美国大学国际组织高层次人才培养研究——以哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院为例
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摘要
在对14个著名国际组织任职的160位高层官员履历案例分析后发现,其中63位有美国大学教育背景,而曾在哈佛大学学习的多达24人。进一步将这些官员的专业背景聚类分析,并根据USNWR和QS的大学专业排名综合评估,结果显示:哈佛大学,特别是肯尼迪政府学院,在美国的国际组织人才培养领域独占鳌头,并在世界范围内领先。对哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院的案例研究发现,内涵的公共服务传统价值取向、注重领导力培养的课程设置、知行合一的世界一流教师团队、具有现实关怀和实践能力的专业人才塑造、富有挑战性和激励性的校园氛围与各类专业活动,以及奖助加入国际组织的生涯发展,是其成功向国际组织输出高品质人才的决定因素。
A biographical analysis of 160 senior officials from 14 well-known international organizations, the authors reveals that 63 of them have American University education backgrounds and up to 24 have once studied at Harvard University. A cluster analysis of these officials' professional background, and accordingly comprehensive evaluation of the USNWR and QS World University Ranking, shows that in the field of training talents for international organizations, Harvard University, especially Kennedy School of Government is at the top, in the United States, and is also in a leading position worldwide. A further case study of Kennedy School here reveals that a series of academic and professional factors ensure Kennedy School's continuous output of high-quality talents for the international organizations, including traditional value orientation of public service,curriculum focusing on cultivating leadership, world-class faculty featuring the unity of knowledge and action,professional building emphasizing on reality concerns and practical abilities, challenging and motivating campus atmosphere and professional activities, and various scholarship for students' international organization career development.
A biographical analysis of 160 senior officials from 14 well-known international organizations, the authors reveals that 63 of them have American University education backgrounds and up to 24 have once studied at Harvard University. A cluster analysis of these officials' professional background, and accordingly comprehensive evaluation of the USNWR and QS World University Ranking, shows that in the field of training talents for international organizations, Harvard University, especially Kennedy School of Government is at the top, in the United States, and is also in a leading position worldwide. A further case study of Kennedy School here reveals that a series of academic and professional factors ensure Kennedy School's continuous output of high-quality talents for the international organizations, including traditional value orientation of public service,curriculum focusing on cultivating leadership, world-class faculty featuring the unity of knowledge and action,professional building emphasizing on reality concerns and practical abilities, challenging and motivating campus atmosphere and professional activities, and various scholarship for students' international organization career development.
引文
[1]张民选.国际组织与教育发展[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2010:21.
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[5](美)莫顿·凯勒,(美)菲利斯·凯勒.哈佛走向现代:美国大学的崛起[M].史静寰,钟周,赵琳译.北京:清华大学出版社.2007:390-391
[6]Heifetz R A,Sinder R M,Jones A,et al.Teaching and Assessing Leadership Courses at the John F.Kennedy School of Government[J].Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,1989,(3):536-562.
[7]Ralph M.Stogdill.Personal Factors Associated with Leadership:A Survey of the Literature[J].The Journal of Psychology,1948,(1):35-71.
[8]Blanchard K H,Zigarmi P,Zigarmi D.Leadership and the One Minute Manager:Increasing Effectiveness through Situational Leadership[J].British Journal of Leadership in Public Services,1985,(5):39-41.
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[21]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student Publications[EB/O L](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/student-life/student-publications.
[22]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student-Led Conferences[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-8].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/events/student-led-conferences.
[23]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student Activities[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/student-life/student-activities.
[24]HKS.Harvard/HKS Funding Resources in Alpha Order[R/OL](2017-05-28).[2017-05-28].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/content/download/82403/1847961/file/Harvard-HKS%20 Funding%20Resources%20in%20Al pha%20Order.pdf.
[25]HKS.Fellowships&Scholarships[DB/OL](2017-05-28).[2017-05-28].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/degrees/sfs/prospective-students/fellowships-scholarships.
[26]HKS.Loan Repayment Assistance and Forgiveness Programs[DB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/degrees/sfs/prospective-students/loans/loan-forgiveness.
[2]HLS.Other Paths to International Practice[EB/OL].(2017-04-01)[2017-04-10].http://hls.harvard.edu/dept/opia/whatis-public-interest-law/public-international-law/otherpaths-to-international-practice/.
[3]U.S.News&World Report LP.Graduate School Search[EB/OL].[2017-10-10].https://www.usnews.com/best-graduateschools/top-education-schools.
[4]QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited.QS World University Rankings by Subject[EB/OL].(2017-02-28)[2017-10-01].https://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings/2017.
[5](美)莫顿·凯勒,(美)菲利斯·凯勒.哈佛走向现代:美国大学的崛起[M].史静寰,钟周,赵琳译.北京:清华大学出版社.2007:390-391
[6]Heifetz R A,Sinder R M,Jones A,et al.Teaching and Assessing Leadership Courses at the John F.Kennedy School of Government[J].Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,1989,(3):536-562.
[7]Ralph M.Stogdill.Personal Factors Associated with Leadership:A Survey of the Literature[J].The Journal of Psychology,1948,(1):35-71.
[8]Blanchard K H,Zigarmi P,Zigarmi D.Leadership and the One Minute Manager:Increasing Effectiveness through Situational Leadership[J].British Journal of Leadership in Public Services,1985,(5):39-41.
[9]VH Vroom,PW Yetton.Leadership and DecisionMaking[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1973,(2):I.
[10]B.J.Crowe,S.Bochner and A.W.Clark.The Effects of Subordinate Behavior on Managerial Style[J].Human Relations.1972,(3):215-237.
[11]HARVARD Kennedy School.Planning a Course[EB/OL](2018-04-08)[2018-4-8].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/about-us/leadership-administration/academicdeans-office/slate/teaching-resources/planning.
[12]HARVARD Kennedy School.The Concentration in International&Global Affairs(version 2.0)[R/OL].(2016-09-20)[2017-05-01].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/content/download/81446/1827688/file/iga-factsheet_AY17_version%202.0.pdf.
[13]HARVARD Kennedy School.Learning by the Case Method[R/OL](2017-05-01).[2017-05-01].https://case.hks.harvard.edu/content/1136_0.pdf.
[14]HARVARD Kennedy School.Curriculum[EB/OL](2017-05-01).[2017-05-01].https://exed.hks.harvard.edu/HKS_Advantage/Curriculum.aspx.
[15]HARVARD Kennedy School.Courses[EB/OL](2017-10-01).[2017-10-01].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/courses.
[16]HARVARD Kennedy School.Lant Prichett[EB/OL](2017-05-01).[2017-05-01].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/degrees/masters/mpa-id/curriculum.
[17]HARVARD Kennedy School.Decision Sciences[EB/OL](2017-05-11).[2017-5-1].http://healthpolicy.fas.harvard.edu/decision-sciences/.
[18]HARVARD Kennedy School.Communications Program[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/about-us/leadership-administration/officesdeans/academic-deans-office/communications-program.
[19]HARVARD Kennedy School.Spring Policy Exercise[EB/O L](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/educational-programs/masters-programs/masterpublic-policy/curriculum/spring-policy-exercise.
[20]HARVARD Kennedy School.Policy Analysis Exercise[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/educational-programs/masters-programs/masterpublic-policy/curriculum/policy-analysis-exercise.
[21]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student Publications[EB/O L](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/student-life/student-publications.
[22]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student-Led Conferences[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-8].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/events/student-led-conferences.
[23]HARVARD Kennedy School.Student Activities[EB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.hks.harvard.edu/more/student-life/student-activities.
[24]HKS.Harvard/HKS Funding Resources in Alpha Order[R/OL](2017-05-28).[2017-05-28].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/content/download/82403/1847961/file/Harvard-HKS%20 Funding%20Resources%20in%20Al pha%20Order.pdf.
[25]HKS.Fellowships&Scholarships[DB/OL](2017-05-28).[2017-05-28].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/degrees/sfs/prospective-students/fellowships-scholarships.
[26]HKS.Loan Repayment Assistance and Forgiveness Programs[DB/OL](2018-04-08).[2018-04-08].https://www.HKS.harvard.edu/degrees/sfs/prospective-students/loans/loan-forgiveness.