硫磺和放线菌强化植物修复土壤镉污染
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摘要
为了强化耐受重金属镉(Cd)的植物包心芥菜对土壤中Cd污染的富集及转运效率,以包心芥菜为研究对象,向土壤中添加0.3%的硫磺和接种不同数量的放线菌Act12(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0g/kg),通过盆栽实验,研究不同处理间根际土pH值的变化规律、包心芥菜地上和地下部分Cd的积累量、植物抗氧化酶系的变化以及根系活力.结果表明:添加0.3%硫磺和2.0g/kg放线菌Act12后,根际土pH值下降最大,相比对照下降了14.5%.而添加0.3%硫磺和1.5g/kg的放线菌Act12,包心芥菜地上部分Cd的含量最高,转运系数最大,相比对照,Cd含量提高了79%,并且植物地上部分的干重最大.添加放线菌Act12对植物的抗氧化系统有积极作用,CAT、POD、SOD含量均在0.3%硫磺和1.0g/kg放线菌Act12的添加组合下达到峰值,放线菌Act12还可提高植物的根系活力,降低丙二醛的含量.综上表明,添加硫磺和放线菌Act12均可强化包心芥菜吸收土壤中Cd的能力,其中0.3%硫磺和1.5g/kg放线菌Act12的添加组合强化效果最佳.
Enhanced phytoremediation with the involvement of microbes and chemicals has become an alternative technique to remediate the contamination of heavy metal in soils. The combination of 0.3% sulfur and three levels of actinomycete Act 12 enhanced phytoremediation has been experimented to remediate the Cd-contaminated soil by employing Brassica juncea, a Cd-tolerant plant. The Cd accumulation in plant root and shoot part, antioxidant enzyme activities and plant root activity were measured to explore the potential mechanisms. The results showed that the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 2.0 g/kg Act12 addition significantly reduced Rhizosphere pH by 14.5%. By comparison, the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.5 g/kg Act12 addition treatment dramatically increased Cd accumulation in plant shoot by up to 79%. Act12 addition positively enhanced plant antioxidant system, and the values of CAT, POD, and SOD reached the peak in the treatment with a combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.0 g/kg Act12. Additionally, Act12 addition boosted plant root activities and reduced the content of MAD. Our study indicated that both sulfur and actinomycete Act 12 can enhance the absorption capacity of Cd by Brassica juncea, and the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.5 g/kg Act12 addition achieved the best results in our experiments.
Enhanced phytoremediation with the involvement of microbes and chemicals has become an alternative technique to remediate the contamination of heavy metal in soils. The combination of 0.3% sulfur and three levels of actinomycete Act 12 enhanced phytoremediation has been experimented to remediate the Cd-contaminated soil by employing Brassica juncea, a Cd-tolerant plant. The Cd accumulation in plant root and shoot part, antioxidant enzyme activities and plant root activity were measured to explore the potential mechanisms. The results showed that the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 2.0 g/kg Act12 addition significantly reduced Rhizosphere pH by 14.5%. By comparison, the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.5 g/kg Act12 addition treatment dramatically increased Cd accumulation in plant shoot by up to 79%. Act12 addition positively enhanced plant antioxidant system, and the values of CAT, POD, and SOD reached the peak in the treatment with a combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.0 g/kg Act12. Additionally, Act12 addition boosted plant root activities and reduced the content of MAD. Our study indicated that both sulfur and actinomycete Act 12 can enhance the absorption capacity of Cd by Brassica juncea, and the combination of 0.3% sulfur and 1.5 g/kg Act12 addition achieved the best results in our experiments.
引文
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[13]曾远,罗立强.土壤中特异性微生物促进植物修复重金属研究进展[J].岩矿测试,2017,36(2):97-109.Zeng Y, Luo L Q. Research progress on heavy metal phytoremediation enhanced by special microorganisms in soils[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis,2017,36(2):97-109.
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[15]郭瞻宇.镉、锌耐性芥菜品种筛选及其耐受机理研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.Guo Z Y. Screening of high tolerance Cd/Zn mustard cultivars and research on the physiological mechanism[D]. Yang Ling:Northwest A&F University, 2018.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:25-151.BAO S D. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis(3rd Edition)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2000:25-151.
[17]刘少霞,陈贵,秦萍,等.植物体内MDA不同提取液与显色液反应条件的比较[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(10):2829-2829.Liu S X, Chen G, Qin P, et al. Comparisons on reaction conditions of different extraction solvents for plant endogenous MDA and chromogenic reagent[J]. Journal of AnHui Agricultural Sciences,2007,35(10):2829-2829.
[18]赵炀,李永生,高秀峰.基于愈创木酚荧光减量准确测定过氧化物酶活性的新方法[J].分析化学,2015,43(7):1040-1046.Zhao Y, Li Y S, Gao X F. A new method for accurate determination of peroxidase activity based on fluorescence decrease of guaiacol[J].Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2015,43(7):1040-1046.
[19] Marklund S, Marklund G.Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase[J]. Journal of Cluster Science, 2010,47(3):469-474.
[20]吴曦.硫在土壤中的形态及硫磺氧化[J].科学之友,2009,6(18):7-8.Wu Xi. Sulfur in soil shape and sulfur oxidation[J]. Friend of Science Amateurs, 2009,6(18):7-8.
[21]沈兰,秦岭,张卫东,等.硫磺不同用量对土壤pH值、EC值及草莓长势的影响[J].农业工程技术,2016,3(7):20-23.Shen L, Qin L, Zhang W D, et al. Effects of different sulphur dosage on soil pH value, EC value and Strawberry Growth[J]. Applied Engineering Technology, 2016,3(7):20-23.
[22]崔岩山,王庆仁,董艺婷,等.硫磺对土壤中Pb和Zn形态的影响[J].环境化学,2004,23(1):46-50.Cui Y S, Wang Q H, Dong Y T, et al. Effect of element sulfur on speciation of Pb and Zn of contaminated soil[J]. Environment Chemistry,2004,23(1):46-50.
[23] Starkey R L. Oxidation and reduction of sulfur compounds in soils[J].Soil Science,1996,101(4):297-306.
[24] Israr D, Mustafa G, Khan K S. et al. Interactive effects of phosphorus and Pseudomonas putida on chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)growth,nutrient uptake, antioxidant enzymes and organic acids exudation[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016,108(11):304-312.
[25] Guarino C,Sciarrillo R.Effectiveness of in situ application of an Integrated Phytoremediation System(IPS)by adding a selected blend of rhizosphere microbes to heavily multi-contaminated soils[J].Ecological Engineering, 2017,99(2):70-82.
[26] Jin C W, Li G X, Yu X H, et al. Plant Fe status affects the composition of siderophore-secreting microbes in the rhizosphere[J]. Annals of Botany,2010,105(5):835-841.
[27] Nenwani V,Doshi P,Saha T,et al. Isolation and characterization of a fungal isolate for phosphate solubilization and plant growth promoting activity[J]. Journal of Biotechnology, 2010,136(2):713-721.
[28] Ali A,Guo D,Mahar A,et al. Phytoextraction of toxic trace elements by Sorghum bicolor inoculated with Streptomyces pactum(Act12)in contaminated soils[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2017,139(5):202-209.
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