45钢/PA66配副干滑动摩擦磨损性能研究
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摘要
采用45钢销和尼龙PA66盘,运用正交试验法在MMW-1A万能摩擦磨损试验机上研究干滑动摩擦条件下速度、载荷和金属销表面粗糙Ra对45钢/PA66配副摩擦学性能的影响.通过极差分析与方差分析发现:载荷、粗糙度对摩擦系数与磨损量有显著影响,而速度影响相对较小.当载荷为50 N,速度为11.25 m/s,Ra为0.60μm时,摩擦系数与磨损量最小.基于正交试验的最优结果,开展控制变量试验,试验结果表明:载荷小于90 N时,PA66以黏着磨损为主;载荷为90 N时,PA66磨损形式为犁削磨损和黏着磨损.载荷为140 N时,PA66的磨损形式为黏着磨损并伴有胶合现象的产生. Ra小于0.46μm时,PA66以黏着磨损为主;Ra为0.46μm时,PA66的磨损形式为黏着磨损和犁削磨损且在对偶金属销表面上形成连续的转移膜;Ra大于0.46μm时,PA66以犁削磨损为主.
The orthogonal array tests were carried out to investigate the effects of velocity, load and pin surface roughness on the tribological properties of steel and nylon PA66 disc friction pairs under dry sliding friction condition on the MMW-1A vertical universal friction wear test machine. According to the range analysis and variance analysis,results show that load and pin surface roughness have significant influence on the friction coefficient and wear mass while the effect of speed is less significant. And the best combination of parameters for 45 steel/PA66 friction pairs are50 N of load, 11.25 m/s of velocity, and Ra 0.6 μm of the pin surface roughness. Based on the optimum condition,the control variable experiments were carried out. Under the load lower than 90 N, the wear of PA66 are mainly adhesive wear. Under the load of 90 N, the wear of PA66 is the abrasion wear and adhesive wear. Under the load of 140 N, the wear of PA66 is the adhesive wear accompanied by seizure. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is lower than 0.46 μm,the main failure form of PA66 is adhesive wear. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is 0.46 μm, the main failure is due to abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and a continuous transfer film is found on the surface of the metal pin. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is larger than 0.46 μm, the main failure is due to the ploughing effect.
The orthogonal array tests were carried out to investigate the effects of velocity, load and pin surface roughness on the tribological properties of steel and nylon PA66 disc friction pairs under dry sliding friction condition on the MMW-1A vertical universal friction wear test machine. According to the range analysis and variance analysis,results show that load and pin surface roughness have significant influence on the friction coefficient and wear mass while the effect of speed is less significant. And the best combination of parameters for 45 steel/PA66 friction pairs are50 N of load, 11.25 m/s of velocity, and Ra 0.6 μm of the pin surface roughness. Based on the optimum condition,the control variable experiments were carried out. Under the load lower than 90 N, the wear of PA66 are mainly adhesive wear. Under the load of 90 N, the wear of PA66 is the abrasion wear and adhesive wear. Under the load of 140 N, the wear of PA66 is the adhesive wear accompanied by seizure. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is lower than 0.46 μm,the main failure form of PA66 is adhesive wear. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is 0.46 μm, the main failure is due to abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and a continuous transfer film is found on the surface of the metal pin. When the pin surface roughness(Ra) is larger than 0.46 μm, the main failure is due to the ploughing effect.
引文
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[20]Hu Haixia.Tribological behaviors of epoxy resin and polyamide 66matrix[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2008(in Chinese)[胡海霞.环氧树脂及尼龙66基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能[D].长春:吉林大学,2008].
[21]Shen Mingxue,Dong Feng,Peng Xudong.Effect of surface roughness of metalic Counterpart on tribological characteristics of NBR O-ring[J].Tribology,2016,36(3):320-325(in Chinese)[沈明学,董峰,彭旭东,等.配副金属表面粗糙度对丁腈橡胶O型圈摩擦学特性的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(3):320-325].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2016.03.008.
[22]Valentin L Popov,Li Qiang,Luo Jianbin.Contact mechanics and friction physical principles and applications[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011(in Chinese)[德)瓦伦丁L.波波夫,李强,雒建斌.接触力学与摩擦学的原理及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011].
[2]Chang L,Zhang Z,Zhang H,et al.On the sliding wear of nanoparticle filled polyamide 66 composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(16):3188-3198.doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.02.021.
[3]Demirci M T,Düzcüko?lu H.Wear behaviors of polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66journal bearings[J].Materials&Design,2014,57:560-567.doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.01.013.
[4]Wei Xu Cheng.Friction and wear behaviours between GF/PA66composite and Al2O3 ceramic[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(5):47-52(in Chinese)[魏绪成.玻璃纤维增强PA66复合材料与Al2O3陶瓷的摩擦磨损行为[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(5):47-52].doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.2012.05.017.
[5]Kim J W,Jang H,Jin W K.Friction and wear of monolithic and glass-fiber reinforced PA66 in humid conditions[J].Wear,2014,309(1-2):82-88.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2013.11.007.
[6]Kumar S,Panneerselvam K.Two-body abrasive wear behavior of nylon 6 and glass fiber reinforced(GFR)nylon 6 composite[J].Procedia Technology,2016,25:1129-1136.doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.228.
[7]Shibata K,Yamaguchi T,Hokkirigawa K.Tribological behavior of polyamide 66/rice bran ceramics and polyamide 66/glass bead composites[J].Wear,2014,317(1-2):1-7.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2014.04.019.
[8]Hunke H,Soin N,Gebhard A,et al.Plasma modified polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)lubrication ofα-olefin-copolymer impact-modified polyamide 66[J].Wear,2015,338-339:122-132.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2015.06.003.
[9]Lee S M,Shin M W,Jang H.Effect of carbon-nanotube length on friction and wear of polyamide 6,6 nanocomposites[J].Wear,2014,320:103-110.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2014.08.011.
[10]Guglani L,Gupta T C.Study of mechanical and tribological properties of nylon 66-titanium dioxide microcomposite[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2018,29(2):906-913.doi:10 .1002/pat.4201.
[11]Narayana K S,Suman K N S,Vikram K A.Investigation on dry sliding wear behavior of nylon66/GnP nano-composite[J].Journal of the Institution of Engineers,2016,98:1-8.doi:10.1007/s40033-016-0113-0.
[12]Rosa A G D A,Moreto J A,Manfrinato M D,et al.Study on friction and wear behavio-r of SAE 1045 steel,reinforced nylon 6.6 and NBR rubber used in clutch discs[J].Materials Research,2014,17(6):1397-1403.doi:10.1590/1516-1439.282714.
[13]Rudresh B M,Ravi Kumar B N.Influence of experimental parameters on friction and wear mechanisms of PA66/PTFE blend reinforced with glass fiber[J].Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals,2018,71(2):339-349.doi:10.1007/s12666-017-1164-0.
[14]Pan Bingli,Liu Yonghui,Zhu Changbao.Tribological behaviors of polyamide modified by phase change particles under high sliding velocity[J].Tribology,2016,36(4):430-437(in Chinese)[潘炳力,刘永辉,朱常宝.相变颗粒改性聚酰胺的高速摩擦学行为[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(4):430-437].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2016.04.005.
[15]Zhang Xiangwei,Jin Xiaoyi,Zhou Zhengshu.Research on sliding friction properties based on orthogonal experimental design[J].Lubrication Engineering,2015,40(4):65-68(in Chinese)[张向伟,金晓怡,周正珠,等.基于正交试验设计的滑动摩擦性能研究[J].润滑与密封,2015,40(4):65-68].doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0150.2015.04.015.
[16]Su Fan,Zhang Hang,Yin Zhongjun.Effects of rheology behaviour and material parameters of granular material on energy dissipation of a particle damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2018,37(8):238-244(in Chinese)[苏凡,张航,尹忠俊.颗粒物质流变学行为和材料参数对颗粒阻尼器能量耗散的影响[J].振动与冲击,2018,37(8):238-244].doi:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2018.08.035.
[17]Xu Pengfei,Zhou Fei,Wang Qianzhi.Influence of meshwork pattern grooves on the tr-ibological characteristics of Ti-6Al-4Valloy in water lubrication[J].Tribology,2012,32(4)(in Chinese)[徐鹏飞,周飞,王谦之.网纹型表面微结构对Ti-6Al-4V水润滑摩擦学特性的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2012,32(4)].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2012.04.013.
[18]Lei Yi,Guo Jianliang,Zhang Yanxiang.Orthogonal test and regression analysis on tribological property of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene composites filled with nano-ZnO[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2006,30(4):86-89(in Chinese)[雷毅,郭建良,张雁翔.基于UHMWPE/nano-ZnO复合材料摩擦特性的正交试验及回归分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(4):86-89].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2006.04.021.
[19]Wen Shizhu,Huang Ping.Principles of tribology(four edition)[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012(in Chinese)[温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012].
[20]Hu Haixia.Tribological behaviors of epoxy resin and polyamide 66matrix[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2008(in Chinese)[胡海霞.环氧树脂及尼龙66基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能[D].长春:吉林大学,2008].
[21]Shen Mingxue,Dong Feng,Peng Xudong.Effect of surface roughness of metalic Counterpart on tribological characteristics of NBR O-ring[J].Tribology,2016,36(3):320-325(in Chinese)[沈明学,董峰,彭旭东,等.配副金属表面粗糙度对丁腈橡胶O型圈摩擦学特性的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(3):320-325].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2016.03.008.
[22]Valentin L Popov,Li Qiang,Luo Jianbin.Contact mechanics and friction physical principles and applications[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011(in Chinese)[德)瓦伦丁L.波波夫,李强,雒建斌.接触力学与摩擦学的原理及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011].