高氮水平下不同温度对γ-氨基丁酸诱导油菜叶片无机氮代谢的影响
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摘要
以油菜‘五月慢’为试材,在高氮栽培条件下,研究外源添加2.5mmol/Lγ-氨基丁酸(GABA)在不同温度处理下对油菜叶片无机氮代谢的影响。结果表明:与对照处理相比,高氮处理增加了油菜叶片中NO_3~--N含量,而外源添加2.5mmol/L GABA处理在12d后NO_3~--N含量均显著低于高氮处理;GABA处理对油菜叶片NO_3~--N含量的降低效果受温度影响较为明显,其中20℃处理降幅最大,其次为15℃处理和25℃,而30℃+N+G处理效果最差。在处理12d时,与高氮处理相比,20℃+N+G、15℃+N+G和25℃+N+G处理的油菜叶片NR、NiR、GAD活性和NH_4~+-N、游离氨基酸含量显著增加,而NO_3~--N和NO_2~--N的含量显著降低;30℃+N+G处理的叶片NO_3~--N和NO_2~--N的含量虽然显著低于高氮处理,但NiR、GAD活性和游离氨基酸含量也显著低于高氮处理。结果证明外源GABA降低油菜叶片硝酸盐含量与环境温度密切相关,其中20℃效果最明显,原因可能与根系对GABA吸收速率及无机氮代谢关键酶活性提高有关。
The effects of exogenous 2.5 mmol/L GABA on inorganic nitrogen metabolism in pakchoi leaves were studied at different temperature treatments using pakchoi(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis)as test material.The results showed that compared with the control,high N treatment increased NO_3~--N content in pakchoi leaves,but the GABA application decreased the NO_3~--N content significantly after 12 days treatment.Moreover,the effects of GABA treatment on the NO_3~--N content of rape leaves were significantly affected by temperature,which was manifested by the fact that the NO_3~--N content was the lowest treated with20℃+N+G,followed by 15 ℃+N+G and 25 ℃+N+G treatments,and 30 ℃+N+G treatment had the least decrease effect.Compared with high nitrogen treatment,20 ℃+N+G,15℃+N+G and 25 ℃+N+G treatments significantly increased the activities of NR,NiR,GAD and the contents of NH_4~+-N,free a mino acid,as well as obviously decreased the NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N contents at 12 days.However,pakchoi leaves treated with 30℃+N+G showed dramatically lower NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N contents,but activities of NiR,GAD and the contents of free a mino acid were decreased significantly compared with high nitrogen treatment.The results suggested that the decrease effect of GABA on NO_3~--N contents in pakchoi had close relationship with environmental temperature.The best result was obtained at 20℃,probably due to the increase of GABA absorption by root and key enzyme activities in inorganic nitrogen metabolism.
The effects of exogenous 2.5 mmol/L GABA on inorganic nitrogen metabolism in pakchoi leaves were studied at different temperature treatments using pakchoi(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis)as test material.The results showed that compared with the control,high N treatment increased NO_3~--N content in pakchoi leaves,but the GABA application decreased the NO_3~--N content significantly after 12 days treatment.Moreover,the effects of GABA treatment on the NO_3~--N content of rape leaves were significantly affected by temperature,which was manifested by the fact that the NO_3~--N content was the lowest treated with20℃+N+G,followed by 15 ℃+N+G and 25 ℃+N+G treatments,and 30 ℃+N+G treatment had the least decrease effect.Compared with high nitrogen treatment,20 ℃+N+G,15℃+N+G and 25 ℃+N+G treatments significantly increased the activities of NR,NiR,GAD and the contents of NH_4~+-N,free a mino acid,as well as obviously decreased the NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N contents at 12 days.However,pakchoi leaves treated with 30℃+N+G showed dramatically lower NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N contents,but activities of NiR,GAD and the contents of free a mino acid were decreased significantly compared with high nitrogen treatment.The results suggested that the decrease effect of GABA on NO_3~--N contents in pakchoi had close relationship with environmental temperature.The best result was obtained at 20℃,probably due to the increase of GABA absorption by root and key enzyme activities in inorganic nitrogen metabolism.
引文
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[13]杨胜远,陆兆新,吕凤霞,等.谷氨酸脱羧酶活力测定中GABA比色定量方法研究[J].食品科学,2006,27(7):205-209.
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[15]姜仕豪,党康,章永泰,等.光照强度、温度和连续光照对水培生菜硝酸盐积累的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2014(12):36-39.
[16]栗亚飞,何华名,安星辰,等.冬季根际加温对日光温室水培油菜产量和品质的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(5):664-667.
[17]马林.植物对氨基酸的吸收和利用[J].西南科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,19(1):102-107.
[2]李敬蕊,王祥,田真,等.外源喷施不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸对韭菜生长及氮代谢的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1563-1568.
[3]弓瑞娟,卢凤刚,夏庆平,等.γ-氨基丁酸对生菜硝酸盐含量和营养品质的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(3):31-35.
[4]吴晓蕾,李敬蕊,刘天丽,等.γ-氨基丁酸喷施时间对高氮水平下油菜、生菜叶片硝酸盐代谢的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(4):47-51.
[5]黄建国,袁玲.重庆市蔬菜硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量及其与环境的关系[J].生态学报,1996,16(4):383-388.
[6]Cantliffe D I.Nitrate accumulation in spinach grown at different temperatures[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1972,97(5):674-676.
[7]田真,李敬蕊,王祥,等.生菜硝酸还原酶基因的克隆及高氮水平下外源γ-氨基丁酸对其表达和叶片硝酸盐含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(6):1098-1105.
[8]赵世杰,史安国,董新纯.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2002.
[9]宋锁玲,李敬蕊,高洪波,等.γ-氨基丁酸对低氧胁迫下甜瓜幼苗氮代谢及矿质元素含量的影响[J].园艺学报,2012,39(4):695-704.
[10]Takahashi M,Sasaki Y,Ida S,et al.Nitrite reductase gene enrichment improves assimilation of NO2in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Physiolgy,2001,126:731-741.
[11]吕伟仙,葛滢,吴建之,等.植物中硝态氮、氨态氮、总氮测定方法的比较研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2004,24(2):204-206.
[12]邵金良,黎其万,董宝生,等.茚三酮比色法测定茶叶中游离氨基酸总量[J].中国食品添加剂,2008(2):162-165.
[13]杨胜远,陆兆新,吕凤霞,等.谷氨酸脱羧酶活力测定中GABA比色定量方法研究[J].食品科学,2006,27(7):205-209.
[14]王朝辉,李生秀.蔬菜不同器官的硝态氮与水分、全氮、全磷的关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1996,2(2):144-152.
[15]姜仕豪,党康,章永泰,等.光照强度、温度和连续光照对水培生菜硝酸盐积累的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2014(12):36-39.
[16]栗亚飞,何华名,安星辰,等.冬季根际加温对日光温室水培油菜产量和品质的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(5):664-667.
[17]马林.植物对氨基酸的吸收和利用[J].西南科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,19(1):102-107.