浙江省池塘养殖大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能和养殖环境分析
摘要
2015年7-10月对浙江省杭州市6口养殖生产池塘内大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能、池塘水质和底质状况进行了分析比较。所研究的池塘中,3口(B1、B2和B3)投喂配合饲料养殖大口黑鲈,2口(S1和S2)投喂配合饲料养殖乌鳢,1口(S3)投喂冰鲜鱼养殖乌鳢。试验结果:8月11日—9月4日,池塘B1内大口黑鲈体质量增加62 g/尾,池塘S1内乌鳢体质量增加113 g/尾,池塘S3内乌鳢体质量增加31 g/尾。研究期间,池塘S1和S2水中氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_3~--N)、总氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)和底泥总磷(TP)均高于池塘B1、B2、B3;池塘S3水中TAN、活性磷酸盐(PO_4~(3-)-P)、TN、TP和底泥TN、TP、POC高于池塘S1和S2,但水中NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N、COD_(Mn)和TOC均低于池塘S1和S2。结果表明,采用配合饲料饲喂大口黑鲈和乌鳢可正常生长;投喂配合饲料时,乌鳢池塘水中TN和TOC的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘,表明乌鳢养殖池塘中有机质的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘。
引文
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[2]GATLIN D M,BARROWS F T,BROWN P,et al.Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds:a review[J].Aquaculture Research,2007,38(6):551-579.
[3]TACON A G J,METAIN M.Global overview on the use of fish meal and fish oil in industrially compounded aquafeeds:trends and future prospects[J].Aquaculture,2008,285(1):146-158.
[4]陈乃松,肖温温,梁勤朗,等.饲料中脂肪与蛋白质比对大口黑鲈生长,体组成和非特异性免疫的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(8):1270-1280.
[5]HUANG D,WU YB,LIN YY,et al.Dietary protein and lipid requirements for juvenile largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides[J/OL].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2017,48(5):782-790[2017-03-23].http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jwas.12417/epdf.DOI:10.1111/jwas.12417.
[6]BEVERIDGE MCM,PHILLIPS M J,MACINTOSH D J.Aquaculture and the environment:the supply of and demand for environmental goods and services by Asian aquaculture and the implications for sustainability[J].Aquaculture Research,1997,28(10),797-807.
[7]王宇希,冯晓宇,潘彬斌,等.杂交鳢杭鳢1号和乌鳢池塘养殖水质对比分析[J].现代农业科技,2011,1(1):327-328.
[8]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:223-415.
[9]ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS INTERNATIONAL.Official methods 968.06:protein(crude)in animal feed[M]//HORWITZ W,LATIMER G.Official methods of analysis.18th ed.Gaithersburg,MD:AOAC International,2005.
[10]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:146-185.
[11]HIEN T T T,BE T T,LEE C M,et al.Development of formulated diets for snakehead(Channa striata and Channa micropeltes):can phytase and taurine supplementation increase use of soybean meal to replace fish meal?[J].Aquaculture,2015,448:334-340.
[12]林青霞,王岩,高吉华,等.不同地区三角帆蚌养殖水体的水质[J].上海水产大学学报,2008,17(3):327-332.
[13]王小冬,王岩,王伟良,等.不同放养和管理模式下三角帆蚌养殖水体的水化学特征[J].水产学报,2008,32(2):303-308.
[14]唐金玉,王岩,戴杨鑫.在淡水鱼类混养系统中吊养三角帆蚌对养殖产量和水质的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(2):208-217.
[15]唐金玉,戴杨鑫,周涛,等.浙江湖州地区主养草鱼池塘水化学和浮游植物[J].水产科技情报,2013,40(3):143-147.
[16]CHO C Y,BUREAU D P.A review of diet formulation strategies and feeding systems to reduce excretory and feed wastes in aquaculture[J].Aquaculture Research,2001,32(Suppl.1):349-360.
[17]JUSTIC D,RABALAIS N N,TURNER R E.Stoichiometric nutrient balance and origin of coastal eutrophication[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1995,30(1):41-46.
[18]王岩,齐振雄.不同单养及混养海水实验围隔水化学的研究[J].水产学报,1999,23(4):350-356.
[19]GUILDFORD S J,HECKY R E.Total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and nutrient limitation in lakes and oceans:is there a common relationship?[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2000,45(6):1213-1223.
[20]李哲,郭劲松,方芳,等.三峡水库小江回水区不同TN/TP水平下氮素形态分布和循环特点[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(4):509-517.
[21]SRINANDAN C S,D'SOUZA G,SRIVASTAVA N,et al.Carbon sources influence the nitrate removal activity,community structure and biofilm architecture[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,117:292-299.
[22]TEICHERT-CODDINGTON D R,MARTINEZ D,RAMIREZ E.Partial nutrient budgets for semi-intensive shrimp farms in Honduras[J].Aquaculture,2000,190(1):139-154.
[23]BRIGGS M R P,FVNGE-SMITH S J.A nutrient budget of some intensive marine shrimp ponds in Thailand[J].Aquaculture Research,1994,25(8):789-811.
[24]THAKUR D P,LIN C K.Water quality and nutrient budget in closed shrimp(Penaeus monodon)culture systems[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2003,27(3):159-176.
[25]ROCHFORD D J.Studies in Australian estuarine hydrology.I.Introductory and comparative features[J].Marine and Freshwater Research,1951,2(2):1-116.