液氮压裂技术及其前景分析
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摘要
为了避免水力压裂造成的储层伤害与环境污染等一系列问题,笔者提出采用液氮压裂有望解决这些问题,分析了液氮低温对岩石产生的降温致裂作用和冻结致裂作用,总结了液氮压裂技术、经济及环保方面的优势,对液氮压裂前景进行展望,指出液氮压裂可作为油气开发的技术储备,对于今后实现非常规天然气高效开发具有十分重要意义。
With the development of unconventional gases, there are problems such as reservoir damage and environment pollution in hydraulic fracturing. In contrast, liquid nitrogen fracturing is expected to solve these problems. In this paper, the cracking effect of liquid nitrogen cooling on rock is analyzed, the technological, economic and environmental advantages of liquid nitrogen fracturing are discussed. Finally, the application prospect of liquid nitrogen fracturing is investigated. Liquid nitrogen fracturing can become an alternative technology for oil and gas recovery and it is significant for the high efficient recovery of unconventional gases in future.
With the development of unconventional gases, there are problems such as reservoir damage and environment pollution in hydraulic fracturing. In contrast, liquid nitrogen fracturing is expected to solve these problems. In this paper, the cracking effect of liquid nitrogen cooling on rock is analyzed, the technological, economic and environmental advantages of liquid nitrogen fracturing are discussed. Finally, the application prospect of liquid nitrogen fracturing is investigated. Liquid nitrogen fracturing can become an alternative technology for oil and gas recovery and it is significant for the high efficient recovery of unconventional gases in future.
引文
[1]HOLTSCLAW J,LOVELESS D M,SAINI R K,et al.Environmentally focused crosslinked-gel system results in high retained proppant-pack conductivity[C].Society of Petroleum Engineers.SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Denver:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2011.
[2]FREEMAN E R,ABEL J C,KIM C M,et al.A stimulation technique using only nitrogen[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1983(35):2165-2174.
[3]GRUNDMANN S R,RODVELT G D,DIALS G A,et al.Cryogenic nitrogen as a hydraulic fracturing fluid in the devonian shale[C].Society of Petroleum Engineers.SPE Eastern Regional Meeting.Pittsburgh:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1998.
[4]HORI M,MORIHIRO H.Micromechanical analysis on deterioration due to freezing and thawing in porous brittle materials[J].International Journal of Engineering Science,1998(36):511-522.
[5]CHEN T C,YEUNG M R.Effect of water saturation on deterioration of welded tuff due to freeze-thaw action[J].Cold Regions Science And Technology,2004(38):127-136.
[2]FREEMAN E R,ABEL J C,KIM C M,et al.A stimulation technique using only nitrogen[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1983(35):2165-2174.
[3]GRUNDMANN S R,RODVELT G D,DIALS G A,et al.Cryogenic nitrogen as a hydraulic fracturing fluid in the devonian shale[C].Society of Petroleum Engineers.SPE Eastern Regional Meeting.Pittsburgh:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1998.
[4]HORI M,MORIHIRO H.Micromechanical analysis on deterioration due to freezing and thawing in porous brittle materials[J].International Journal of Engineering Science,1998(36):511-522.
[5]CHEN T C,YEUNG M R.Effect of water saturation on deterioration of welded tuff due to freeze-thaw action[J].Cold Regions Science And Technology,2004(38):127-136.