深冷处理对Cr7V钢高温耐磨性与位错密度的影响
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摘要
对Cr7V模具钢进行了(1030℃×0. 5 h)淬火+(-196℃×3,6,12 h)深冷处理+(560℃×2 h)三次回火处理,通过销盘摩擦磨损试验研究了深冷处理工艺参数对其高温耐磨性的影响。通过XRD获得不同热处理工艺下的衍射图谱,并通过X射线线形分析法研究深冷处理不同工艺参数对Cr7V模具钢位错密度的影响。结果表明:深冷处理对Cr7V模具钢高温耐磨性和位错密度的影响规律一致,随保温时间的延长,高温耐磨性和位错密度的提升程度均呈现先升后降的趋势,其中深冷保温6 h后试样磨损量为87. 6 mg,位错密度为1. 4295×10~(16)m~(-2),表现出最好的性能,其高温耐磨性较未深冷处理试样提高了53%,位错密度提高约28%。
The tool steel Cr7V was treated by quenching at 1030 ℃ for 0. 5 h,followed by deep cryogenic treatment at -196 ℃ for 3,6 and12 h and tempering at 560 ℃ for 2 h by three times. The effect of deep cryogenic treatment parameters on wear resistance of the Cr7V steel was studied by pin-on-disc friction and wear tests. The spectrums of the specimens with different heat treatment parameters were measured by means of XRD. The ray diffraction method was applied to evaluate the dislocation density of the specimens. The results show that the cryogenic treatment has the similar effect on the wear resistance and the dislocation density of the Cr7V steel,with the increase of the holding time,the wear resistance and the dislocation density has a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing. The specimen of cryogenic treated for 6 h and tempering by three times has mass loss of 87. 6 mg and dislocation density of 1. 4295 × 10~(16) m~(-2),the specimen shows the best properties,of which the wear resistance is improved by 53% and the dislocation density is increased by 28% compared with the specimen of conventional treatment.
The tool steel Cr7V was treated by quenching at 1030 ℃ for 0. 5 h,followed by deep cryogenic treatment at -196 ℃ for 3,6 and12 h and tempering at 560 ℃ for 2 h by three times. The effect of deep cryogenic treatment parameters on wear resistance of the Cr7V steel was studied by pin-on-disc friction and wear tests. The spectrums of the specimens with different heat treatment parameters were measured by means of XRD. The ray diffraction method was applied to evaluate the dislocation density of the specimens. The results show that the cryogenic treatment has the similar effect on the wear resistance and the dislocation density of the Cr7V steel,with the increase of the holding time,the wear resistance and the dislocation density has a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing. The specimen of cryogenic treated for 6 h and tempering by three times has mass loss of 87. 6 mg and dislocation density of 1. 4295 × 10~(16) m~(-2),the specimen shows the best properties,of which the wear resistance is improved by 53% and the dislocation density is increased by 28% compared with the specimen of conventional treatment.
引文
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[3]邓黎辉,汪宏斌,李绍宏,等.高强韧冷作模具钢深冷处理性能及组织[J].材料热处理学报,2011,32(4):76-81.Deng Lihui,Wang Hongbin,Li Shaohong,et al.Microstructure and properties of a high strength tool steel after cryogenic treatment[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2011,32(4):76-81.
[4]邱庆忠,肖峰,张中秋.热作模具钢热处理工艺及深冷处理研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2012,33(1):91-94.Qiu Qinzhong,Xiao Feng,Zhang Zhongqiu.Heat treatment and deep cryogenic treatment of hot die steel[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2012,33(1):91-94.
[5]田振乾,魏坤霞,魏伟,等.深冷处理铝硅合金的微观组织与力学性能[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):54-58.Tian Zhenqian,Wei Kunxia,Wei Wei,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy by deep cryogenic treatment[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(2):54-58.
[6]曹栋,贾昭,谌岩.深冷处理对TC6钛合金高温抗压能力的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):160-162.Cao Dong,Jia Zhao,Chen Yan.Effect of cryogenic treatment on high temperature compression resistance of TC6 titanium alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017.42(2):160-162.
[7]吴晓春,朱利娟,闵娜,等.低温处理对3Cr2MoCoWV热作模具钢中碳化物的影响[J].机械工程材料,2012,36(10):70-73.Wu Xiaochun,Zhu Lijuan,Min Na,et al.Influence of low temperature treatment on carbide in 3Cr2MoCoWV hot work die steel[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2012,36(10):70-73.
[8]于瑞媛,徐宏海,阎红娟,等.Cr12钢深冷处理工艺试验[J].金属热处理,2012,37(2):88-91.Yu Ruiyuan,Xu Honghai,Yan Hongjuan,et al.Deep cryogenic treatment process for Cr12 steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(2):88-91.
[9]孙莹,于庆波,闵昊.T10钢深冷处理的组织和力学性能[J].材料热处理学报,2014,35(11):51-55.Sun Ying,Yu Qingbo,Min Hao.Microstructure and mechanical properties of T10 steel after cryogenic treatment[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2014,35(11):51-55.
[10]张展展,刘恒三,王淼辉,等.深冷处理对喷射成形H13钢组织及耐磨性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(10):86-90.Zhang Zhanzhan,Liu Hengsan,Wang Miaohui,et al.Effect of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and wear resistance of spray formed H13 steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(10):86-90.
[11]刘勇,朱景川,王洋,等.XRD线形傅氏分析方法研究TA15合金热压缩变形后的位错[J].稀有金属材料科学与工程,2008,37(9):1505-1509.Liu Yong,Zhu Jinchuan,Wang Yang,et al.Research on dislocations for hot compressively deformed TA15 alloy by X-ray diffraction method and a profile analysis theory[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2008,37(9):1505-1509.
[12]林文星,付秀丽,孟莹,等.材料表面位错密度的测量方法研究[J].工具技术,2017,51(6):10-14.Lin Wenxing,Fu Xiuli,Meng Ying,et al.Review of methods for measuring dislocations density on surface of materials[J].Tool Engineering,2017,51(6):10-14.
[13]Shintani Takashi,Murata Yoshinori.Evaluation of dislocation density and dislocation character in cold rolled type 304 steel determined by profile analysis of X-ray diffraction[J].Acta Materialia,2011,59(11):4314-4322.
[14]Williamson G K,Hall W H.X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram[J].Acta Metallurgica,1953,1:23-31.
[15]Stokes A R,Wilson A J C.The diffraction of X-rays by distorted crystal aggregates:I[J].Proceedings of the Physical Society,1944,56(3):174-81.
[16]赵杰,徐海峰,时捷,等.细晶强化和位错强化对中锰马氏体钢的强化作用[J].钢铁,2012,47(8):57-61.Zhao Jie,Xu Haifeng,Shi Jie,et al.Dislocation strengthening on strength of medium manganese martensitic steels[J].Iron and Steel,2012,47(8):57-61.
[17]Jie X H,Mao Z Y.On the oxidation behavior of 5CrNiMo steel under the high temperature wear condition[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,1998,32(6):769-776.
[18]Adem Cicek,Fuat Kara,Turgay Kivak,et al.Effects of deep cryogenic treatment on the wear resistance and mechanical properties of AISI H13 hot-work tool steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2015,24(11):4431-4439.