两种麻醉剂对刺参生长及免疫酶活性影响的研究
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摘要
为研究麻醉剂对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长及免疫的影响,选用两种麻醉剂(薄荷醇浓度为0.5%、1%,硫酸镁浓度为0.25mol/L、0.5mol/L)对刺参(体质量15.82±0.79g)麻醉后的特定生长率(SGR)和免疫酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)]活性进行了研究。试验结果显示:0.5mol/L硫酸镁麻醉组刺参复苏时间长,复苏后棘刺不舒展,附着力弱,活力较差,且生长缓慢;其它麻醉组刺参复苏快棘刺舒展自然,管足附着力强,活力好。1%薄荷醇麻醉组刺参SGR与对照组差异不显著,而0.5%薄荷醇和0.25mol/L硫酸镁麻醉组刺参SGR显著高于对照组(P<0.05);除0.5mol/L硫酸镁麻醉组刺参麻醉后免疫酶指标随复苏时间的延长逐渐下降外,其它麻醉组刺参免疫酶指标随复苏时间的延长呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,复苏至96h时各项免疫指标与对照组无显著差异。试验结果表明,一定剂量的麻醉剂(0.5%、1%薄荷醇和0.25mol/L硫酸镁)不会对刺参生长及免疫机能造成损伤,并可激活机体免疫系统,刺参各项免疫指标在96h内可恢复至正常水平。
Anesthetic is used in aquaculture to reduce the stress response of aquatic animals during the operative process. In this study, we tested the effects of menthol(at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%) and magnesium(at concentrations of 0.25 mol/L, 0.5 mol/L) on the growth and immune indices of sea cucumber(weight 15.82±0.79 g). The results showed that sea cucumber in the magnesium group at the concentration of 0.5 mol L~(-1 )required longer time to recover, and showed a poorer activity, a curliness podia and a lower growth after recovery than menthol and magnesium at 0.25 mol/L. Meanwhile sea cucumber in other groups were all recovered well after anesthetic treatment. There was no significant difference in the specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumber between the menthol group at a concentration of 1% and the control. The specific growth rate of sea cucumber in the menthol group at a concentration of 0.5% and the magnesium group at a concentration of 0.25 mol L~(-1 )were significantly higher than that in the control(P<0.05). The immune indices(acid phosphatase, ACP; alkaline phosphatase, AKP; superoxide dismutase, SOD; and catalase, CAT) of sea cucumber in the magnesium group at a concentration of 0.5 mol L~(-1) decreased in the recovery process. While in other groups, the immune indices of sea cucumber first decreased and then increased. After 96 hours, there was no significant difference in the immune indices among the groups(P>0.05). The results indicated that a certain dose of anesthetic(menthol at 0.5% and 1% and magnesium at 0.25 mol L~(-1) is not harmful to the growth and the immune function of sea cucumber. On the contrary, the anesthetic can activate the immune system and get the immune indices back to the normal within 96 h.
Anesthetic is used in aquaculture to reduce the stress response of aquatic animals during the operative process. In this study, we tested the effects of menthol(at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%) and magnesium(at concentrations of 0.25 mol/L, 0.5 mol/L) on the growth and immune indices of sea cucumber(weight 15.82±0.79 g). The results showed that sea cucumber in the magnesium group at the concentration of 0.5 mol L~(-1 )required longer time to recover, and showed a poorer activity, a curliness podia and a lower growth after recovery than menthol and magnesium at 0.25 mol/L. Meanwhile sea cucumber in other groups were all recovered well after anesthetic treatment. There was no significant difference in the specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumber between the menthol group at a concentration of 1% and the control. The specific growth rate of sea cucumber in the menthol group at a concentration of 0.5% and the magnesium group at a concentration of 0.25 mol L~(-1 )were significantly higher than that in the control(P<0.05). The immune indices(acid phosphatase, ACP; alkaline phosphatase, AKP; superoxide dismutase, SOD; and catalase, CAT) of sea cucumber in the magnesium group at a concentration of 0.5 mol L~(-1) decreased in the recovery process. While in other groups, the immune indices of sea cucumber first decreased and then increased. After 96 hours, there was no significant difference in the immune indices among the groups(P>0.05). The results indicated that a certain dose of anesthetic(menthol at 0.5% and 1% and magnesium at 0.25 mol L~(-1) is not harmful to the growth and the immune function of sea cucumber. On the contrary, the anesthetic can activate the immune system and get the immune indices back to the normal within 96 h.
引文
[1] 李成林,宋爱环,胡炜,等.山东省刺参养殖产业现状分析与可持续发展对策[J].渔业科学进展.2010.31(4):126-133.
[2] 李成林,胡炜.我国刺参产业发展状况、趋势与对策建议[J].中国海洋经济,2017,1:3-20.
[3] 赵丽娜,李霞,李雅娟,等.仿刺参体壁手术缝合方法的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2013,28(3):277-280.
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[5] 张艳萍,韩莎,李成林,等.薄荷醇麻醉剥离参苗与玻璃海鞘分离的研究[J],海洋科学,2016,40(7):83-90.
[6] Satoshi W,Jacques MaralesZarate,JoemelGentelizoSumbing,et al.Size measurement and nutritional condition evaluation methods in sandfish (Holothuriascabra jaeger)[J].Aquaculture research,2012,43:940-948.
[7] 关健,官曙光,郑永允,等.2-苯氧乙醇和丁香酚对许氏平鲉幼鱼麻醉效果的实验研究[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(6):22-28.
[8] 黄雪芹,孔杰,张天时,等.丁香酚对中国幼虾麻醉效果的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9572-9574.
[9] 万正平,王梅芳,李双波,等.苯佐卡因和乙二醇苯醚对企鹅珍珠贝麻醉效果的研究[J].热带生物学报,2012,3(1):16-20.
[10] 杨海萍,王储庆,吴建平,等.几种麻醉剂对中华仙影海葵的麻醉效果的比较[J].水产养殖,2015,36(4):8-13.
[11] Yusuke Yamana,Tatsuo Hamano,Ken-ichi Yamamoto.Anesthetizer of the adult sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,2005,71(3):299-306.
[12] 何舟,宋坚,常亚青,等.不同麻醉剂对刺参幼参麻醉效果的比较研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(2):95-99.
[13] 韩莎,胡炜,李成林,等.薄荷醇对仿刺参幼参的麻醉效果[J].海洋科学,2016,40(3):10-16.
[14] 韩莎,胡炜,李成林,等.硫酸镁对仿刺参幼参麻醉效果的研究[J],海洋湖沼通报,2016,4:105-110.
[15] 黄雪芹,孔杰,张天时,等.丁香酚对中国幼虾麻醉效果的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9572-9574.
[16] 孙晓旺,陈永平,李彤,等.MS-222对半滑舌鳎的麻醉效果及体内消除规律研究[J].水产科技情报,2017,44(2):87-90.
[17] 高绪生,刘永峰,刘永襄,皱纹盘鲍稚鲍的酒精麻醉剥离试验[J].水产科学,1985,4(2):25-28.
[18] 臧元奇,田相利,董双林,等.氨氮慢性胁迫对刺参免疫酶活性及热休克蛋白表达的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2012,42:60-66.
[19] 孙永欣,王吉桥,汪婷婷,等.海参防御机制的研究进展[J].水产科学,2007,26(6):358-361.
[20] 陈云燕,田相利,于晓,等.亚硝酸氮胁迫对刺参体壁非特异性免疫能力及HSP70表达的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2013,43(11):35-42.
[21] 沙飞,常亚青,丁君,两种降温模式的低温胁迫对刺参抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2015,30(1):25-29.
[22] Daniel B,Stephan J,Rhiannon K,et al.Effects of the muscle relaxant,magnesium chloride,on the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) [J].Aquaculture,2008:342-346.
[2] 李成林,胡炜.我国刺参产业发展状况、趋势与对策建议[J].中国海洋经济,2017,1:3-20.
[3] 赵丽娜,李霞,李雅娟,等.仿刺参体壁手术缝合方法的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2013,28(3):277-280.
[4] 魏杰,常亚青,聂竹兰,等.准确测量活体刺参体长的方法[P].200710010174.6,2009-3-11.
[5] 张艳萍,韩莎,李成林,等.薄荷醇麻醉剥离参苗与玻璃海鞘分离的研究[J],海洋科学,2016,40(7):83-90.
[6] Satoshi W,Jacques MaralesZarate,JoemelGentelizoSumbing,et al.Size measurement and nutritional condition evaluation methods in sandfish (Holothuriascabra jaeger)[J].Aquaculture research,2012,43:940-948.
[7] 关健,官曙光,郑永允,等.2-苯氧乙醇和丁香酚对许氏平鲉幼鱼麻醉效果的实验研究[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(6):22-28.
[8] 黄雪芹,孔杰,张天时,等.丁香酚对中国幼虾麻醉效果的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9572-9574.
[9] 万正平,王梅芳,李双波,等.苯佐卡因和乙二醇苯醚对企鹅珍珠贝麻醉效果的研究[J].热带生物学报,2012,3(1):16-20.
[10] 杨海萍,王储庆,吴建平,等.几种麻醉剂对中华仙影海葵的麻醉效果的比较[J].水产养殖,2015,36(4):8-13.
[11] Yusuke Yamana,Tatsuo Hamano,Ken-ichi Yamamoto.Anesthetizer of the adult sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,2005,71(3):299-306.
[12] 何舟,宋坚,常亚青,等.不同麻醉剂对刺参幼参麻醉效果的比较研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(2):95-99.
[13] 韩莎,胡炜,李成林,等.薄荷醇对仿刺参幼参的麻醉效果[J].海洋科学,2016,40(3):10-16.
[14] 韩莎,胡炜,李成林,等.硫酸镁对仿刺参幼参麻醉效果的研究[J],海洋湖沼通报,2016,4:105-110.
[15] 黄雪芹,孔杰,张天时,等.丁香酚对中国幼虾麻醉效果的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9572-9574.
[16] 孙晓旺,陈永平,李彤,等.MS-222对半滑舌鳎的麻醉效果及体内消除规律研究[J].水产科技情报,2017,44(2):87-90.
[17] 高绪生,刘永峰,刘永襄,皱纹盘鲍稚鲍的酒精麻醉剥离试验[J].水产科学,1985,4(2):25-28.
[18] 臧元奇,田相利,董双林,等.氨氮慢性胁迫对刺参免疫酶活性及热休克蛋白表达的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2012,42:60-66.
[19] 孙永欣,王吉桥,汪婷婷,等.海参防御机制的研究进展[J].水产科学,2007,26(6):358-361.
[20] 陈云燕,田相利,于晓,等.亚硝酸氮胁迫对刺参体壁非特异性免疫能力及HSP70表达的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2013,43(11):35-42.
[21] 沙飞,常亚青,丁君,两种降温模式的低温胁迫对刺参抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2015,30(1):25-29.
[22] Daniel B,Stephan J,Rhiannon K,et al.Effects of the muscle relaxant,magnesium chloride,on the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) [J].Aquaculture,2008:342-346.