雨生红球藻源虾青素酯的消化吸收特性研究
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摘要
目的:研究雨生红球藻源虾青素酯在模型小鼠体内的消化吸收特性。方法:选用Balb/c小鼠作为模型动物,通过给予模型小鼠灌胃纯化藻源虾青素酯,研究虾青素酯在小鼠体内的消化过程、吸收部位和排泄情况;通过测定单次灌胃虾青素酯后小鼠血液和肝脏中的虾青素浓度-时间曲线,考察其在模型动物体内的代谢动力学。结果:虾青素酯在模型动物体内以游离态的形式被吸收利用,其中不同肠段对虾青素的吸收能力从高到低依次为空肠>回肠>十二指肠>结肠;实验小鼠被灌胃虾青素酯24 h后收集的粪便中几乎无虾青素检出;灌胃虾青素酯后,小鼠血清和肝脏中的虾青素质量浓度明显上升,且均在12 h时达到最高峰值,分别为0.215μg/mL和0.727μg/mL。结论:本研究结果为虾青素酯作为功能因子在食品中的应用提供了科学依据。
In this paper, digestibility and absorbability of astaxanthin esters was studied using Balb/c mice as model animals. The digestion process, absorption site and excretion of astaxanthin in mice were evaluated by single-dose oral gavage esterified astaxanthins which were purified from Haematococcus pluvialis. Then the astaxanthin content-time curves and pharmacokinetics of astaxanthin in blood and liver of mice were measured. The results showed that the esterified astaxanthin esters are hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract. Then it was absorbed in free form of astaxanthin by organism.The absorption capacity of astaxanthin by different intestine segments were decreased in the following order: jejunum >ileum > duodenum > colon; There almost no astxanthin was detected in excrement after 24 h by oral gavage esterified astaxanthins. The mass concentration of astaxanthin in the blood and liver of mice was significantly increased after feeding esterified astaxanthins, and the mass concentration of astaxanthin in both plasma and liver reached a maximum(Cmax)at 12 h. The Cmaxin plasma and liver was 0.215 μg/mL and 0.727 μg/mL, respectively. These results could provide an important evidence for using esterified astaxanthins as bioactive components in food products.
In this paper, digestibility and absorbability of astaxanthin esters was studied using Balb/c mice as model animals. The digestion process, absorption site and excretion of astaxanthin in mice were evaluated by single-dose oral gavage esterified astaxanthins which were purified from Haematococcus pluvialis. Then the astaxanthin content-time curves and pharmacokinetics of astaxanthin in blood and liver of mice were measured. The results showed that the esterified astaxanthin esters are hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract. Then it was absorbed in free form of astaxanthin by organism.The absorption capacity of astaxanthin by different intestine segments were decreased in the following order: jejunum >ileum > duodenum > colon; There almost no astxanthin was detected in excrement after 24 h by oral gavage esterified astaxanthins. The mass concentration of astaxanthin in the blood and liver of mice was significantly increased after feeding esterified astaxanthins, and the mass concentration of astaxanthin in both plasma and liver reached a maximum(Cmax)at 12 h. The Cmaxin plasma and liver was 0.215 μg/mL and 0.727 μg/mL, respectively. These results could provide an important evidence for using esterified astaxanthins as bioactive components in food products.
引文
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[13]FU H F,XIE B J,FAN G,et al.Effect of esterification with fatty acid ofβ-cryptoxanthin on its thermal stability and antioxidant activity by chemiluminescence method[J].Food Chemistry,2010,122(3):602-609.
[14]FAUZIAH T A,ROBERT E A,IMELDA R S,et al.Effect of temperature on lutein esterification and lutein stability in wheat grain[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2013,58(3):408-413.
[15]雷菲,高彦祥,侯占群.体外消化过程中影响类胡萝卜素生物利用率的因素[J].食品科学,2012,33(21):368-373.
[16]VAN HET HOF K H,WEST C E,WESTSTRATEJ A,et al.Dietary factors that affect the bioavailability of carotenoids[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2000,130(3):503-506.
[17]ROCK C L,SWENDSEID M E.Plasma betacarotene response in humans after meals supplemented with dietary pectin[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1992,55(1):96-99.
[18]KOSTIC D,WHITE,W S,OLSON J A.Intestinalabsorption,serum clearance,and interactions between lutein and beta-carotene when administered to human adults in separate or combined oral doses[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1995,62(3):604-610.
[19]BREITHAUPT D E,WELLER P,GRASHORN MA.Quantification of carotenoids in chicken plasma after feeding free or esterified lutein and capsanthin using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(3):395-401.
[20]BREITHAUPT D E,WELLER P,WOLTERS M,et al.Plasma response to a single dose of dietary beta-cryptoxanthin esters from papaya(Carica papaya L.)or non-esterified beta-cryptoxanthin in adult human subjects:A comparative study[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2003,90(4):795-801.
[2]LORENZ R T,CYSEWSKI G R.Commercial potential for Haematococcus microalgae as a natural source of astaxanthin[J].Trends in Biotechnology,2000,18(4):160-167.
[3]惠伯棣.类胡萝卜素化学及生物化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2005:30-40.
[4]CAPELLI B,CYSEWSKI G.Natural astaxanthin:King of the Carotenoids[M].Hawaii:Published by Cyanotech Corporation,2007:87-107.
[5]HALLDORSSON A,HARALDSSON G G.Fatty acid selectivity of microbial lipase and lipolytic enzymes from salmonid fish intestines toward astaxanthin diesters[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,2004,81(4):347-353.
[6]CORAL-HINOSTROZA G N,YTRESTOYL T,RUYTER B,et al.Plasma appearance of unesterified astaxanthin geometrical E/Z and optical R/S isomers in men given single doses of a mixture of optical 3 and 3’R/S isomers of astaxanthin fatty acyl diesters[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C:Toxicology&Pharmacology,2004,139(1/2/3):99-110.
[7]ZHOU Q X,XU J,YANG S,et al.The effect of various antioxidants on the degradation of O/W microemulsions containing esterified astaxanthins from Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Oleo Science,2015,64(5):515-525.
[8]MATYASH V,LIEBISCH G,KURZCHALIA T V,et al.Lipid extraction by methyl-tert-butyl ether for high-throughput lipidomics[J].The Journal of Lipid Research,2008,49(5):1137-1146.
[9]KHACHIK F,BEECHER R,GOLIM B,et al.Separation and quanti-fication of carotenoids in human plasma[J].Methods Enzymol,1992,213(1):205-219.
[10]张艳,惠伯棣,张凌霄.叶黄素酯在体内消化吸收过程中水解的研究[J].食品科学,2007,28(8):461-465.
[11]连婧阁,苏伊丹,郭芳,等.叶黄素体内代谢过程的研究进展[J].世界复合医学,2015,1(3):259-261.
[12]BIEHLER E,BOHN T.Methods for assessing aspects of carotenoid bioavailability[J].Current Nutrition&Food Science,2010,6(1):44-69.
[13]FU H F,XIE B J,FAN G,et al.Effect of esterification with fatty acid ofβ-cryptoxanthin on its thermal stability and antioxidant activity by chemiluminescence method[J].Food Chemistry,2010,122(3):602-609.
[14]FAUZIAH T A,ROBERT E A,IMELDA R S,et al.Effect of temperature on lutein esterification and lutein stability in wheat grain[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2013,58(3):408-413.
[15]雷菲,高彦祥,侯占群.体外消化过程中影响类胡萝卜素生物利用率的因素[J].食品科学,2012,33(21):368-373.
[16]VAN HET HOF K H,WEST C E,WESTSTRATEJ A,et al.Dietary factors that affect the bioavailability of carotenoids[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2000,130(3):503-506.
[17]ROCK C L,SWENDSEID M E.Plasma betacarotene response in humans after meals supplemented with dietary pectin[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1992,55(1):96-99.
[18]KOSTIC D,WHITE,W S,OLSON J A.Intestinalabsorption,serum clearance,and interactions between lutein and beta-carotene when administered to human adults in separate or combined oral doses[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1995,62(3):604-610.
[19]BREITHAUPT D E,WELLER P,GRASHORN MA.Quantification of carotenoids in chicken plasma after feeding free or esterified lutein and capsanthin using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(3):395-401.
[20]BREITHAUPT D E,WELLER P,WOLTERS M,et al.Plasma response to a single dose of dietary beta-cryptoxanthin esters from papaya(Carica papaya L.)or non-esterified beta-cryptoxanthin in adult human subjects:A comparative study[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2003,90(4):795-801.