翻转动能对基础隔震剪力墙结构高宽比限值的影响分析
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摘要
针对上部结构整体刚度较大的基础隔震剪力墙结构体系,通过将上部剪力墙结构简化为刚体得到能够考虑结构翻转动能的两自由度基础隔震简化模型,并以此为分析对象,建立体系振动微分方程。采用复模态方法进行解耦变换,分析结构平动及隔震层翻转角位移的频响特性。在此基础上提出了考虑上部结构翻转动能影响动力倾覆分析方法,并推导了高宽比限值的动力法计算公式。通过对比分析动力法及等效静力计算结果,得出以下结论:上部结构翻转动能对基础隔震高层剪力墙结构以支座不受拉为控制条件的高宽比限值的影响不容忽视;所提出的动力倾覆分析法较仅考虑平动动能的等效静力法更为准确,且更偏于安全;等效静力法相对于动力法计算结果的偏差随着地震烈度、隔震结构周期、场地卓越周期的增大而减小,随隔震层水平等效阻尼比的增大而增大;在其他设计条件不变的情况下,减轻上部结构质量、增大隔震支座总竖向刚度,对基础隔震剪力墙结构高宽比限值的提高是有利的;分析基础隔震剪力墙结构高宽比限值时,应当充分考虑场地条件、地震分组、结构周期、阻尼比等因素的影响。
Aiming at the base-isolated shear wall structure system with larger overall stiffness of the superstructure, a simplified model of two-degree-of-freedom base isolation was obtained by simplifying the upper shear wall structure as a rigid body, which can take account of the kinetic energy of the structure overturning. The vibration differential equation of the system was established. The complex modal method was used for decoupled transformation to analyze the frequency response characteristics of the translational motion of the structure and the reversal angular displacement of the isolation layer. On this basis, a dynamic overturning analysis method considering the effect of the overturning kinetic energy of the superstructure was put forward, and the dynamic calculation formula of the limit value of height-width limit ratio was derived. By comparing the results of dynamic method and equivalent static analysis, it was concluded that the influence of the turnover kinetic energy of the superstructure on the height-width ratio limit value of the base-isolated high-rise shear wall structure under the condition that the bearing is not subjected to tension should not be ignored; The dynamic capsizing method proposed in this paper is more accurate and safer than the equivalent static method which only considers translational kinetic energy.The deviation between equivalent static method and dynamic method decreases with the increase of seismic intensity, isolation structure period and site predominant period, and increases with the increase of horizontal equivalent damping ratio of isolation layer.Reducing the mass of the superstructure and increasing the total vertical stiffness of the isolation bearing are beneficial to the improvement of the limit value of the ratio of height to width of the base-isolated shear wall structure.As for the analysis of the limit ratio value,the influence of site condition, seismic grouping, structural period and damping ratio should be fully considered.
Aiming at the base-isolated shear wall structure system with larger overall stiffness of the superstructure, a simplified model of two-degree-of-freedom base isolation was obtained by simplifying the upper shear wall structure as a rigid body, which can take account of the kinetic energy of the structure overturning. The vibration differential equation of the system was established. The complex modal method was used for decoupled transformation to analyze the frequency response characteristics of the translational motion of the structure and the reversal angular displacement of the isolation layer. On this basis, a dynamic overturning analysis method considering the effect of the overturning kinetic energy of the superstructure was put forward, and the dynamic calculation formula of the limit value of height-width limit ratio was derived. By comparing the results of dynamic method and equivalent static analysis, it was concluded that the influence of the turnover kinetic energy of the superstructure on the height-width ratio limit value of the base-isolated high-rise shear wall structure under the condition that the bearing is not subjected to tension should not be ignored; The dynamic capsizing method proposed in this paper is more accurate and safer than the equivalent static method which only considers translational kinetic energy.The deviation between equivalent static method and dynamic method decreases with the increase of seismic intensity, isolation structure period and site predominant period, and increases with the increase of horizontal equivalent damping ratio of isolation layer.Reducing the mass of the superstructure and increasing the total vertical stiffness of the isolation bearing are beneficial to the improvement of the limit value of the ratio of height to width of the base-isolated shear wall structure.As for the analysis of the limit ratio value,the influence of site condition, seismic grouping, structural period and damping ratio should be fully considered.
引文
[1] ZHOU Fulin, TAN Ping, XIAN Qiaoling, et al. Research and application of seismic isolation system for building structures[J]. Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2006,23(2):1-8.
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[9] 王学庆,赵明.高层剪力墙隔震结构动力特性简化计算方法[J]. 振动与冲击,2016,35(15):127-133. WANG Xueqing, ZHAO Ming. A simplified calculation method for dynamic characteristics of high-rise shear-wall isolated buildings[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016,35(15):127-133.
[10] 刘习军,贾启芬. 工程振动理论与测试技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11] 李创第,陈欧阳,葛新广,等.高层隔震结构实空间解耦及地震作用取值分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(15):119-125. LI Chuangdi, CHEN Ouyang, GE Xinguang, et al. Decoupling in a real space and earthquake action analysis for high-rise isolated structures[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2014,33(15):119-125.
[12] 建筑抗震设计规范:GB 50011—2010[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[13] 朱杰江,吕西林,容柏生.高层混凝土结构重力二阶效应的影响分析[J].建筑结构学报,2003,24(6):38-43. ZHU Jiejiang, Lü Xilin, RONG Baisheng. Influence analysis of gravity second-order effect on tall concrete structures[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2003,24(6):38-43.
[14] 康锦霞.基础隔震高层建筑影响因素的理论分析[J].工程抗震预加固改造,2012,34(6):55-62. KANG Jinxia. Theoretic analysis for effects on a base-isolated high-rise building[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting, 2012,34(6):55-62.
[15] 周福林.工程结构减振控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997.
[2] ZHOU F L,STIEMER S F,CHERRY S. A new isolation and energy dissipating system for earthquake resistant structures[C]//Proc of 9th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 1990.
[3] ZHOU F L.The technical report on mission as consultant of UNIDO[C]//Post-SMIRT.Summary of the International Post-SMIRT Conference Seminar on Seismic isolation, Passive Energy Dissipation and Active Control of Vibrations and Structures. Santiago Chile,1995.
[4] 祁皑,范宏伟.基础隔震结构高宽比限值研究[J].建筑结构学报,2004,25(6):52-58. QI Ai, FAN Hongwei. Research on the height-width ratio of base isolated structure[J].Journal of Building Structures, 2004,25(6):52-58.
[5] 何文福,刘文光,张颖,等.高层隔震结构地震反应振动台试验分析[J]. 振动与冲击,2008,27(8):97-101. HE Wenfu, LIU Wenguang, ZHANG Ying,et al. Experimental study on high rise isolated structure[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(8):97-101.
[6] 祁皑,商昊江.高层基础隔震结构高宽比限值分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(11):272-280. QI Ai, SHANG Haojiang. Analysis on limit of height-width ratio of high-rise base-isolated structure[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2011,30(11):272-280.
[7] 商昊江,祁皑.高层隔震结构减震机理探讨[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(4):17-24. SHANG Haojiang, QI Ai. Isolation mechanism of high-rise isolation structure[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2012,31(4):17-24.
[8] 赖正聪,潘文,白羽,等.基础隔震在高烈度区大高宽比剪力墙结构中的应用与试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2017,38(9): 62-73. LAI Zhengcong, PAN Wen, BAI Yu, et al. Application and experimental investigation on base-isolated shear-wall structure with large height-width ratio in high seismic intensity regions[J].Journal of Building Structures, 2017,38 (9): 62-73.
[9] 王学庆,赵明.高层剪力墙隔震结构动力特性简化计算方法[J]. 振动与冲击,2016,35(15):127-133. WANG Xueqing, ZHAO Ming. A simplified calculation method for dynamic characteristics of high-rise shear-wall isolated buildings[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016,35(15):127-133.
[10] 刘习军,贾启芬. 工程振动理论与测试技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11] 李创第,陈欧阳,葛新广,等.高层隔震结构实空间解耦及地震作用取值分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(15):119-125. LI Chuangdi, CHEN Ouyang, GE Xinguang, et al. Decoupling in a real space and earthquake action analysis for high-rise isolated structures[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2014,33(15):119-125.
[12] 建筑抗震设计规范:GB 50011—2010[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[13] 朱杰江,吕西林,容柏生.高层混凝土结构重力二阶效应的影响分析[J].建筑结构学报,2003,24(6):38-43. ZHU Jiejiang, Lü Xilin, RONG Baisheng. Influence analysis of gravity second-order effect on tall concrete structures[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2003,24(6):38-43.
[14] 康锦霞.基础隔震高层建筑影响因素的理论分析[J].工程抗震预加固改造,2012,34(6):55-62. KANG Jinxia. Theoretic analysis for effects on a base-isolated high-rise building[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting, 2012,34(6):55-62.
[15] 周福林.工程结构减振控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997.