热处理工艺对SKD11钢冲击磨损性能和磨损机理的影响
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摘要
采用金相显微镜、硬度计、冲击试验机和X射线衍射仪对比了真空淬火+回火和真空淬火+深冷处理+回火2种工艺下SKD11钢的显微组织、力学性能和物相组成。采用MLD-10型动载荷磨损试验机测试了2种热处理工艺下SKD11钢的冲击磨损性能,并对冲击磨损机理进行了分析。结果表明,2种热处理工艺下的组织均由回火马氏体+碳化物+残余奥氏体构成,深冷处理下的硬度比真空处理下高1HRC,冲击韧性略有下降。在冲击磨损的工况下,深冷处理时试样的失重量比真空处理时的失重量低,体现出了更好的耐磨性。在所研究的磨损时间内,真空处理后试样的磨损机理为高应力表面疲劳和磨粒磨损,深冷处理后试样的磨损机理为轻微的磨粒磨损。
The microstructure,mechanical property,phase of SKD11 steel after vacuum heat treatmentor deep cryogenic heat treatment were studied by means of OM,hardness tester,impact tester and XRD.The impact wear properties of SKD11 steel under the two heat treatments were tested by MLD-10 dynamic load-bearing wear tester.The impact wear mechanism was also analyzed.The results show that the microstructures of SKD11 steel after the two heat treatmentsare composed of tempering martensite,retained austenite and carbide.The hardness after cryogenic treatment is 1 HRC higher than that of the vacuum treatment and impact toughness decreases lightly.Under impact wear conditions,the weight loss of the sample during deep cryogenic treatment is lower than that of the vacuum treatment,which shows better wear resistance.In the studied wear time,the wear mechanism of the sample after vacuum treatment is high stress surface fatigue and abrasive wear,and the wear mechanism of the sample after cryogenic treatment is slight abrasive wear.
The microstructure,mechanical property,phase of SKD11 steel after vacuum heat treatmentor deep cryogenic heat treatment were studied by means of OM,hardness tester,impact tester and XRD.The impact wear properties of SKD11 steel under the two heat treatments were tested by MLD-10 dynamic load-bearing wear tester.The impact wear mechanism was also analyzed.The results show that the microstructures of SKD11 steel after the two heat treatmentsare composed of tempering martensite,retained austenite and carbide.The hardness after cryogenic treatment is 1 HRC higher than that of the vacuum treatment and impact toughness decreases lightly.Under impact wear conditions,the weight loss of the sample during deep cryogenic treatment is lower than that of the vacuum treatment,which shows better wear resistance.In the studied wear time,the wear mechanism of the sample after vacuum treatment is high stress surface fatigue and abrasive wear,and the wear mechanism of the sample after cryogenic treatment is slight abrasive wear.
引文
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[2]谢尘,王明,李虎,等.深冷处理对冷作模具钢SDC99组织及性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(2):153.(Xie C,Wang M,Li Hu,et al.Effects of deep cryogenic treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of SDC99cold working die steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(2):153.)
[3]王志新,林在滨,施建军.Cr12MoV钢真空油淬工艺研究[J].中原工学院学报,2014,25(6):24.(Wang Z X,Lin Z B,Shi J Z.Study on vacuum oil quenching technology of Cr12MoV steel[J].Journal of Zhongyuan University of Technology,2014,25(6):24.)
[4]段春争,王敏杰.深冷处理后W18Cr4V高速钢的显微组织[J].钢铁研究学报,2008,20(8):38.(Duan C Z,Wang M J.Microstructure of W18Cr4V high speed steel after cryogenic treatment[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research 2008,20(8):38.)
[5]冯荣元.Cr12MoV的激光时效[J].南方金属,2011(2):15.(Feng R Y.Laser quenching and ageing of Cr12MoV[J].Southern Metals,2011(2):15.)
[6]李士燕,刘天佐,李钢.在深冷条件下残余奥氏体转变的研究[J].材料导报,2003,17(8):80.(Li S Y,Liu T Z,Li G.A study of transformation of retained austenite under cryogenic conditions[J].Materials Review,2003,17(8):80.)
[7]Tyshchenko A I,Theisen W,Oppenkowski A,et al.Lowtemperature martensitic and deep cryogenic treatment of a tool steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2010,527A(26):7027.
[8]谢尘,吴晓春,闵娜,等.3DAP研究高碳高合金钢深冷处理过程的C偏聚行为[J].金属学报,2015,51(3):325.(Xie C,Wu X C,Min N,et al.Carbon segregation behavior of high carbon high-alloy steel during deep cryogenic treatment using 3DAP[J].Acta Metallurgical Sinica,2015,51(3):325.)
[9]吕雁文,闫献国,韩晓君,等.深冷处理对W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢硬度及组织的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(8):174.(Lyu Y W,Yan X G,Han X J,et al.Effect of cryogenic treatment on hardness and microstructure of W6Mo5Cr4V2high speed steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(8):174.)
[10]迟宏宵,马党参,王昌,等.Cr8Mo2SiV钢二次硬化机理的研究[J].金属学报,2010,46(10):1181.(Chi H X,Ma D S,Wang C,et al.Study on secondary hardening mechanism of Cr8Mo2SiV steel[J].Acta Metallurgical Sinica,2010,46(10):1181.)
[11]岑启宏,孙琨,方亮,等.二体磨料磨损犁沟及脊的三维有限元动态模拟[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(3):249.(Cen Q H,Sun K,Fang L,et al.3Ddynamic simulation of groove and ridge in two-body abrasive wear by finite element method[J].Tribology,2004,24(3):249.)
[12]Suh N P.The delamination theory of wear[J].Wear,1973,25(1):111.
[13]潘金芝,任瑞铭,戚正风.国内外模具钢发展现状[J].金属热处理,2008,33(8):10.(Pan J Z,Ren R M,Qi Z F.Development status of model steels at home and abroad[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2008,33(8):10.
[14]杜永泽,陈再枝.钒含量对D2模具钢耐磨性的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,1997(s1):66.(Du Y Z,Chen Z Z.Effect of the vanadium content on wearability of D2die steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,1997(s1):66.
[15]揭晓华,官俊英.热处理工艺对Cr12MoV钢耐磨性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,1994(1):46.(Jie X H,Guan J Y.Effect of heat treating process on wear resistance of Cr12MoV steel[J].Hot Working Technology,1994(1):46.)