhao,Zhang Yong,Cao Zhiguo.Technical progress of water resource protection and utilization by coal mining in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):1-7.
[2]Auld F.Design of underground plugs[J].International Journal of Mining Engineering,1983(1):189-228.
[3]Douglas A.History ofthe development and deployment of the parallel sided mortar intrusion concrete watertight bulkhead in underground mines[J].Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2006,106(5):311-316.
[4]Harteis S,Dolinar D.Water and slurry bulkheads in underground coal mines:Design,monitoring and safety concerns[J].Mining Engineering,2006,58(12):41-47.
[5]Akgun H,Daemen J.Design implications of analytical and laboratory studies of permanent abandonment plugs[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999,36:21-38.
[6]Uddin N(2004)Stabilization and Closure Design of a Salt Mine Electron J Geotech Eng[EB/OL].[2009-01-13].http://www.ejge.com/2004/Jour TOC9B.htm.
[7]Garrett W,Campbell L.Design and construction of underground bulkheads and water barriers[C]//Transactions of the Seventh Commonwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress,South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1961:1283-1301.
[8]IC 9506 DHHS PB No.2008-134.Guidelines for Permitting,Construction,and Monitoring of Retention Bulkheads in Underground Coal Mines[S].
[9]谢和平,王金华,申宝宏,等.煤炭开采新理念-科学开采与科学产能[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(7):1069-1079.Xie Heping,Wang Jinhua,Shen Baohong,et al.New idea of coal mining:scientific mining and sustainable mining capacity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(7):1069-1079.
[10]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿防治水规定[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.
[11]王君现.隔离开采技术在煤矿防治水工作中的探索与应用[J].煤炭与化工,2015,38(9):120-121,126.Wang Junxian.Exploration and application of isolated mining technology in water prevention and control work[J].Coal and Chemical Industry,2015,38(9):120-121,126.
[12]GB 50215—2005,煤炭工业矿井设计规范[S].
[13]GB 50416—2007,煤矿井底车场硐室设计规范[S].
[14]汤志高,于强,王春林,等.抗高压水闸墙的设计与施工[J].江苏煤炭,1999(1):44-45.Tang Zhigao,Yu Qiang,Wang Chunlin,et al.Design and construction of water retention bulkhead with high water press[J].Jiangsu Coal,1999(1):44-45.
[15]胡满聪.桃园矿高压防水闸墙设计与施工实践[J].科技创新与应用,2014(33):78.Hu Mancong.Design and construction practice of water retention bulkhead with high press in Taoyuan Coal Mine[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2014(33):78.
[16]陈廷学.祁东煤矿3222突水工作面高压煤巷防水闸墙施工技术[J].煤矿开采,2003,8(4):68-69,80.Chen Tingxue.Construction technology of water retention bulkhead with high water press in coal roadway in 3222 Working Face of Qidong Coal Mine[J].Coal Mining Technology,2003,8(4):68-69,80.
[17]陈忠胜,杨思光,张成银.三河尖煤矿21102面底板奥陶系石灰岩特大突水原因及治理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(2):44-45.Chen Zhongsheng,Yang Siguang,Zhang Chengyin.The reason of Ordovician Karst water burst into 21102 working face and its control method in Sanhejian Coal Mine[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2005,33(2):44-45.
[18]裴道奇,陈忠胜.旗山煤矿“2·6”突水灾害综合治理及长效防范[J].煤炭科技,2013(4):128-130.Pei Daoqi,Chen Zhongsheng.The comprehensive control and long-term prevention of“2·6”water inrush disaster in Qishan Coal Mine[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2013(4):128-130.
[19]周金城.软弱岩体内快速构筑水闸墙技术应用[J].煤矿支护,2012(3):5-8.Zhou Jincheng.Instant construction technology application of water retention bulkhead in soft rock[J].Support in Coal Mines,2012(3):5-8.
[20]关永强.水闸墙在高承压松软煤巷特大突水治理中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,44(2):115-118.Guan Yongqiang.The application of floodgate wall in special large water inrush control of high pressure and soft coal roadway[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,44(2):115-118.
[21]齐蓬勃.复合防水闸墙在软岩(煤)巷道中的应用[J].陕西煤炭,2011(6):62-63.Qi Pengbo.Application of composite water retention bulkhead in soft roadway[J].Shaanxi Coal,2011(6):62-63.
[22]张超,周伟,王彦珠,等.枣庄市齐西煤矿水闸墙设计与施工[J].煤炭工程,2004(2):30-32.Zhang Chao,Zhou Wei,Wang Yanzhu,et al.Design and construction of water retention bulkhead in Zaozhuang Qixi Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2004(2):30-32.
[23]邱尔强.松软岩层的水闸墙注浆方法[J].中国煤田地质,2004(16):57-58.Qiu Erqiang.Grouting of water-gate wall in crumbly rocks[J].Coal Geology of China,2004(16):57-58.
[24]杨思光,汪善好,朱耀辉.利用注浆技术防治煤层巷道水闸墙渗漏水[J].煤炭科技,2004(1):43-44.Yang Siguang,Wang Shanhao,Zhu Yaohui.Grouting prevent water leakage of water retention bulkhead in coal roadway[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2004(1):43-44.
[25]邢会安,卢全生,荆冰川.水闸墙在注浆堵水领域中的新应用[J].中国矿业,2009,18(2):91-93.Xing Huian,Lu Quansheng,Jing Bingchuan.New application of sluice walls in water grouting area[J].China Mining Magazine,2009,18(2):91-93.
[26]岳卫振.平衡压力法在极松散煤巷注浆截流堵水中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2012(8):40-42.Yue Weizhen.Balanced pressure method applied to grouting and water sealing of loose seam gateway[J].Coal Engineering,2012(8):40-42.
[27]韩羽,王档良,杨思光.化学注浆法在水闸墙围岩防渗加固中的应用[J].矿业快报,2005(12):28-30.Han Yu,Wang Dangliang,Yang Siguang.Application of chemical grouting process in leakage resistance and consideration of retaining wall surrounding rock[J].Express Information of Mining Industry,2005(12):28-30.
[28]王世金.短深孔注浆堵水加固技术[J].能源技术与管理,2010(6):69-70,158.Wang Shijin.A consolidating technology of grouting to cut off water in short hole[J].Energy Technology and Management,2010(6):69-70,158.
[29]刘志勇,张本业,李勇.高温高湿环境下水闸墙温度场的测试与仿真研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2011,37(6):75-79.Liu Zhiyong,Zhang Benye,Li Yong.Test and simulation of temperature field of a sluice wall under high temperature and humidity environments[J].Sichuan Building Science,2011,37(6):75-79.
[30]Sui W H,Liu J Y,Yang S G,et al.Hydrogeological analysis and salvage of a deep coalmine after an underground water inrush[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2011,62(4):735-749.
[31]庞迎春.杨庄煤矿水闸墙设计与施工[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(9):92-94.Pang Yingchun.Design and construction of waterproof wall in Yangzhuang Coal Mine[J].Coal Technology,2006,25(9):92-94.
[32]吴晓锁,蒋斌松,平树江.防水闸墙隐患探地雷达探测分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(1):20-24.Wu Xiaosuo,Jiang Binsong,Ping Shujiang.Analysis of Detecting Potential Risk of Water Proof Gate Using Ground Penetrating Radar[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2009,26(1):20-24.
[33]张周权,汪善好,郑永,等.大体积特高压水闸墙施工组织设计[J].煤炭科技,2004(1):45-46.Zhang Zhouquan,Wang Shanghao,Zheng Yong,et al.Construction organization design of mass water retention bulkhead with high water pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2004(1):45-46.
[34]侯丹.科技之“剑”降水魔”[J].中国煤炭工业,2013(2):43-45.Hou Dan.The blade of science and technology control mine water disaster[J].China Coal Industry,2013(2):43-45.
[35]陆家河.综合治理矿山采空区(利用废旧矿井采空区)建地下水库初步探讨[J].华北国土资源,2005(5):28-30.Lu Jiahe.Preliminary discussion on underground reservoir construction using of mined-out area[J].Huabei National Land Resources,2005(5):28-30.
[36]顾大钊.煤矿地下水库理论框架和技术体系[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):239-246.Gu Dazhao.Theory framework and technological system of coal mine underground reservoir[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):239-246.
[37]顾大钊,张勇,曹志国.我国煤炭开采水资源保护利用技术研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):1-7.Gu Dazhao,Zhang Yong,Cao Zhiguo.Technical progress of water resource protection and utilization by coal mining in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):1-7.