结合形态学和光谱特征参数的建筑物阴影提取及其高度估算
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摘要
建筑物高度信息对城市景观规划设计、城市人居和生态环境评估等都具有重要作用。针对当前卫星遥感影像提取建筑物高度研究中存在精度较低、人工干预程度过多的问题,本文基于GF-2卫星遥感影像数据,综合建筑物阴影指数(EMSI)、归一化植被指数(NDVI)和地表反射率等3个参数,实现了建筑物阴影的自动化提取,进而依据空间几何学关系,实现了建筑物高度的快速估算,最后对研究结果进行了实地检验。研究表明,利用建筑物阴影指数、NDVI、地表反射率等3个参数可有效提取建筑物阴影,且利用建筑物阴影进行建筑物高度估算的平均精度达到了95.40%,证明了高分二号卫星影像在提取建筑物高度方面具有较高的可行性。
Building heights are important for urban landscape planning,city habitat and eco-environmental assessment.In order to solve the problem of low accuracy in the study of extracting building height by using remote sensing images and the problem of excessive human intervention,this paper uses GF-2 satellite images to realize the automatic extraction of building shadows by calculating EMSI,NDVI and land surface reflectance.And then it calculates the height of the building based on the spatial geometric relationship.Finally,the results of the study are field tested. Experimental results show that using EMSI,NDVI and land surface reflectance can effectively extract the shadow of the building,and the mean accuracy of the estimations reach 95. 40%,which proves the high feasibility of GF-2 images in estimating building heights.
Building heights are important for urban landscape planning,city habitat and eco-environmental assessment.In order to solve the problem of low accuracy in the study of extracting building height by using remote sensing images and the problem of excessive human intervention,this paper uses GF-2 satellite images to realize the automatic extraction of building shadows by calculating EMSI,NDVI and land surface reflectance.And then it calculates the height of the building based on the spatial geometric relationship.Finally,the results of the study are field tested. Experimental results show that using EMSI,NDVI and land surface reflectance can effectively extract the shadow of the building,and the mean accuracy of the estimations reach 95. 40%,which proves the high feasibility of GF-2 images in estimating building heights.
引文
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[11]付乾坤,吴波,汪小钦,等.基于形态学建筑物指数的城市建筑物提取及其高度估算[J].遥感技术与应用,2015,30(1):148-154.
[12]姚花琴,杨树文,刘正军,等.一种城市高大地物阴影检测方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(10):110-113.
[2]石义方,汪小钦,孙振海,等.基于阴影的资源三号卫星数据城市建筑物高度估算[J].地球信息科学学报,2015,17(2):236-243.
[3]苏东宾,聂志勇.浅谈如何通过建筑物高度控制来形成良好的城市景观[J].国际城市规划,2007,22(2):104-108.
[4]张培峰,胡远满,熊在平,等.基于Quick Bird的城市建筑景观格局梯度分析[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):7251-7260.
[5]罗谷松,孙武,李国,等.广州建成区三维城市模型的构建及其高度分布特征[J].热带地理,2008,28(6):523-528.
[6]何国金,陈刚.利用SPOT图象阴影提取城市建筑物高度及其分布信息[J].中国图象图形学报,2001,6(5):19-22.
[7]张晓美,何国金,王威,等.基于ALOS卫星图像阴影的天津市建筑物高度及分布信息提取[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2011,31(7):2003-2006.
[8]黄蓉,李丹,乔相飞.基于Quick Bird卫星影像阴影的青岛市建筑物高度提取[J].测绘通报,2012(S1):281-283.
[9]田新光,张继贤,张永红.利用Quick Bird影像的阴影提取建筑物高度[J].测绘科学,2008,33(2):88-89.
[10]HUANG X,ZHANG L.Morphological Building/Shadow Index for Building Extraction from High-resolution Imagery over Urban Areas[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations&Remote Sensing,2012,5(1):161-172.
[11]付乾坤,吴波,汪小钦,等.基于形态学建筑物指数的城市建筑物提取及其高度估算[J].遥感技术与应用,2015,30(1):148-154.
[12]姚花琴,杨树文,刘正军,等.一种城市高大地物阴影检测方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(10):110-113.