温度和光周期对黑带食蚜蝇蛹及食蚜蝇姬蜂羽化的影响
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摘要
为黑带食蚜蝇规模化饲养、运输和延长货架期提供理论依据,采用室内人工饲养的方法,研究不同光周期和温度条件对黑带食蚜蝇蛹和食蚜蝇姬蜂发育历期及羽化率的影响。结果表明:温度是黑带食蚜蝇蛹发育的关键因子,在湿度和光周期恒定条件下,15～30℃时,黑带食蚜蝇蛹的历期随温度的升高缩短,平均历期从11.35d缩短至5.06d;在30℃时羽化率最高,为82.5%;在光周期L∶D=12h∶12h,温度20～25℃条件下,食蚜蝇姬蜂羽化率高达85%。
In order to provide a theoretical basis for large-scale rearing,transportation and extension of shelf life of Episyrphus balteatus,under the condition of artificial rearing in laboratory,the development duration and rate of eclosion of E.balteatus pupae and Diplazon laetatorius were investigated under different conditions of temperature and light.Results:Temperature is the key factor affecting the pupae development of E.balteatus,the pupae duration of E.balteatus was shortened with the increase of the temperature within the range of 15-30℃ under the constant conditions of humidity and photoperiod.The average duration of pupae of E.balteatus was shortened from 11.35 dto 5.06 dduring the increasing temperature from 15℃to 30℃;The rate of eclosion was as high as 82.5%at 30℃.The rate of eclosion of D.laetatorius was as high as 85% when photoperiod L∶D =12 h∶12 hat 20-25℃.
In order to provide a theoretical basis for large-scale rearing,transportation and extension of shelf life of Episyrphus balteatus,under the condition of artificial rearing in laboratory,the development duration and rate of eclosion of E.balteatus pupae and Diplazon laetatorius were investigated under different conditions of temperature and light.Results:Temperature is the key factor affecting the pupae development of E.balteatus,the pupae duration of E.balteatus was shortened with the increase of the temperature within the range of 15-30℃ under the constant conditions of humidity and photoperiod.The average duration of pupae of E.balteatus was shortened from 11.35 dto 5.06 dduring the increasing temperature from 15℃to 30℃;The rate of eclosion was as high as 82.5%at 30℃.The rate of eclosion of D.laetatorius was as high as 85% when photoperiod L∶D =12 h∶12 hat 20-25℃.
引文
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[23]曾维爱,谭琳,李密,等.烟草害虫天敌昆虫产品化现状及其产业化发展对策探讨[J].中国植保导刊,2016,37(3):69-73.
[24]曾凡荣,徐学农,王恩东.天敌昆虫品质控制方法[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(2):324-326.
[25]沈祖乐,李翌菡,周雅婷,等.天敌昆虫低温贮藏研究进展[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(2):374-380.
[26]陈伟.蝇蛹金小蜂重寄生与过寄生行为研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2016.
[2]BENELLI G,CANALE A,ROMANO D,et al.Flower scent bouquet variation and bee pollinator visits in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni(Asteraceae),a source of natural sweeteners[J].Arthropod-Plant Interactions,2017,11(3):381-388.
[3]DAY R L,HICKMAN J M,SPRAGUE R I,et al.Predatory hoverflies increase oviposition in response to colour stimuli offering no reward:Implications for biological control[J].Basic and Applied Ecology,2015,16(6):544-552.
[4]J CHRISTOPHER B,JON W S.Field evaluations of the contribution of predators and the parasitoid,Aphelinusmali,to biological control of woolly apple aphid,Eriosoma lanigerum,in Virginia,USA[J].BioControl,2016,61(2):155-165.
[5]陈相,蒙祥旭,王定福,等.烟蚜天敌的利用与研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(2):117-121.
[6]PINHEIRO L A,TORRES L M,RAIMUNDO J,et al.Effects of pollen,sugars and honeydew on lifespan and nutrient levels of Episyrphus balteatus[J].BioControl,2015,60(1):47-57.
[7]AMIRI-JAMI A R,SADEGHI-NAMAGHI H.Responses of Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer(Diptera:Syrphidae)in relation to prey density and predator size[J].Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,2014,17(3):207-211.
[8]ALIK A,ABASS M,SOMINA M.Functional Response of Four Syrphid Predators Associated With Green Apple Aphid(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in Laboratory[J].Journal of economic entomology,2016,109(1):78-83.
[9]Greco C F.Specificity and in star preference of Diplazonla etatorius(Hym.:Ichneumonidae)parasitizing aphidophagous syrphids(Dipt.:Syrphidae)[J].Entomophaga,1997,42(3):315-318.
[10]陆自强,杭杉葆,刘友邦,等.扬州地区食蚜蝇的研究[J].植物保护学报,1985(3):165-169.
[11]马仲实,李保兰,唐银山,等.邯郸地区食蚜蝇的初步观察[J].昆虫天敌,1985(3):155-158.
[12]郑文艳.湖北柑橘园蚜虫及其天敌发生动态和互作研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[13]戴轩.贵州东部地区茶园的食蚜蝇[J].中国生物防治,1995(4):41.
[14]王登元,马祁,王锁牢.蚜蝇姬蜂亚科的分类研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,1998(S1):3-8.
[15]BRUNOF RCHETTE,ROJO S,ALOMAR O,et al.Intraguild predation between syrphids and mirids:who is the prey?Who is the predator?[J].Bio.Control(Dordrecht),2007,52(2):175-191.
[16]VOSTEEN I,GERSHENZON J,KUNERT G.Dealing with food shortage:larval dispersal behaviour and survival on non-prey food of the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus[J].Ecological Entomology,2018,43(5):578-590.
[17]兰鑫,罗辑,成新跃.东北大豆生态区捕食性食蚜蝇种类及其对大豆蚜的控害效应分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2011(48):1625-1630.
[18]AMIRI-JAMI A,SADEGHI-NAMAGHI H,GILBERTF.Performance of apredatory hoverfly feeding on Myzus persicae(Hem.Aphididae)reared on twobrassicaceous plants varies with ant attendance[J].Biological Control,2017,105:49-55.
[19]ANTOINE B,FRDRIC F,FRANOIS V.Aphidhoverfly interactions under elevated CO2concentrations:oviposition and larval development[J].Physiological Entomology,2018,43(3):245-250.
[20]吴圣勇,徐丽荣,李宁,等.天敌昆虫在诱集植物上的多样性及对温室蚜虫的防治作用[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2955-2964.
[21]柳傲,张诗晟,杨中侠.湖南农业大学校园昆虫的多样性调查[J].贵州农业科学,2018,46(7):59-64.
[22]刘虹伶,王小强,蒲德强,等.成都地区辣椒主要害虫及天敌的发生规律[J].贵州农业科学,2018,46(10):64-68.
[23]曾维爱,谭琳,李密,等.烟草害虫天敌昆虫产品化现状及其产业化发展对策探讨[J].中国植保导刊,2016,37(3):69-73.
[24]曾凡荣,徐学农,王恩东.天敌昆虫品质控制方法[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(2):324-326.
[25]沈祖乐,李翌菡,周雅婷,等.天敌昆虫低温贮藏研究进展[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(2):374-380.
[26]陈伟.蝇蛹金小蜂重寄生与过寄生行为研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2016.