高职生源危机根源及防控策略
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摘要
在高等教育大众化背景下出现高职生源危机这种悖象,其根源是高等教育发展的不平衡、供给的不充分,主要体现在生源的结构性锐减、高等教育供给偏误、职业教育立交桥尚未畅通三方面。教育行政部门应从宏观层面注重高等教育全国统筹,增强供给能力,转移教育产能,调整发展方式;加强高校招生过程控制,强化生源市场管控,引导计划投放指向;实施高等教育需求管理,打通普教职教立交桥,引导全社会全面认识高职教育价值,从而实现高职教育均衡化、科学化和可持续发展,从根源上防控高职生源危机。
Under the background of popularization of higher education, there is a paradox of the student resource crisis in higher vocational colleges which is caused by the imbalance development and inadequate supply of higher education, and which is mainly shown in three aspects:the structural sharp reduction of the student source, the misuse of the supply of higher education, and the broken vocational education overpass. The educational administration authority should pay attention to the overall planning of higher education, enhance the supply capacity, transfer the capacity of the education, and adjust the way of development; and they should also strengthen the control of the enrollment process, strengthen the management and control of the student source market, guide the planning of the project; in addition, they also should carry out the demand management of higher education, make the overpass of general education and vocational education unimpeded and guide the whole society to realize the value of higher vocational education. Only in this way can we realize the balanced, scientific and sustainable development of higher vocational education in order to prevent and control the crisis of higher vocational student recruitment.
Under the background of popularization of higher education, there is a paradox of the student resource crisis in higher vocational colleges which is caused by the imbalance development and inadequate supply of higher education, and which is mainly shown in three aspects:the structural sharp reduction of the student source, the misuse of the supply of higher education, and the broken vocational education overpass. The educational administration authority should pay attention to the overall planning of higher education, enhance the supply capacity, transfer the capacity of the education, and adjust the way of development; and they should also strengthen the control of the enrollment process, strengthen the management and control of the student source market, guide the planning of the project; in addition, they also should carry out the demand management of higher education, make the overpass of general education and vocational education unimpeded and guide the whole society to realize the value of higher vocational education. Only in this way can we realize the balanced, scientific and sustainable development of higher vocational education in order to prevent and control the crisis of higher vocational student recruitment.
引文
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[3]教育部.2017年全国教育事业发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2018-07-09)[2018-09-20].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/sjzl_fztjgb/201807/t20180719_343508.html.
[4]国家统计局.2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报[EB/OL].(2012-04-20)[2018-03-20].http://www.gov.cn/test/2012-04/20/content_2118413.htm.
[5]郭莹.卫计委:中国未来人口峰值预计为14.5亿[EB/OL].(2016-03-09)[2018-03-20].http://distaict.ce.cn/newarea/roll/201603/09/t20160309_9368966.shtml.
[6]朱雪梅,叶小明.直面生源危机:中国高职院校发展格局与战略[J].现代教育管理,2012(8):30-34.
[7]郝志刚.生源危机背景下高职院校招生策略分析基于2011级新生的调查[J].职业技术教育,2012(27):58-60.
[8]任海华.生源结构性锐减视角下高职精益德育模式[J].南通职业大学学报,2014(2):37-41.
[9] 2017年全国各省高考人数及录取率汇总[EB/OL].(2017-08-23)[2018-04-10].http://gaokao.2018.cn/m/view.php?aid=64653.