浅析MBR工艺中活性污泥性质及其影响
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摘要
MBR(膜生物反应器)工艺具有占地面积小、容积负荷高、出水水质稳定、可实现自动化控制等优点,被广泛应用于各类废水处理中。MBR工艺以活性污泥混合液为过滤介质,将膜分离技术与活性污泥系统高效结合,活性污泥混合液的性质直接影响MBR的出水水质水量和膜污染情况。本文介绍了MBR工艺和活性污泥性质对MBR工艺处理效果的影响,阐述了膜污染控制措施和清洗方式。
MBR(membrane bioreactor) process is widely used in wastewater treatment due to its advantages such as small footprint, high volume load, stable effluent quality, easy to operate and automatic controllable etc. The MBR process uses the activated sludge mixture as the filtration medium to effectively combine the membrane separation technology with the activated sludge system. Therefore, the characteristics of the activated sludge intermixture directly affects the water quality and quantity of the MBR effluent, the membrane pollution situation and the membrane cleaning frequency. In this paper, the MBR process and the influences of the properties of activated sludge on the MBR process treatment effects is elaborated,and the membrane fouling control measures and cleaning methods are introduced.
MBR(membrane bioreactor) process is widely used in wastewater treatment due to its advantages such as small footprint, high volume load, stable effluent quality, easy to operate and automatic controllable etc. The MBR process uses the activated sludge mixture as the filtration medium to effectively combine the membrane separation technology with the activated sludge system. Therefore, the characteristics of the activated sludge intermixture directly affects the water quality and quantity of the MBR effluent, the membrane pollution situation and the membrane cleaning frequency. In this paper, the MBR process and the influences of the properties of activated sludge on the MBR process treatment effects is elaborated,and the membrane fouling control measures and cleaning methods are introduced.
引文
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2 K Yamamoto,M Hiasa,T Mahmood,etal.Direc solid-liquid separation using hollow fiber membrane in an activated-sludge aeration tank[J].Water Science and Technology,1989,21(4):43-54.
3 S Judd.The MBR Book:Principles and Applications of Membrane Bioreactors in Water and Wastewater Treatment[M].Elsevier:Oxford,2006.
4郑祥,樊耀波.影响MBR处理效果及膜通量的因素研究[J].中国给水排水,2002,18(1):19-22.
5岑运华.膜生物反应器在污水处理中的应用[J]水处理技术,1991,17(5):318-323.
6 C Wisniewski,A Grasmick.Floc size distribution in a membrane bioreactor and consequences for membrane fouling[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1998,138(2):403-411.
7黄霞,桂萍,范晓军,等.膜生物反应器废水处理工艺的研究进展[J].环境科学研究,1998,(1):40-44.
8 B Marrot,A Barrios-Martinez,P Moulin,etal Industrial wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor:A review[J].Environmental Progress,2004,23(1):59-68.
9 HF Van der Roest,AGN Van Bentem,DPLawrence.MBR technology in municipal wastewater treatment:challenging the traditional treatment technologies[J].Water Science and Technology,2002,46(4):273-280.
10周玉芬,于淼,杨勇,等.MBR在我国应用现状与市场发展趋势[J].工业水处理,2010,30(7):5-7.
11 D N Petsev,V M Starov,I B Ivanov.Concentrated dispersions of charged colloidal particles:Sedimentation,ultrafiltration and diffusion[J]Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1993,(81):65-81.
12张洪杰,于水利,赵方波,等.膜生物反应器膜污染影响因素的分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,21(4):440-443.
13 W Yang,N Cicek,J Ilg.State-of-the-art o membrane bioreactors:Worldwide research and commercial applications in North America[J].Journa of Membrane Science,2006,270(1):201-211
14安晓红,肖羽堂,吕晓龙,等.改善污泥性质控制MBR膜污染的研究进展[J].水处理技术,2010,36(1):30-35.
15 F Fan,H Zhou,Husain H.Identification of wastewater sludge characteristics to predict critical flux for membrane bioreactor processes[J].Water Research,2006,40(2):205-212.
16 W Lee,S Kang,H Shin.Sludge characteristics and their contribution to microfiltration in submerged membrane bioreactors[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2003,216(1):217-227.
17 S Lübbecke,A Vogelpohl,W Dewjanin.Wastewater treatment in a biological high-performance system with high biomass concentration[J].Water Research,1995,29(3):793-802.
18由昆,傅金祥,琚冉,等.MBR中MLSS的变化对处理效果的影响[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2006,22(5):825-828.
19 I S Chang,S N Kim.Wastewater treatment using membrane filtration-effect of biosolids concentration on cake resistance[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(3):1307-1314.
20 P Le-Clech,V Chen,T A Fane.Fouling in membrane bioreactors used in wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,284(1):17-53.
21 T Jiang,S Myngheer,D Pauw,etal.Modelling the production and degradation of soluble microbial products(SMP)in membrane bioreactors(MBR)[J]Water Research,2008,42(20):4955-4964.
22 D J Barker,D C Stuckey.A review of soluble microbial products(SMP)in wastewater treatmen systems[J].Water Research,1999,33(14):3063-3082.
23陈宏宇.膜生物反应器中SMP的特性及其对膜污染影响的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.
24胡以松,王晓昌,陈华,等.膜生物反应器污泥内源消化及SMP变化[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(12):4625-4630.
25 S F Aquino,D C Stuckey.Production of Soluble Microbial Products(SMP)in Anaerobic Chemostats Under Nutrient Deficiency[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2003,129(11):1007-1014.
26 H C Flemming,J Wingender.Relevance of microbia extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)-Part I:Structural and ecological aspects[J].Water Science and Technology,2001,43(6):1-8.
27 P H Nielsen,A Jahn,R Palmgren.Conceptual model for production and composition of exopolymers in biofilms[J].Water Science and Technology,1997,36(1):11-19.
28 J W Morgan,C F Forster,L Evison.A comparative study of the nature of biopolymers extracted from anaerobic and activated sludges[J].Water Research,1990,24(6):743-750.
29 H C Flemming,G Schaule,T Griebe,etal Biofouling-the Achilles heel of membrane processes[J]Desalination,1997,113(2):215-225.
30 I S Chang,P Le-Clech,B Jefferson,etal Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Environmenta Engineering ASCE,2002,(128):1018-1029.
31 Z Wang,Z Wu,S Tang.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)properties and their effects on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2009,43(9):2504-2512.
32 K Ouyang,J Liu.Effect of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics and membrane fouling of membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(10):1329-1335.
33 M Herzberg,S Kang,M Elimelech.Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances(EPS)in Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43(12):4393-4398.
2 K Yamamoto,M Hiasa,T Mahmood,etal.Direc solid-liquid separation using hollow fiber membrane in an activated-sludge aeration tank[J].Water Science and Technology,1989,21(4):43-54.
3 S Judd.The MBR Book:Principles and Applications of Membrane Bioreactors in Water and Wastewater Treatment[M].Elsevier:Oxford,2006.
4郑祥,樊耀波.影响MBR处理效果及膜通量的因素研究[J].中国给水排水,2002,18(1):19-22.
5岑运华.膜生物反应器在污水处理中的应用[J]水处理技术,1991,17(5):318-323.
6 C Wisniewski,A Grasmick.Floc size distribution in a membrane bioreactor and consequences for membrane fouling[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1998,138(2):403-411.
7黄霞,桂萍,范晓军,等.膜生物反应器废水处理工艺的研究进展[J].环境科学研究,1998,(1):40-44.
8 B Marrot,A Barrios-Martinez,P Moulin,etal Industrial wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor:A review[J].Environmental Progress,2004,23(1):59-68.
9 HF Van der Roest,AGN Van Bentem,DPLawrence.MBR technology in municipal wastewater treatment:challenging the traditional treatment technologies[J].Water Science and Technology,2002,46(4):273-280.
10周玉芬,于淼,杨勇,等.MBR在我国应用现状与市场发展趋势[J].工业水处理,2010,30(7):5-7.
11 D N Petsev,V M Starov,I B Ivanov.Concentrated dispersions of charged colloidal particles:Sedimentation,ultrafiltration and diffusion[J]Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1993,(81):65-81.
12张洪杰,于水利,赵方波,等.膜生物反应器膜污染影响因素的分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,21(4):440-443.
13 W Yang,N Cicek,J Ilg.State-of-the-art o membrane bioreactors:Worldwide research and commercial applications in North America[J].Journa of Membrane Science,2006,270(1):201-211
14安晓红,肖羽堂,吕晓龙,等.改善污泥性质控制MBR膜污染的研究进展[J].水处理技术,2010,36(1):30-35.
15 F Fan,H Zhou,Husain H.Identification of wastewater sludge characteristics to predict critical flux for membrane bioreactor processes[J].Water Research,2006,40(2):205-212.
16 W Lee,S Kang,H Shin.Sludge characteristics and their contribution to microfiltration in submerged membrane bioreactors[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2003,216(1):217-227.
17 S Lübbecke,A Vogelpohl,W Dewjanin.Wastewater treatment in a biological high-performance system with high biomass concentration[J].Water Research,1995,29(3):793-802.
18由昆,傅金祥,琚冉,等.MBR中MLSS的变化对处理效果的影响[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2006,22(5):825-828.
19 I S Chang,S N Kim.Wastewater treatment using membrane filtration-effect of biosolids concentration on cake resistance[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(3):1307-1314.
20 P Le-Clech,V Chen,T A Fane.Fouling in membrane bioreactors used in wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,284(1):17-53.
21 T Jiang,S Myngheer,D Pauw,etal.Modelling the production and degradation of soluble microbial products(SMP)in membrane bioreactors(MBR)[J]Water Research,2008,42(20):4955-4964.
22 D J Barker,D C Stuckey.A review of soluble microbial products(SMP)in wastewater treatmen systems[J].Water Research,1999,33(14):3063-3082.
23陈宏宇.膜生物反应器中SMP的特性及其对膜污染影响的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.
24胡以松,王晓昌,陈华,等.膜生物反应器污泥内源消化及SMP变化[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(12):4625-4630.
25 S F Aquino,D C Stuckey.Production of Soluble Microbial Products(SMP)in Anaerobic Chemostats Under Nutrient Deficiency[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2003,129(11):1007-1014.
26 H C Flemming,J Wingender.Relevance of microbia extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)-Part I:Structural and ecological aspects[J].Water Science and Technology,2001,43(6):1-8.
27 P H Nielsen,A Jahn,R Palmgren.Conceptual model for production and composition of exopolymers in biofilms[J].Water Science and Technology,1997,36(1):11-19.
28 J W Morgan,C F Forster,L Evison.A comparative study of the nature of biopolymers extracted from anaerobic and activated sludges[J].Water Research,1990,24(6):743-750.
29 H C Flemming,G Schaule,T Griebe,etal Biofouling-the Achilles heel of membrane processes[J]Desalination,1997,113(2):215-225.
30 I S Chang,P Le-Clech,B Jefferson,etal Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Environmenta Engineering ASCE,2002,(128):1018-1029.
31 Z Wang,Z Wu,S Tang.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)properties and their effects on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2009,43(9):2504-2512.
32 K Ouyang,J Liu.Effect of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics and membrane fouling of membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(10):1329-1335.
33 M Herzberg,S Kang,M Elimelech.Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances(EPS)in Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43(12):4393-4398.